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All Journal SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi Perspektif : Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri Perspektif, Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri
Valeriana Darwis
Peneliti di Pusat Analisis Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian, Bogor
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education

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Revitalisasi Kelembagaan Kemitraan Usaha dalam Pembangunan Agribisnis Hortikultura di Provinsi Sumatera Utara Valeriana Darwis; Endang Lestari Hastuti; Supena Friyatno
Forum penelitian Agro Ekonomi Vol 24, No 2 (2006): Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/fae.v24n2.2006.123-134

Abstract

EnglishFor market oriented of agricultural development, agribusiness scheme is the most appropriate option. Partnership pattern in agribusiness scheme is one of the alternatives to achieve successful performance. This article aims to introduce the application of partnership pattern on horticultural crops in North Sumatera Province. The current partnership pattern in horticultural production centers is generally developed locally, applying nucleus-plasma pattern, and pattern introduced by the intervention of the government. The locally established partnership pattern was developed based on the common needs and, therefore, this pattern has been institutionalized due to the increasing trustworthy and honesty among the members.  Meanwhile the nucleus-plasma pattern is carried out and controlled by formal rules and regulations which are agreed and approved by the members.  On the other hand, the partnership pattern introduced by the government is designed to support rural development programs.  However, the pattern faces various constraints in internalizing the concept.  There is an assumption that the government aid and support is treated as grant with no obligation to repay.  In this regard, the role of the government and coordination among the related institutions should be intensified and improved.IndonesianPada usaha pertanian berorientasi pasar, pendekatan yang sesuai adalah agribisnis. Kemitraan di antara pelaku usaha di bidang agribisnis merupakan salah satu cara untuk memperbesar peluang keberhasilan. Tulisan ini menggambarkan kemitraan hortikultura yang ada di Provinsi Sumatera Utara dalam upaya menyempurnakan serta merevitalisasi kemitraan yang pernah dikembangkan. Pola kemitraan yang ada di sentra produksi hortikultura umumnya bersifat lokal, pola inti-plasma, dan bentukan pemerintah. Kemitraan usaha yang bersifat lokal terbentuk karena adanya kebutuhan bersama dari pelaku kemitraaan usaha, sehingga relatif melembaga karena adanya nilai-nilai kepercayaan dan kejujuran. Kemitraan usaha dengan pola inti plasma diatur dan dikontrol oleh aturan-aturan yang bersifat formal, yang telah disetujui dan ditandatangani bersama. Pola kemitraan yang dibentuk oleh pemerintah terutama bertujuan sesuai dengan program pembangunan pedesaan, dan sampai saat ini tampaknya relatif sulit melembaga. Hal ini antara lain disebabkan adanya anggapan bahwa setiap bantuan yang diberikan oleh pemerintah merupakan hibah, sehingga tidak perlu dikembalikan. Oleh karena itu peran pemerintah harus ditingkatkan dan koordinasi antar lembaga terkait lebih diintensifkan.
Kebijakan Distribusi, Tingkat Harga dan Penggunaan Pupuk di Tingkat Petani Valeriana Darwis; Ahmad Rozany Nurmanaf
Forum penelitian Agro Ekonomi Vol 22, No 1 (2004): Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/fae.v22n1.2004.63-73

Abstract

EnglishVarious government policies on fertilizer distribution aim at improving distribution efficiency. However, fertilizer scarcity is commonly found and the farmers frequently get difficulty in purchasing the required fertilizer. Some cases indicate that fertilizer scarcity is due to abnormal distribution. The farmers have to buy fertilizer much more expensively mainly since fertilizer price subsidy was abolished. In general, fertilizer price is not the main factor determining fertilizer application rate. More determining factors in fertilizer application rate are agricultural product selling price, capital availability, and soil fertility.IndonesianBerbagai kebijakan distribusi pupuk yang dikeluarkan pemerintah selama ini secara umum bertujuan untuk lebih meningkatkan efisiensi dalam distribusi. Namun, pada kenyataannya masih dijumpai berbagai kasus terjadinya kelangkaan pupuk, dimana petani kesulitan mendapatkan pupuk pada saat membutuhkan. Dari beberapa kasus mengindikasikan bahwa kelangkaan pupuk terjadi akibat sistem distribusi yang tidak berjalan sebagaimana seharusnya. Akibat lainnya adalah  petani harus membeli pupuk dengan harga lebih mahal, terlebih semenjak diberlakukannya kebijakan pengurangan dan penghapusan subsidi harga pupuk. Secara umum, harga pupuk bukan menjadi faktor utama yang mempengaruhi tingkat penggunaan pupuk pada petani. Faktor-faktor yang lebih menentukan adalah harga jual produk pertanian, kemampuan menyediakan modal, dan kesuburan lahan yang dimiliki petani.
Pengentasan Kemiskinan: Upaya yang Telah dilakukan dan Rencana Waktu Mendatang Valeriana Darwis; A. Rozany Nurmanaf
Forum penelitian Agro Ekonomi Vol 19, No 1 (2001): Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/fae.v19n1.2001.55-67

