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Dietary Behaviors among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia Aklima, Aklima; Kritpracha, Charuwan; Thaniwattananon, Ploenpit
Nurse Media Journal of Nursing Vol 3, No 1 (2013): (JUNE 2013)
Publisher : Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University

Purpose: To describe the dietary behaviors among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(T2DM) in Indonesia.Method: Sixty patients with T2DM who met the inclusion criteria were selected from fourvillages of the Banda Raya Community Health Centre in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Patientsâ€™dietary behaviors were measured by the Self-Management Dietary Behaviors Questionnaire(SMDBQ). The SMDBQ was modified from the previous study with adequate reliability(Chronbachâ€™s alpha was .82).Result: The subjects who participated in this study were middle aged adults (53 years). Morethan half of the subjects in this study were female (76.7%). All of the subjects were Muslim.More than one-third had an education level of senior high school (38.3%). The majority of thesubjects had no experiences with any previous educational program or counseling programrelated to dietary behaviors (86.7%). The results showed a moderate level of dietary behaviorsof patients with T2DM in Aceh, Indonesia.Conclusions: The dietary behaviors among Type 2 diabetic patients in Aceh, Indonesia wereat a moderate level. Regarding dietary behaviors scales, almost all items were at a moderatelevel. However, recognizing and consuming the amount of calorie needs was at a low level.Further research is needed in terms of dietary self-management by using an interventionapproach to improve the dietary behaviors of diabetic patients.Key words: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, dietary behaviors.

Development of Family-Based Dietary Self-Management Support Program on Dietary Behaviors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia: A Literature Review Aklima, Aklima; Kritpracha, Charuwan; Thaniwattananon, Ploenpit
Nurse Media Journal of Nursing Vol 2, No 2 (2012): (DECEMBER 2012)
Publisher : Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University

Background: WHO statistics show that Indonesia has the fourth highest number of diabetes sufferers. The International Diabetes Federationâ€Ÿs 5th estimated that in 2011 there were 71.4 million people in South East Asia region were suffering with DM Purpose: To develop a family-based dietary self-management support program to improve dietary behaviors in patients with T2DM. Method: A literature review was conducted by reviewing articles related evidence-based practices. Only articles in the English and Indonesian languages were reviewed. The search found eleven published experimental studies related to the topic. Result: Even though dietary self-management has benefits for patients with diabetes, many studies have found that these patients often have difficulty in establishing or maintaining an effective program to self-manage their dietary behaviors. Lack of family support is one factor that often seems to be related to such failures. Family participation in a diabetes education program also had positive psychosocial impacts. Otherwise, another study found that family might not always have a positive impact on self-management. Therefore, this review recommends that development of a family-based support program could be a positive factor in helping to improve dietary self-management behaviors in patients with T2DM. Self-management theory by Funnell and Andersonâ€Ÿs work (2004) can guide the development of a program with the goal of empowering individuals and families in improving the patientâ€Ÿs dietary behaviors. The program consists of: (1) reflecting on current and/or past self-management experiences by listening to the patient about their dietary behaviors, (2) discussing the emotions and feelings of the patients, (3) engaging the patient in improving their situation by active listening and helping the patient reflect on their problems and identifying effective strategies, (4) providing information about dietary management and problem-solving strategies, and (5) goal-setting and action planning by assisting the patient to write the goals and action plan on a specially prepared form. All of these sessions would involve the patientâ€Ÿs family. Follow-up visits may be needed to evaluate the dietary behaviors of patients. Conclusion: The collaboration of patients, family and health care professionals can have a positive impact on the dietary self-management behaviors of patients with T2DM. Further study is needed, as there is a growing awareness of the important role in diabetes management of integrating family support into routine diabetes management. Key words: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, dietary behaviors, self-management, and family support.

