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April H. Wardhana

Balai Besar Penelitian Veteriner Bogor Jl R.E. Martadinata No. 30, Bogor

Author-ID : 412671

Veterinary

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Evaluation of mating behaviour and mating compatibility methods for the Old World screwworm fly, Chrysomya bezziana. Wardhana, April H.; MM, Cameron; S, Muharsini; MJR, Hall
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The effectiveness of the Sterile Insect Technique program (SIT) to eradicate pest insects relies on the success of mating competitiveness between irradiated male flies and wild type males for the wild type females. It has been successfully applied for the New World screwworm fly (NWSF), Cochliomyia hominivorax but remains unproven for the Old World screwworm fly (OWSF), Chrysomya bezziana. The aim of the study was to develop methods for investigating mating behaviour and mating compatibility of C. bezziana under laboratory conditions. Two methods were used for studying mating: individual mating (method 1) and group mating (method 2). The flies used in this study were 5-7 days old. Twenty four hours after emergence, adult flies were sexed and placed into different cages until studied. The female : male ratio in the group mating was 1 : 5 and the males were marked by painting a dot on the thorax using different oil colours. Observation of mating behaviour was investigated every 30 minutes through 10-20 replications for all methods depending on the availability of flies. Data were analysed using ANOVA and the Studentâs t-test, with significance demonstrated at the 95% confidence level. The results demonstrated that the frequency of contacts between males and females at different ages was a significantly different (p < 0.05) and that the duration of copulation was not significantly affected by fly age both method 1 (p > 0.05) and method 2 (p > 0.05). Copulation was only initiated following longer periods of contact, mainly in the range of 270-449 seconds. The highest frequency of copulation occurred between 7-8 days, but the duration of mating was similar between 5-8 days old. The study demonstrated that the methods developed were suitable for a mating compatibility study of C. bezziana. Key Words: Chrysomya bezziana, Mating Behaviour, Copulation, Myiasis

Geographical characteristics of Chrsyomya bezziana based on external morphology study Wardhana, April H.; Muharsini, S; Ready, P.D; Cameron, M.M; Hall, M.J.R
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Correct identification of Chrysomya bezziana is a fundamental step to evaluate the successfulness of the eradication program based on Sterile Insect Techinque (SIT). However, geographical variation of the fly is being controversial among scientists. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of preservation method on visualisation of characters of external morphology and to analyse geographical variation of C. bezziana populations throughout their distribution regions. A total of 88 flies collected from 7 populations in Indonesia, 2 populations in Africa and each 1 population from Oman, India, Malaysia and Papua New Guinea (PNG) were tested in the study. All larvae were removed from natural myiasis cases. The larvae were reared at laboratory until they became adult flies. The samples were preserved into two methods, wet (80% ethanol) and dried (pin) methods. Ten external characters of head and body were observed.Â Data were subjected to principal components and hierarchical cluster analyses in UNISTATÃ software. The Euclid distance measure was used for the cluster analysis, and the linking method used was the unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA), to compute the distance between clusters. Results indicated that dried preservation (pinned samples) provided better external character than ethanol preservation. Based on external morphology of adult stages revealed that C. bezziana occurs as two geographical races, African and Asian races. There was no geographical variation of C. bezziana throughout Indonesian archipelago, except for the population from PNG forming its own cluster. Key Words: Myiasis, Chrysomya bezziana, Morphology, Geographical Variaton

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