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Cost-Utility Analysis (CUA) dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Kesehatan: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur dan Analisis Kebijakan Lismardani Lismardani; Eko Khair Anthony; Eka Yan Fitri; Budi Hartono; Alfani Ghutsa Daud
Journal of Innovative and Creativity Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

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Abstract

The increasing cost of healthcare services, limited resources, and growing demand for high-quality care require rational and evidence-based decision-making approaches. One of the most widely used economic evaluation methods in health policy is Cost-Utility Analysis (CUA), which assesses the efficiency of health interventions by comparing costs and outcomes measured in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). This study aims to systematically review the concepts, methods, and applications of CUA in health policy decision-making, as well as to identify its benefits, limitations, and implementation challenges. A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Relevant articles published between 2019 and 2025 were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Eligible studies were analyzed thematically and synthesized narratively. The findings indicate that CUA is widely applied in the evaluation of health technologies, service delivery models, preventive programs, and population-based strategies, and plays a key role within the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) framework. The use of QALYs enables comprehensive comparisons across diseases and populations. However, several challenges remain, including limited availability of local utility data, methodological variability, and ethical and equity-related concerns. In conclusion, CUA serves as a strategic tool for supporting efficient and transparent health policy decision-making. Nevertheless, it should be used as a complementary instrument alongside ethical and social considerations to ensure fair and sustainable health policies.
Faktor Determinan PSN, Karakteristik Individu, dan Lingkungan Terhadap Kejadian DBD di Provinsi Papua Tengah: Analisis Data SKI 2023 Yulinda Lubis; Budi Hartono
Jurnal Ners Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): JANUARI 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jn.v10i1.51830

Abstract

Di Indonesia, Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan masalah kesehatan yang sering terjadi. Provinsi Papua Tengah yang merupakan wilayah endemis malaria, tidak luput dari adanya kasus DBD. Berdasarkan data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023, prevalensi DBD mencapai 3,90%, dengan container index (CI) berkisar 2,56-5,90, sehingga menjadi angka tertinggi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana upaya pemberantasan sarang nyamuk (PSN), karakteristik individu, kondisi lingkungan rumah tangga memengaruhi kasus DBD di Papua Tengah, dengan menggunakan metode cross-sectional. Data sekunder dari hasil SKI 2023 di Provinsi Papua Tengah, dengan total responden sebanyak 5.408 serta menggunakan analisis univariat, uji chi square untuk bivariat, dan uji regresi logistik untuk model determinan multivariat. Hasil menunjukkan tujuh variabel diidentifikasi memiliki korelasi signifikan dengan DBD: umur, pekerjaan, tempat tinggal, larvasidasi, menutup penampungan air, memusnahkan barang bekas dan ketersediaan air, di mana tempat tinggal menjadi faktor utama, yaitu warga di daerah pedesaan lebih rentan terinfeksi DBD sebanyak 2,84 kali dibandingkan yang tinggal di perkotaan (OR=2,843; 95% CI=1,963–4,116). Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan faktor individu, lingkungan, dan perilaku pencegahan, memengaruhi kasus DBD, sehingga diperlukan intervensi PSN 3M Plus yang lebih besar, mencakup pembersihan dan penutupan tempat penampungan air serta daur ulang barang bekas serta meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat agar risiko penularan DBD dapat berkurang. Kata kunci: Demam Berdarah Dengue, Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk, Faktor Risiko
Hubungan Penerapan Water, Sanitation And Higiene (WASH) dengan Kejadian Stunting di Wilayah Pesisir: Systematic Review Syifa Mauliddina; Budi Hartono
Sehat Rakyat: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Februari 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Penelitian Pengabdian Algero

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54259/sehatrakyat.v5i1.7081

Abstract

Stunting remains a significant public health problem in developing countries and is closely associated with inadequate environmental conditions, particularly those related to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH). This systematic review aims to examine the relationship between WASH practices and the prevalence of stunting among children under five years of age in coastal areas. A total of 11 studies published between 2016 and 2025 were selected from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and other external sources using the PRISMA approach and the PEOS framework. Findings from countries including Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, and Indonesia consistently indicate that poor WASH conditions significantly increase the risk of stunting. Inadequate sanitation facilities, lack of access to safe drinking water, and poor hygiene practices were identified as major contributing factors. Several studies from Indonesia reported high odds ratios for stunting among children exposed to unsafe water and inadequate sanitation, with increased risks ranging from 2.66 to 6.37 times. Some studies suggest that improved sanitation has a stronger association with reduced stunting than improved access to drinking water. Most included studies employed cross-sectional designs, highlighting significant correlations, although causal inferences remain limited. Therefore, long-term integrated interventions that ensure access to clean water, adequate sanitation, and hygiene education should be prioritized in public health strategies, particularly in vulnerable coastal communities.
Pemetaan Kerawanan dan Penentuan Prioritas Penanganan Penyakit Tuberkulosis Paru di Kota Padang Citta Zahra Primalia; Budi Hartono; Hafshah Farah Fadhilah; Fadilah Habibul Hamda
Malahayati Nursing Journal Vol 7, No 5 (2025): Volume 7 Nomor 5 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mnj.v7i5.19945