Cardiac Rehabilitation Enhancing Programs in Patients with Myocardial Infarction: A literature Review Ahyana, Ahyana; Kritpracha, Charuwan; Thaniwattananon, Ploenpit
Nurse Media Journal of Nursing Vol 3, No 1 (2013): (JUNE 2013)
Publisher : Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University

Background: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a process that involves a multidisciplinary team of health professionals in order to optimize the status of patientsâ€™ physical, psychological, social, and vocational well being. The CR program has been proven to influence health outcomes in patients with cardiac diseases, particularly myocardial infarction (MI) and stable angina. However, patientsâ€™ compliance with cardiac rehabilitation programs remains a challenge.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to review and identify interventions that enhance cardiac rehabilitation behaviors in MI patients.Method: A literature review was conducted by analyzing related research reports published since 2000 to 2012. Only English language articles were included.Result: There were 10 experimental studies and 2 meta-analysis studies. Interventions widely used to enhance cardiac rehabilitation behaviors in MI patients were self-efficacy and self management derived programs. These programs involved interventions that enhance cardiac rehabilitation behaviors, including training exercise, behavioral change, education and psychological support, and lifestyle changing strategies. None have reported the use of culturally tailored intervention. Four phases of cardiac rehabilitation were accepted as each phase represents a different aspect of care: inpatient care, early post discharge period, exercise training, and long term follow up. Critical factors for patients in maintaining an optimum health condition after a cardiac event are, in order, status of patientâ€™s physical, psychological, social, and vocational well being.Conclusion: Cardiac Rehabilitation program has been shown to improve quality of life and decrease mortality in MI patients. The development of culturally specific interventions to increase cardiac rehabilitation behaviors will provide a significant improvement for cardiac patientâ€™s care that ultimately results in better health outcomes. Health care professionals should be involved in CR programs in order to enhance patientsâ€™ performance in CR behaviors; moreover, further study is also needed to examine the existing intervention studies to improve the CR program.Keywords: cardiac rehabilitation, attendance, behaviors, outcomes, secondary prevention and myocardial infarction (MI).

Dyspnea Experience and Dyspnea Management in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Bangladesh Parveen, Shahanaz; Thaniwattananon, Ploenpit; Matchim, Yaowarat
Nurse Media Journal of Nursing Vol 4, No 1 (2014): (JUNE 2014)
Publisher : Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate dyspnea experience and dyspnea management intervention used by Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients in Bangladesh.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. The symptom management model developed by Dodd et al. was used to guide the study. Data were collected from 140 COPD patients by using self-report questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data.Results: The patients perceived dyspnea difficulty within the past 24 hours and within the past 7 days at moderate level. The most used dyspnea management methods included bronchodilators, leaning forward position, and keeping still. The patients perceived bronchodilators as somewhat effective method and perceived leaning forward position as quite a bit effective method in reducing dyspnea.Conclusion: The study could guide nurses to promote dyspnea management intervention for COPD patients in Bangladesh, in order to enhance higher quality of life.

Dietary Behaviors among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Primanda, Yanuar; Kritpracha, Charuwan; Thaniwattananon, Ploenpit
Nurse Media Journal of Nursing Vol 1, No 2 (2011): (DECEMBER 2011)
Publisher : Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Purpose: To describe dietary behaviors and examine relationships between selected factors and dietary behaviors among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Method: Seventy T2DM patients from a hospital in Yogyakarta who met the inclusion criteria were recruited. Patient’s dietary behaviors were measured by the Dietary Behaviors Questionnaire developed for this study with adequate reliability. The questionnaire comprised of four dimensions: recognizing the amount of calorie needs, selecting healthy diet, arranging a meal plan, and managing dietary behaviors challenges. Higher scores indicate better dietary behaviors.Result: More than half of the patients were women (54.3%) with an average age of 56.8 years and diabetes duration of 9.7 years. The results revealed a moderate level of the total score of dietary behaviors. Considering each dimension, the results showed a moderate level of recognizing the amount of calorie needs, selecting healthy diet, and managing dietary behaviors challenges. The patients reported a high level of arranging meal plans. Pearson’s correlation was used to examine the relationships between selected factors and dietary behaviors. There was a positive significant relationship between the knowledge regarding diabetic diet and the total dietary behaviors scores (r = .36, p< .01). There were positive significant relationships between the knowledge regarding diabetic diet and the dimensions of recognizing the amount of calorie needs (r = .27, p< .05), selecting healthy diet (r = .35, p< .01), and managing dietary behaviors challenges (r = .28, p< .05). In contrast, the findings indicated no significant relationship between knowledge regarding diabetic diet and arranging a meal plan dimension. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between the diabetes duration and dietary behaviors.Conclusion: Dietary behaviors among T2DM patients in Yogyakarta were at a moderate level. Knowledge regarding diabetic diet is essential. Further study regarding intervention in increasing patients’ knowledge is needed to achieve better dietary behaviors.Keywords: Dietary behaviors, type 2 diabetes mellitus, knowledge, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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