Abstract

EnglishDue to the extended economic crisis, the number of people living in poverty, which have been in decline, has risen again sharply. Many poverty-alleviation efforts have been implemented to assist people which have been worst affected by the crisis. However, the efforts have encountered various constraints in the field, reducing their effectiveness. This is in part because the efforts have been based on inaccurate information/data. Therefore, for the future, there is a need to revise and make more realistic plans. Future plans and or policies should be made more effective and targeted to improve the lives of the poor. IndonesianAkibat terjadi krisis ekonomi yang berkepanjangan, jumlah penduduk miskin yang telah berhasil ditekan, kembali meningkat dengan cepat. Upaya-upaya pengentasan kemiskinan memang telah banyak dilakukan terutama untuk membantu anggota masyarakat  yang terpuruk akibat krisis. Akan tetapi, di lapangan masih di temukan berbagai hambatan yang mengakibatkan program yang di laksanakan tidak berjalan secara optimal. Hal ini disebabkan antara lain perencanaan yang tidak sepenuhnya didasarkan pada informasi/ data yang akurat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan perencanaan ulang yang lebih realistis. Dengan demikian, pelaksanaan program serupa di masa mendatang dapat diharapkan lebih efektif dan membuahkan hasil yang mampu memperbaiki nasib masyarakat miskin.
KINERJA DAN PERSPEKTIF AGRIBISNIS LADA DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI / Performance and Perpective Agribusiness of Agribusiness In Efforts to Increase Farmer Welfare Andi Amran Sulaiman; Valeriana Darwis
Perspektif Vol 17, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/psp.v17n1.2018.52-66

Abstract

ABSTRAKIndonesia pernah menjadi negara peringkat pertama sebagai produsen lada dunia dan pada tahun 2017 kontribusi lada Indonesia terhadap lada dunia sebesar 19% dibawah kontribusi Vietnam sebesar 27%. Agar bisa mempertahankan peringkat atau meraih kembali sebagai produsen tertinggi dunia, maka produksi lada harus ditingkatkan. Disisi lain perlu dioptimalkan kinerja agribisnis lada dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan petaninya. Tulisan ini mempergunakan data sekunder dari BPS, IPC dan Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan Kementerian Pertanian. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif. Produksi lada bisa ditingkatkan dengan cara: (1) penambahan luas areal berdasarkan pedoman teknis yang sudah dibuat oleh Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan dan (2) peningkatan produktivitas lada yang masih dibawah rata-rata 1 ton/ha atau jauh dibawah Vietnam (3,2 ton/ha) melalui penerapan budidaya berdasarkan Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) dan Good Manufacture Practices (GMP)  terutama dalam: (i) peningkatan sosialisasi dan pemakaian bibit unggul yang sudah dirilis oleh Litbang Kementan atau bibit lokal yang sudah memperhatikan mutu genetis, mutu fisik dan mutu fisiologis.  (ii) Jenis dan dosis pupuk hendaknya memperhatikan jenis tanah dan umur tanaman. (iii) Lebih disarankan mempergunakan tajar hidup, karena bisa memperpanjang umur ekonomis tanaman lada. Adapun peningkatan kinerja agribisnis lada dimulai dari: (i) peningkatan mutu produk dengan memperbaiki teknologi pasca panen khususnya mempergunakan alat pengolahan dalam perontokkan, pengupasan dan pengeringan lada. (ii) Penerapan standar SNI dalam perdagangan lada dimulai dari tingkat petani. Tujuannya agar petani dapat menjual lada sesuai dengan mutu produk yang dihasilkan. (iii) Memperpendek rantai pasar dengan cara membuat kerjasama perdagangan antara petani dengan pedagang besar atau eksportir. (iv) Petani tidak menjual lada dalam bentuk primer. (v) Untuk stabilisasi harga lada disarankan pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan resi gudang.ABSTRACTIndonesia has been the first country to rank as a world pepper producer and by 2017 Indonesia pepper contribution to the world pepper by 19% under Vietnam's contribution by 27%. In order to maintain a rank or regain as the world's highest producer, pepper production must be improved. On the other hand need to be optimized pepper agribusiness performance in improving the welfare of the farmers. This paper uses secondary data from BPS, IPC and Directorate General of Plantation Ministry of Agriculture. The collected data was analyzed by descriptive method. The production of pepper can be increased by (1) additional area based on technical guideline made by Directorate General of Plantation and (2) increase of pepper productivity which is still below average 1 ton/ha or far below Vietnam (3.2 ton/ha ) through the application of cultivation based on Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) and Good Manufacture Practices (GMP), especially in: (i) enhancement of socialization and use of superior seeds that have been released by Research and Development of the Ministry of Agriculture or local seedlings that have paid attention to genetic quality, physical quality and physiological quality. (ii) The type and dosage of fertilizer should consider soil type and plant age. (iii) It is advisable to use live supports, because it can extend the economic life of pepper plants. The improvement of pepper agribusiness performance starts from: (i) improvement of product quality by improving post harvest technology especially using processing tool in threshing, peeling and drying of pepper. (ii) Implementation of SNI standard in pepper trade starting from farmer level. The goal is that farmers can sell pepper in accordance with the quality of the resulting product. (iii) Shortening the market chain by making trade cooperation between farmers and wholesalers or exporters. (iv) Farmers do not sell pepper in primary form. (v) For the stabilization of the price of pepper it is recommended that the government adopt a warehouse receipt policy. 
KARAKTERISTIK PETANI MISKIN DAN PERSEPSINYA TERHADAP PROGRAM JARING PENGAMAN SOSIAL DI PROPINSI JAWA TIMUR ROOSGANDHA E.M.; VALERIANA DARWIS
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 3, No. 2 Juli 2003
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

