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All Journal Jurnal Ilmiah HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATION, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, AND OTHERS
Risalatu Mirajiah
International Women University
Computer Science & IT Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences

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Faktor Internal dan Faktor Eksternal yang Mempengaruhi Terjadinya Demokratisasi di Myanmar Mirajiah, Risalatu
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol 9, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (605.832 KB) | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v9i2.1048.%p

Abstract

Abstract: Democratization in Myanmar has drawn international attention, when on April 1, 2012military junta held a free, fair general election. The success of Myanmar in holding the general electionwould become a new era of changes that was occurring domestically. Positive responses on thechanges were shown by not only Myanmars people but also the whole international comunities whichhad previously pressured the state due to various violations of human right and democracy. Basically,some democratizing efforts had begun since the government drafted a new constitution in 2008, up tothe winning of Thein Sein as President in the 2010 preliminary elections. Under Thein Sein leadership,there have been much changes leading to democracy, such as the achievement of ceasefire, economicimprovement, the release of political detainees, mass media freedom, general elections, and thereestablishment of parliamentary functions. The question in this paper was, “How these internal andexternal factors influence the occurrence of democratization in Myanmar?” In this paper, the writerdrew on the theories of democratization in describing the internal and external factors that haveinfluence on the occurrence of democratization, by the three approaches, namely, modernization,transition, and structural approaches, from David Potter. The paper results indicated that the aim of themilitary junta at implementing the democratization was due to some internal factors in a domesticscope, predominated by domestic actors, and some external factors in a framework of democratizationwaves by a reason of spreading or promoting democratic values, as well pressures and other sanctions.The entire threats have led to the decline of military junta legitimacy in political arena, and expulsionby international world. Therefore, the writer concluded that the relationship between the internalfactors and external factors would determine the continuity of democratization in Myanmar.Keywords : Democratization, Internal Factors, External Factors, Military Junta, Myanmar
China's Foreign Aid to Countries in Southeast Asia During The Covid-19 Pandemic Massa Risalatu Mirajiah
International Journal of Education, Information Technology, and Others Vol 5 No 3 (2022): International Journal of Education, information technology and others
Publisher : Peneliti.net

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6673150

Abstract

China is the country that has provided the most assistance during the Covid-19 pandemic to countries in the Southeast Asian Region. Some concrete efforts have been made by China such as diplomacy of masks, vaccines, and Medical Equipment and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) against all countries in the Southeast Asian region, including Indonesia, Laos, Cambodia and Myanmar. These countries believe that China's humanitarian assistance is very much needed in this Covid-19 pandemic situation. However, in the course of this series of efforts, it gave rise to speculative assumptions from the international community. So that in the end, from this paper the author tries to answer the question of what is behind China's efforts to make foreign aid efforts to countries in the Southeast Asian Region using the concept of foreign aid from Maria Andersson. Maria explained that there are humanitarian, economic and socio-political motives in influencing a country's foreign aid. This is what the author will explain in this paper, in an effort to answer questions related to China's background in expanding its humanitarian assistance in the Southeast Asian Region. It is hoped that this paper can be used as a comparative material for similar research and as a contribution to ideas for interested parties.
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