Kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis masih rendah. Perlu upaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, diantaranya menggunakan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share dan Problem Based Learning. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui peningkatan dan kualitas peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman matematis siswa dengan kedua model pembelajaran tersebut. Metode penelitian adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan populasi seluruh siswa kelas VII salah satu SMP Negeri di Garut. Sampel dipilih secara acak yaitu kelas VII-G sebagai kelas eksperimen I dan kelas VII-H sebagai kelas eksperimen II. Instrumen berupa tes uraian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan dan kualitas peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa yang mendapatkan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share lebih baik daripada Problem Based Learning. Model pembelajaran Think Pair Share lebih direkomendasikan untuk diterapkan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis. The ability to understand mathematical concepts is still low. Efforts are needed to overcome these problems, including using the Think Pair Share and Problem Based Learning learning models. The research was conducted to determine the improvement and quality of the improvement in students' mathematical understanding abilities with the two learning models. The research method is quasi-experimental with a population of all seventh-grade students of one of the public junior high schools in Garut. Samples were chosen randomly, namely class VII-G as experimental class I and class VII-H as experimental class II. The instrument is a description test. The results showed that the improvement and quality of the improvement in the ability to understand mathematical concepts of students who received the Think Pair Share learning model was better than Problem Based Learning. Think Pair Share learning model is more recommended to be applied in improving the ability to understand mathematical concepts.