Abstract

ABSTRACT Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death in the world caused by a single infectious agent in 2023 with an estimated 10.8 million people infected. In Indonesia, the prevalence of TB cases is 0.30%, with 821,200 cases in 2023. West Sumatra is one of the provinces in Indonesia with a TB prevalence of 0.29%. Padang City is the city with the highest number of TB cases in West Sumatra Province, with 3,093 cases in 2023. This study aims to map the level of TB vulnerability in Padang City to determine the priority of TB treatment. This study is an ecological study conducted using a quantitative descriptive method with the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The results of the study illustrate that there are 2 sub-districts with very high levels of vulnerability and 5 sub-districts with high levels of vulnerability which are the main priorities in handling TB disease in Padang City. The government is expected to invite the community to handle TB and improve existing programs. Keywords: Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Altitude, Population Density, Healthy Homes, GIS ABSTRAK Tuberkulosis Paru (TB) menjadi penyebab kematian utama di dunia yang disebabkan oleh satu agen infeksius pada tahun 2023 dengan perkiraan 10,8 juta orang terjangkit TB. Di Indonesia, prevalensi kasus TB sebesar 0,30%, dengan 821.200 kasus di tahun 2023. Sumatera Barat merupakan salah satu provinsi di Indonesia dengan prevalensi TB sebesar 0,29%. Kota Padang menjadi kota dengan jumlah kasus TB tertinggi di Provinsi Sumatera Barat, dengan jumlah kasus sebesar 3.093 pada tahun 2023. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemetaan tingkat kerawanan TB di Kota Padang dalam rangka penentuan prioritas penanganan TB. Penelitian ini merupakan studi ekologi yang dilakukan menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa terdapat 2 kecamatan dengan tingkat kerawanan sangat tinggi dan 5 kecamatan dengan tingkat kerawanan tinggi yang menjadi prioritas utama dalam penanganan penyakit TB di Kota Padang. Pemerintah diharapkan dapat mengajak masyarakat dalam penanganan TB serta membenahi program-program yang sudah ada. Kata Kunci: Tuberkulosis Paru, Ketinggian Wilayah, Kepadatan Penduduk, Rumah Sehat, SIG
Faktor Risiko Sanitasi Lingkungan dan Asupan Gizi terhadap Kejadian Stunting pada Balita (6-59 Bulan) Rahmi Lisdeni .; Budi Hartono; Wahyu Kurnia Yusrin Putra; Triyanti Triyanti
Jurnal Sehat Mandiri Vol 20 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Sehat Mandiri, Volume 20, No.2 Desember 2025
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33761/jsm.v20i2.2427

Abstract

Stunting remains a major public health issue in Indonesia, particularly in areas with poor environmental sanitation and inadequate nutritional intake. This condition affects linear growth in children, indicated by TB/U < –2 SD. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with stunting among children aged 6–59 months related to environmental sanitation and nutritional intake in Batangkapas District, Pesisir Selatan Regency. A cross-sectional design was used with 189 children selected through cluster sampling. Data were collected through observation, interviews, STBM-based questionnaires, a semiquantitative FFQ, and anthropometric measurements. Data analysis included univariate, bivariate (Chi-square), and multivariate (logistic regression). The findings showed a stunting prevalence of 25.4%. Variables significantly associated with stunting included open defecation behavior, handwashing with soap, household food and water management, latrine ownership, and nutrient intake. Handwashing behavior was the most dominant factor with the highest odds ratio. The study concludes that poor environmental sanitation and inadequate nutritional intake are major risk factors for stunting. It is recommended that health centers and local health authorities strengthen STBM implementation, enhance nutrition education, increase provision of locally sourced supplementary feeding, and establish cross-sector collaboration to reduce stunting effectively.
Identifikasi dan Pengelolaan Risiko Pelayanan Farmasi di Rumah Sakit: Studi Deskriptif Defrika Muharani; Nailul Fithry Arrasily; Tri Jenny Minarsih; Hashifah Faizah; Nur Laili Farhiyah; Budi Hartono; Alfani Gusta Daud
SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): SENTRI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, Februari 2026
Publisher : LPPM Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/sentri.v5i2.5843

Abstract

Pharmacy services in hospitals are a vital component of healthcare systems, aiming to ensure the safe, rational, and efficient use of medicines. The increasing complexity of pharmacy operations elevates the likelihood of various risks in both clinical and operational domains. This study provides a descriptive analysis of the types of risks inherent in hospital pharmacy services and the corresponding risk management efforts based on empirical evidence. Findings reveal that medication errors are the most prevalent clinical risk, particularly during prescribing, preparation, and administration phases, potentially compromising patient safety and therapeutic outcomes. Operational risks also present significant challenges, as indicated by high levels of dead stock and expired medicines, reflecting weaknesses in forecasting and inventory control. Key contributing factors include limited human resources, suboptimal information systems, and high workload pressures. Additionally, barriers to incident reporting due to a punitive organizational culture hinder effective risk mitigation. Although the management of pharmaceutical risks is mandated by the Ministry of Health Regulation No. 72 of 2016, its implementation effectiveness remains constrained and demands improvement through integration of digital technologies, enhancement of pharmaceutical workforce competencies, and cultivation of a strong patient safety culture. These insights underscore the necessity for comprehensive strategies to foster pharmacy services that are safe, effective, and efficient.