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Journal : Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings

Control of Struvite (MgNH4 PO4 .6H2O) Scale Deposit in an Industrial Process Luluk Edahwati; Sutiyono; Radissa Dzaky Issafira; Ndaru Adyono; Wiliandi Saputro; Wahyu Dwi Lestari; Ahmad Khairul Faizin; Tria Puspa Sari
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 2nd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Struvite or Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Hexahydrate (MgNH4 PO4.6H2O) is one of the precipitates generally formed in the piping system. The formation of struvite in the piping system is one of the serious problems that can cause blockages, reduced flow volume, and pipe diameter to increase maintenance and production costs. This formation of struvite scale in the industrial instrument is detrimental; however, struvite can be used as raw material for slow-release fertilizers. This study will observe the effect of pH in the range of 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, and 10 on the formation of struvite compositions, consisting of Mg, NH4, PO4, Ca, and K in the surrounding temperature of 35oC. The results of this study will be observed using visual MINTEQ software. The result shows that the most suitable pH for struvite formation is 9.5.
The Observation of Struvite (MgNH4 PO4 .6H2O) Precipitation Using Visual MINTEQ Radissa Dzaky Issafira; Luluk Edahwati; Sutiyono; Ndaru Adyono; Wiliandi Saputro; Wahyu Dwi Lestari; Ahmad Khairul Faizin; Tria Puspa Sari
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 2nd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Struvite or Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Hexahydrate (MgNH4 PO4.6H2O) is one of the precipitates that generally form in the piping system. The formation of struvite in the piping system is one of the serious problems that can cause blockages, reduced flow volume, and pipe diameter so that it will increase maintenance and production costs. This formation of struvite scale in industrial instruments is detrimental; however, struvite can be used as raw material for slow-release fertilizers. This study will observe the effect of pH in the range of 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, and 10 on the formation of struvite compositions, consisting of Mg, NH4, PO4, Ca, and K in the surrounding temperature 35oC. The results of this study will be observed using visual MINTEQ software. The result shows that the most suitable pH for struvite formation is 9.5.
Manufacture of Struvite From Industrial Waste Sodium Tripolyphosphate Using Bulkhead Column Reactor Sutiyono; Luluk Edahwati; Adeniah Setiabudi; Suhaili
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 3rd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2022.2702

Abstract

The utilization of Industrial Waste Sodium Trypolyphosphate to be used as struvite fertilizer is still very few. Sodium Trypolyphosphate Industrial Waste has a very high phosphate content, which is 21610 mg/l. Struvite is one type of inorganic fertilizer, where this fertilizer is a slow-release fertilizer. This fertilizer is known as Magnesium, Ammonium, Phosphate. The main objective of this study was to determine the best temperature and molar ratio in the formation and quality of the struvite produced. In this study, uses a device in the form of a Bulkhead Column Reactor, with the help of air as a stirrer. The process with the Bulk Column Reactor is carried out using several variables, namely the temperature variable and the molar ratio variable. The temperature used is 30oC. As for the molar ratio, it is, 1:1:1; 2:1:1 and 3:1:1. The best results from this study were at a temperature of 30oC with a molar ratio of 3 : 1: 1, where the struvite produced had a magnesium content of 3.8% and a phosphate content of 33.8%.
Analysis of Combustion Temperature on Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) of Diesel Engines Using B100 and B20 Fuel in the Long Term Wiliandi Saputro; Muhammad Ikhsan; Erwan Adi Saputro; Wahyu Dwi Lestari; Luluk Edahwati; Ahmad Khairul Faizin; Sutiyono; Ndaru Adyono; Tria Puspa Sari; Radissa Dzaky Issafira
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 3rd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2022.2716

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the largest palm oil-producing countries globally, with a production value of 40 million tons by 2020. Biodiesel is one of the alternative energy sources that can be processed from palm oil. Diesel engines can directly use biodiesel as a fuel. Biodiesel has distinct characteristics from diesel; thus, it will affect performance and other things on the engine. In this research, diesel engine performance tests were carried out, including specific fuel consumption (SFC), cylinder head temperature, cylinder block, and exhaust pipe, with a test time of 300 hours. This research aims to determine the effect of the cylinder head, cylinder block, and exhaust pipe temperatures on SFC using two different fuels, i.e., B100 and B20. Based on the test results, the average cylinder head, cylinder block, and exhaust pipe temperatures on the B100 engine are 136 oC, 130 oC, and 257 oC. As for the B20 engine's cylinder head, block, and exhaust pipe temperatures are 139 oC, 132 oC, and 264 oC. Engine with B100 fuel obtained SFC of 0.317 kg/kW.hour and engine with B20 fuel obtained SFC of 0.276 kg/kW.hour. In general, the combustion temperature in the cylinder head affects the increase in SFC in both engines with different fuels; the higher the combustion temperature in the cylinder head, the higher the SFC is. Engines with B100 fuel have a higher SFC value than B20 fuel, which is influenced by the higher viscosity and density values; thus, the droplets from the fuel atomization process become larger when compared to fuels with lower viscosity and density values. The graph analysis shows that the cylinder block temperature graph on the B100 and B20 fueled engines decreases between temperatures of 133-134 oC, then inflates with the increase in specific fuel consumption. The higher temperature compared to the B100 fuel engine makes the fuel undergo complete combustion when injected into the combustion chamber due to atomization or very fine droplets burning completely. The cylinder block temperature chart on the B100 and B20 fueled engines has a very significant trend difference. B100 engines tend to experience a decreasing trend in temperature along with an increase in SFC, while B20 engines tend to experience an increasing temperature trend along with an increase in SFC.
Synthesis of Calcium Phosphate from Boiler Egg Shells as Raw Material for Hydroxyapatite Luluk Edahwati; Sutiyono; Rahmaniar Naulita Hutagalung; Siti Robiatuz Zahrotun Nukhuf
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 3rd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2022.2718

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is one of the biomaterials that can be used for replacement bones for survivors of fractures that can be caused by accidents or natural disasters. Hydroxyapatite biomaterials are now a necessity, but the high price of imported hydroxyapatites has resulted in difficulties in obtaining them. The purpose of this study is to synthesize calcium phosphate from the eggshells of purebred chickens so that they can be used as raw materials for making hydroxyapatite. The stages in the manufacture of calcium phosphate are calcination as a pretreatment process of purebred chicken egg shells which is continued with the synthesis process. The research variables used are variations in phosphoric acid concentrations and also pH variations. The results presented were regarding calcium content through XRF analysis, diffraction patterns from calcium phosphate through XRD analysis, and morphology of calcium phosphate through SEM analysis. From the results of the analysis, it can be used as a reference for the characteristics of calcium phosphate which will be used as a raw material for making hydroxyapatite.