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All Journal Jurnal Ilmiah HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATION, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, AND OTHERS Journal of Social Science Journal of Social Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice
Risalatu Mirajiah
International Women University
Computer Science & IT Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences

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Faktor Internal dan Faktor Eksternal yang Mempengaruhi Terjadinya Demokratisasi di Myanmar Mirajiah, Risalatu
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol 9, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (605.832 KB) | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v9i2.1048.%p

Abstract

Abstract: Democratization in Myanmar has drawn international attention, when on April 1, 2012military junta held a free, fair general election. The success of Myanmar in holding the general electionwould become a new era of changes that was occurring domestically. Positive responses on thechanges were shown by not only Myanmars people but also the whole international comunities whichhad previously pressured the state due to various violations of human right and democracy. Basically,some democratizing efforts had begun since the government drafted a new constitution in 2008, up tothe winning of Thein Sein as President in the 2010 preliminary elections. Under Thein Sein leadership,there have been much changes leading to democracy, such as the achievement of ceasefire, economicimprovement, the release of political detainees, mass media freedom, general elections, and thereestablishment of parliamentary functions. The question in this paper was, “How these internal andexternal factors influence the occurrence of democratization in Myanmar?” In this paper, the writerdrew on the theories of democratization in describing the internal and external factors that haveinfluence on the occurrence of democratization, by the three approaches, namely, modernization,transition, and structural approaches, from David Potter. The paper results indicated that the aim of themilitary junta at implementing the democratization was due to some internal factors in a domesticscope, predominated by domestic actors, and some external factors in a framework of democratizationwaves by a reason of spreading or promoting democratic values, as well pressures and other sanctions.The entire threats have led to the decline of military junta legitimacy in political arena, and expulsionby international world. Therefore, the writer concluded that the relationship between the internalfactors and external factors would determine the continuity of democratization in Myanmar.Keywords : Democratization, Internal Factors, External Factors, Military Junta, Myanmar
China's Foreign Aid to Countries in Southeast Asia During The Covid-19 Pandemic Massa Risalatu Mirajiah
International Journal of Education, Information Technology, and Others Vol 5 No 3 (2022): International Journal of Education, information technology and others
Publisher : Peneliti.net

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6673150

Abstract

China is the country that has provided the most assistance during the Covid-19 pandemic to countries in the Southeast Asian Region. Some concrete efforts have been made by China such as diplomacy of masks, vaccines, and Medical Equipment and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) against all countries in the Southeast Asian region, including Indonesia, Laos, Cambodia and Myanmar. These countries believe that China's humanitarian assistance is very much needed in this Covid-19 pandemic situation. However, in the course of this series of efforts, it gave rise to speculative assumptions from the international community. So that in the end, from this paper the author tries to answer the question of what is behind China's efforts to make foreign aid efforts to countries in the Southeast Asian Region using the concept of foreign aid from Maria Andersson. Maria explained that there are humanitarian, economic and socio-political motives in influencing a country's foreign aid. This is what the author will explain in this paper, in an effort to answer questions related to China's background in expanding its humanitarian assistance in the Southeast Asian Region. It is hoped that this paper can be used as a comparative material for similar research and as a contribution to ideas for interested parties.
Empowerment Women of Mekarmanik Village to Prevent Early through Balai Prima Women's School in 2020-2023 Sutantri, Sintia Catur; Wati, Risma; Mirajiah, Risalatu
Journal of Social Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Research Synergy Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31098/jsetp.v3i2.2482

Abstract

This research was motivated by the rampant phenomenon of early marriage in Indonesia, which has become a complex and controversial social issue. Early marriage was always associated with beliefs and traditions in a region with diverse cultures and religions. This study analyzes efforts to prevent early marriage in Mekarmanik Village, Cimenyan District, Bandung Regency through women's empowerment. The program used is the Balai Prima girls’ school, which provides non-formal education for adolescent girls aged 13-18 years. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, focusing on data collection and analysis, to shed light on the phenomenon of early marriage in local social, cultural, and economic contexts. The results show that non-formal education and women's empowerment can increase awareness about women's rights and the risks of early marriage, as well as provide practical skills that aid decision-making. The implementation of this program is in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially in terms of gender equality and improving the quality of education. Therefore, it is important to address early marriage, which involves education, empowerment, and social change.
Implementation of the Generation Gender (GEN-G) Rutgers Internasional Program in Gender Based Violence (GBV) Cases in Indonesia in 2023-2024 Utama, Agung Prija; Sutantri, Sintia Catur; Mirajiah, Risalatu; Nabila, Putri
Journal Of Social Science (JoSS) Vol 4 No 11 (2025): Journal of Social Science
Publisher : Al-Makki Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57185/skqk9b83

Abstract

Gender-Based Violence (GBV) remains a pervasive human rights violation globally and a critical barrier to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 5 on gender equality. In Indonesia, the high number of reported GBV cases underscores the urgent need for effective intervention strategies. This research examines the implementation of the Generation Gender (Gen-G) program initiated by Rutgers International in addressing Gender-Based Violence (GBV) in Indonesia during the 2023–2024 period. As a transnational advocacy initiative, the program seeks to promote gender justice through youth empowerment and the institutional strengthening of civil society organizations in Jakarta, Bandung, and Palu. Employing a qualitative descriptive method and grounded in Keck and Sikkink’s Transnational Advocacy Networks (TANs) theory, the research analyzes Rutgers’ strategic use of four key tactics: information politics, symbolic politics, leverage politics, and accountability politics. The findings reveal that Rutgers International has successfully established strategic advocacy networks with local actors such as Yayasan Gemilang Sehat Indonesia, Koalisi Perempuan Indonesia, and LBH APIK, enabling a context-specific and inclusive response to GBV. Despite these advances, structural barriers, deeply rooted patriarchal norms, and limited policy support remain significant challenges to full program effectiveness. This study underscores the critical role of transnational networks and multi-sectoral collaboration in advancing gender-sensitive policy reform and social transformation. Furthermore, it contributes to the broader discourse in international relations by highlighting the strategic influence of non-state actors in the diffusion of global gender norms at the local level.
Co-Authors Nabila, Putri Sutantri, Sintia Catur Utama, Agung Prija Wati, Risma