One of the economic crisis impacts was the increasing of poverty population inIndonesia, according to the BPS data in last year of 1998 the poverty in habitant wasabout 49,5 milions people. To minimize the growth of poverty, the government haslaunched Social Safety Net ( SSN ) Program. This article was to identify whatcharacteristics that stick of the poor family and how their perception on the SSNProgram. The survey was carried out on 160 respondents in two regencies in EastJava. The survey result showed of the poor family members were low educationallevel and they were dominantly engaged in agricultural sector. In participating withthe SSN program, their mostly conducted whatever the government told, becausethey didn’t know much about the program afterall. Eventhough there were severalweaknesses, but they still enjoyed out could and hoped the program would besustained.
PERAN NILAI TUKAR PETANI DAN NILAI TUKAR KOMODITAS DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI KEDELAI (Studi Kasus: Propinsi Jawa Timur) ROOSGANDHA ELIZABETH; VALERIANA DARWIS
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 6, No. 1 Februari 2006
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

Based on the main objective of agricultural development in this case, which are toincrease the prospering of farmers and peasants life, its role are in: 1)setting and builtin the “PDB”; 2)increasing the state income; 3)providing the job opportunities,especially for farmers and peasants. The objectives of this research were to: (a)describe soy-bean agribusiness performance; (b) analyze soy-bean’s term of trade;(c)influencing factors on terms of trade; (d) identifying the agricultural developmentimpact on farmers terms of trade and soy-bean terms of trade. The result of this studyamong other things: 1) the cost for purchasing inputs was smaller compared to thatlabor’s terms of trade; 2) the R/C ratio of soy-bean farming development showedbeneficial in large scale; 3) adopted soy-bean farming technology, production inputand productivity level were such of internal factors; 4) market system was such ofexternal, influence for farmer’s bargaining position. Therefore in order to meet thatobjective and to fulfill those rules, in formulation of many policies, the terms of tradeand soy-bean terms of trade is used to be one of main considerations.
AKTIVITAS DAN SUMBER PENDAPATAN PETANI MISKIN BERLAHAN SEMPIT DI DAERAH SAWAH TADAH HUJAN DATARAN RENDAH (Kasus: Dua Desa di Kabupaten Bojonegoro ) VALERIANA DARWIS; A. ROZANY NURMANAF
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 4, No. 3 November2004
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

