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All Journal ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences
Sulistiono Sulistiono
Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University
Earth & Planetary Sciences

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Heavy Metals (Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu) in Greenback Mullets (Planiliza subviridis Valenciennes, 1836) from Bojonegara coastal waters, Banten Bay, Indonesia Ghinarrahmi Afiyatillah; Sulistiono Sulistiono; Sigid Hariyadi; Charles PH Simanjuntak; Etty Riani; Rita Rostika; Sonja Kleinertz
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 27, No 2 (2022): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.27.2.169-180

Abstract

Waste from industrial activities can be a source of pollution for the waters of Banten Bay. One source of these pollutants are heavy metals. High concentrations of heavy metals in waters can pollute the aquatic environment, endangering all organisms. Heavy metals can accumulate in aquatic environments and living organisms such as fish. The greenback mullet Planiliza subviridis (Valenciennes, 1836) is known as a fish for human consumption. Heavy metals that are contained in mullets can move to a higher trophic level within the food chain and endanger the health of humans. This study aims to analyze the accumulation of heavy metals, such as Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu, in the flesh of greenback mullets at Bojonegara Waters of Banten Bay. The research was carried out for five months (August - October 2020 and March - April 2021). Samplings were taken from Terate River and Wadas River, which are mullet fishing areas and natural habitats of these mullets. Data analysis consisted of descriptive and quantitative analyses. The results showed that the Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu contents were below the quality standards based on Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia (PP RI) No. 22 of 2021. The greenback mullets have experienced a moderate accumulation rate. The different rates of Cu metal accumulation in each month indicate a variation in catches with low to moderate accumulation rates. The water conditions in Bojonegara can still be seen as tolerable and still suitable for mullets usable for human consumption in a reasonable amount. Monitoring and evaluation activities need to be carried out periodically for the management of the aquatic environment in Bojonegara.
Reproductive Biology of the Rivulated Parrotfish (Scarus rivulatus) in the Seribu Islands: Fecundity, Sex Ratio, Gonadosomatic Index, and Spawning Patterns Asri Yanti; Sulistiono Sulistiono; Ali Mashar; Nurfajar Nurfajar; Sebastian C..A. Ferse; Ambo Tuwo
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 30, No 4 (2025): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.30.4.544-556

Abstract

Scarus rivulatus is a protogynous hermaphroditic parrotfish closely associated with coral reefs and plays an important ecological role in maintaining reef health through grazing activities. However, information on its reproductive biology in the Seribu Islands, Jakarta, Indonesia, remains limited, although such knowledge is important for sustainable fisheries management. This study aimed to examine the sex ratio, gonadosomatic index (GSI), fecundity, and spawning pattern of S. rivulatus. A total of 2,425 specimens were collected monthly from January to December 2022. Sex identification was based on body coloration and morphology and confirmed by gonadal examination, with individuals classified as female, initial-phase (IP) male, or terminal-phase (TP) male. Total length and body weight were measured, and gonads were analyzed to determine sex, GSI, fecundity, oocyte diameter distribution, and histological characteristics. The overall sex ratio was 1:0.8 (male:female), with females dominating smaller size classes and males occupying larger ones, indicating a protogynous reproductive strategy. GSI values varied throughout the year, with spawning peaks in February, September, and December. Fecundity ranged from 17,013 to 178,813 oocytes and showed positive correlations with total length and body weight. Oocyte diameter distribution and histological observations indicated asynchronous ovarian development, suggesting partial spawning and gradual oocyte release throughout the year. These results highlight the importance of protecting larger individuals and applying seasonal closures and size-based harvesting regulations to maintain population sustainability. This study provides baseline data that can support future management efforts, and further research should explore sex transition processes and larval recruitment dynamics to strengthen ecosystem-based fisheries approaches.
Co-Authors Ali Mashar Ambo Tuwo Asri Yanti Charles Parningotan Haratua Simanjuntak Etty Riani Ghinarrahmi Afiyatillah Nurfajar Nurfajar Rita Rostika Sebastian C..A. Ferse Sigid Hariyadi Sonja Kleinertz