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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Engineering Science Letter
Safarudin Gazali Herawan
Bina Nusantara University, Indonesia
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Transportation

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A Review of automotive green technology: Potential of butanol as biofuel in gasoline engine Sri Mumpuni Ngesti Rahayu; April Lia Hananto; Safarudin Gazali Herawan; Muhammad Zacky Asy'ari; Ahmed Sule; Muhammad Idris; Dhany Hermansyah; Shuaibu Alani Balogun; Esam Abu Baker Ali
Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 2 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/mesi.7155

Abstract

In comparison to ethanol biofuel, butanol is considerably less corrosive, permitting the utilization of existing infrastructures used to ship gasoline or diesel for its distribution. Less corrosive also means that butanol can be utilized with no engine alteration. If butanol is mixed with water, it is less likely to split from the main fuel, thus facilitating the storage and distribution of blended fuels. Butanol also comprises a comparable energy content to petrol fuel, with 25% more energy density/liter as opposed to ethanol. All these excellent qualities have led to higher engine performance, enabling the vehicles to achieve higher mileage using butanol with no significant issue. Several challenges and future research directions are discussed and in the last section of this review article, we emphasize the importance of an optical engine to diagnose engine combustion in more detail. The consequence of using butanol on spark ignition engine on cold start and knock phenomena are also worth investigating. Results on the spray, the pressure inside the cylinder, rate of heat release, and detonation are thus required.
Empowering crop cultivation: harnessing internet of things for smart agriculture monitoring Alsayaydeh, Jamil Abedalrahim Jamil; Yusof, Mohd Faizal; Magenthiran, Mithilanandini S.; Hamzah, Rostam Affendi; Mustaffa, Izadora; Herawan, Safarudin Gazali
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 14, No 5: October 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v14i5.pp6023-6035

Abstract

Agriculture, the foundation of human civilization, has relied on manual practices in the face of unpredictable weather for millennia. The contemporary era, however, witnesses the transformative potential of the Internet of things (IoT) in agriculture. This paper introduces an innovative IoT-driven smart agriculture system empowered by Arduino technology, making a significant contribution to the field. It integrates key components: a temperature sensor, a soil moisture sensor, a light-dependent resistor, a water pump, and a Wi-Fi module. The system vigilantly monitors vital environmental parameters: temperature, light intensity, and soil moisture levels. Upon surpassing 30°C, an automatic cooling fan alleviates heat stress, while sub-300CD light levels trigger light-emitting diode lighting for optimal growth. Real-time soil moisture data is relayed to the “Blynk” mobile app. Temperature thresholds align with specific crops, and users can manage the water pump via Blynk when manual intervention is required. This work advances agricultural practices, optimizing water management by crop type. Through precise coordination of soil moisture, temperature, and light intensity, the system enhances productivity while conserving water resources and maintaining fertilizer balance.
Development and Evaluation of a Laminated Bamboo Frame for Electric Scooters: A Preliminary Prototype Herawan, Safarudin Gazali; Martalogawa, Ismail Azizi; Saputra, Azqy Nur Farenzy; Moenartioso, Ahmad Hanif; Ghazali, Ihwan
Engineering Science Letter Vol. 4 No. 03 (2025): Article in Press - Engineering Science Letter
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.esl.001314

Abstract

This study presents the design, fabrication, and evaluation of a hybrid electric scooter frame constructed from laminated Gombong bamboo and aluminium. The objective was to address environmental concerns in personal mobility by reducing reliance on high-carbon materials and improving battery safety. A CAD-based design was executed in Autodesk Inventor using bamboo beams for primary structure and aluminium joints for mechanical stability. Laminated bamboo was processed through drying, chemical treatment, and gluing. Mechanical properties were evaluated via tensile and compressive tests, achieving a tensile strength of 289 MPa. A 72V lithium-ion battery pack composed of 18650 cells was assembled with BMS integration. The resulting prototype exhibited a total frame weight of 4.8 kg and a 30 km range per charge. The integration of laminated bamboo with aluminum joints provides preliminary evidence of feasibility and highlights bamboo’s potential as a renewable material for lightweight mobility applications. These results provide an initial prototype-level demonstration of laminated bamboo as a viable material for sustainable transport applications.
Co-Authors Ahmed Sule Alsayaydeh, Jamil Abedalrahim Jamil April Lia Hananto Dhany Hermansyah Esam Abu Baker Ali Hamzah, Rostam Affendi Ihwan Ghazali Magenthiran, Mithilanandini S. Martalogawa, Ismail Azizi Moenartioso, Ahmad Hanif Muhammad Idris Muhammad Zacky Asy'ari Mustaffa, Izadora Saputra, Azqy Nur Farenzy Shuaibu Alani Balogun Sri Mumpuni Ngesti Rahaju Yusof, Mohd Faizal