There were several criteria that stick on a poor family, which are law educational level, thebiggest proportion of their income from the farming activity and the small farm landownership. Commonly the poor farm household in the study location owned a plot of rainfedand a plot of upland which avarage about 0.279 ha and 0.2 ha. The cropping patern on rainfedwas rice and secondary crops was tobacco. By existing planted area their minimal livingrequirement mostly couldn’t be fulfilled and needed other sources. Income from farmingactivity in the last year was 42.77 percent and the other 57.23 percent came from nonagricultural sector. Although allocated time was greater in farming activity, however theincome was lower than from non agricultural https://www.budidayatani.com. To alleviate poverty mainly of those smallscale farmer, an increasing water resourse was required in order to increase land productivity.Besides, quidance of farming technology practices and support were require sector.
KERAGAAN BENIH HORTIKULTURA DI TINGKAT PRODUSEN DAN KONSUMEN (Studi kasus : Bawang merah, Cabai merah, Kubis dan Kentang) VALERIANA DARWIS; BAMBANG IRAWAN; CHAERUL MUSLIM
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 4, No. 2 Juli 2004
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

Seed and seedling is one of main factors in determining the product of horticultural crops. Theuse seed production on horticultural crops, could be produced by government institution orprivate sector. In the last 21 years (1980 – 2001) the government has released 183 improvedvariety of vegetables, including 26 red onion, red chili, cabbage and potato. These number ismuch Owen compared to number of improved variety of crops. For instance 105 newimproved varieties for rice, 50 varieties for corn and 33 varieties for soybean. The role ofprivate sectors on the horticultural seed is much more dominant to the high demandcommodities and cannot be produced by the farmers it can be seen on the production of redchili seed compared to three other commodities. The performance of seed on the levelconsumer, represented by the farmers in the area production central, namely red onion, redchili in the central Java Province, and potato and cabbage in North Sumatera Province. Thefindings of the study are : the farmers are influencing by the group on the selection of seed tobe use, the role of field extension worker is very limited, the seed has been use by the farmersbefore introducing by government, at any planting time the farmers not always use a newseed, even there are some farmers never used improved variety of potato.
PERSPEKTIF AGRIBISNIS KAKAO DI SULAWESI TENGGARA (Studi kasus Kabupaten Kolaka) VALERIANA DARWIS; NUR KHOIRIYAH AGUSTIN
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol. 5, No. 3 November 2005
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

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Abstract

Disease-pest attack is extremely affected cocoa harvesting. This paper also study cocoaagribusiness in Kolaka District, South-East Sulawesi which focused on production, price,marketing and institution aspects. The result shows production reduced 40 – 50 percentbecause of disease-pest attack, there is no price differentiation on fermented cocoa andunfermented cocoa, price transformation faster received to farmer when cocoa price reduced,the farmers which near subdistrict market are more free to sell their cocoa, and the farmer lessaccess to inventory cooperative.
The Benefits and Problems in the Implementation of the Special Effort of Rice, Corn, Soybean Production Enhancement Program Valeriana Darwis; Chairul Muslim; Yonas Hangga Saputra
SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol 14 No 3 (2020): Vol.14, No.3, 2020
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana Jalan PB.Sudirman Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Telp: (0361) 223544 Email: soca@unud.ac.id

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (448.855 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/SOCA.2020.v14.i03.p03

Abstract

The Special Efforts of Rice, Corn and Soybean Production Enhancement Program has been performed since 2015 and in its implementation several benefits and problems have been identified. The aim of this research was to identify the benefits, problems as well as the adoption and feedback of the application of technological innovation in East Java Province. The survey was conducted in June 2019 with data and information analysis conducted descriptively with the discussion utilized the deepening results through focus group discussion. The deepening results showed the benefits of participating in the program, which were: increased institutional activity, increased knowledge, and increased productivity. On the other hand, the problems were: the recipient was not in accordance with CPCL/prospective farmers and location; seed aid was not enough, it was not as expected and it was too late; Agricultural machine tools aid was still less and the size did not match the cultivated land. The expected feedbacks from technological innovation side were: (i) seed varieties aid adjusted to the location and farmers expectation also the arrival has to be on time and right amount; (ii) agricultural machine tools aid was not only for rice, the type and size of the agricultural machine tools followed the conditions of farmers' land and training for the operators who operate it.
Co-Authors A. Rozany Nurmanaf Ahmad Rozany Nurmanaf Andi Amran Sulaiman Benny Rachman CHAERUL MUSLIM Chairul Muslim Endang Lestari Hastuti Jamhari Jamhari NUR KHOIRIYAH AGUSTIN ROOSGANDHA E.M. ROOSGANDHA ELIZABETH Supena Friyatno Yonas Hangga Saputra