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All Journal The Way: Jurnal Teologi dan Kependidikan Manna Rafflesia IMMANUEL: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen
Hikman Sirait
Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Bethel The Way Jakarta
Religion Education

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PLEDOI PAULUS ATAS KERASULANNYA Edi Rundjan; Hikman Sirait; Finky Kantohe
The Way Jurnal Teologi dan Kependidikan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2019): The Way Jurnal Teologi dan Kependidikan
Publisher : STT Bethel The Way

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (122.674 KB) | DOI: 10.54793/teologi-dan-kependidikan.v5i2.7

Abstract

Some of the purposes of writing this research are to understand Paul's intentions in Galatians 1 and 2 of his Apostolic Pleidio; To find answers to problems and questions about Paul and his Apostleship. Because this question has major implications for understanding the Bible and also today's life; So that God's servants can make this research as a reference to understand the importance of accountability for the service of each person, so that the call can be more interpreted. The research method used is a qualitative method with a synchronous approach and uses library study (library research). A clear basis of service will lead to more effective service, it is also acceptable not to bring those served in the wrong direction. Apostles Called, Chosen and Sent directly by Jesus. The researcher found that, Paul's first defense of his apostolic validity was the basis of his calling, election and sending which he received directly from Jesus Christ. In the same section regarding the discussion of Galatians 1:13-24, Paul's apostolate not only theoretically he said was something he received directly from Jesus Christ, but he also testified of his personal encounter with Jesus was the starting point for Paul's conversion and the beginning of the apostolate is given. Paul fulfills the same apostolic criteria as the other apostles. The research tries to give an understanding of the importance of the responsibility of every servant of God for the call of service received and do in the life of a servant of the Lord by turning to Paul who is responsible for his legal call to questions that are doubtful his apostolate.
TINJAUAN ALKITABIAH ATAS KRISIS EKONOMI GLOBAL Hikman Sirait; Romika
The Way Jurnal Teologi dan Kependidikan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2020): The Way Jurnal Teologi dan Kependidikan
Publisher : STT Bethel The Way

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54793/teologi-dan-kependidikan.v6i1.12

Abstract

This purpose research be explore social reality based on actual problems. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method that is supported by historical methods. The results showed that the economic crisis during the Old Testament and the New Testament which was triggered by moral damage cannot be separated from the social structure of society at that time. The exploitation of the poor has become a common sight in the Ancient Near East including among the Hebrews. Rich people can't afford to buy other people's money. It was very apparent in the economic crisis, the chosen group took advantage of fellow Hebrew brothers. While the Law of Exodus and Holiness took loans given to the poor Hebrews asking for interest (Ex. 22:25; Lev. 25:37) and the rich Hebrews supported the lives of their poor fellow countrymen (Leviticus 25:35 -36 ). These two laws are guidelines for God's people who must be opposed and behave, that is, helping and arguing with one another (Matt. 18: 23-35; 1 John 4:11). The conclusion of the global economic crisis occurred because people of this age began to use a pattern that was used in the days of the Old Testament and the New Testament, namely the greedy nature that is more moral to build humans in developed countries. Morality is no longer a benchmark in carrying out economic activities, but is materialistic or obtaining wealth, and earns the maximum profit without considering the interests and needs of developing countries and poor countries.
Sacramentum vs Simulacrum: Kajian Dogmatis Perkawinan Kristen dan Realitas Sosial Lavender Marriage Yustinus Yustinus; Hikman Sirait; Tju Lie Lie
Immanuel: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen Vol 7, No 1 (2026): APRIL 2026
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46305/im.v7i1.585

Abstract

The phenomenon of lavender marriage has generally been examined within social and cultural frameworks, while its evaluation from the perspective of Christian dogmatic theology of marriage remains limited. This study aims to analyze lavender marriage through the conceptual framework of Sacramentum–Simulacrum in order to assess the integrity of marital relationships from the perspective of Genesis 1–2, Hosea 1–3, and Ezekiel 16. The analysis is conducted using a qualitative method with a theological-exegetical approach to formulate normative criteria for Christian marriage. The findings indicate that marriage as Sacramentum constitutes a covenantal unity encompassing essential, teleological, ethical, and sacramental dimensions, whereas lavender marriage operates as a Simulacrum that preserves the external form of marriage without embodying its relational meaning, particularly in terms of covenantal fidelity and openness. This distinction highlights the tension between social legitimacy and relational integrity in contemporary marital practices. This study contributes by formulating a systematic model of theological evaluation through the Sacramentum–Simulacrum dichotomy, while also providing a foundation for theological reflection and pastoral response within the church toward non-conventional forms of marriage. AbstrakFenomena Lavender marriage umumnya dikaji dalam kerangka sosial dan budaya, sementara evaluasi dalam perspektif teologi dogmatis perkawinan Kristen masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis Lavender marriage melalui kerangka konseptual Sacramentum–Simulacrum untuk menilai integritas relasi perkawinan dalam perspektif Kejadian 1–2, Hosea 1–3, dan Yehezkiel 16. Analisis dilakukan melalui metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan teologis-eksegetis untuk merumuskan kriteria normatif perkawinan Kristen. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa perkawinan sebagai Sacramentum merupakan kesatuan perjanjian yang mencakup dimensi hakiki, teleologis, etis, dan sakramental, sedangkan Lavender marriage beroperasi sebagai Simulacrum yang mempertahankan bentuk perkawinan tanpa menghadirkan makna relasionalnya, khususnya dalam kesetiaan perjanjian dan keterbukaan. Distingsi ini menegaskan ketegangan antara legitimasi sosial dan integritas relasi dalam praktik perkawinan kontemporer. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dengan merumuskan model evaluasi teologis yang sistematis melalui dikotomi Sacramentum–Simulacrum, sekaligus menyediakan dasar bagi refleksi teologis dan respons pastoral gereja terhadap fenomena perkawinan non-konvensional.
PENERAPAN AMANAT AGUNG DALAM KONTEKS KEMAJEMUKAN INDONESIA: SUATU PENDEKATAN INKLUSIF-TRANSFORMATIF Hikman Sirait; Suleman Lim
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i2.549

Abstract

Indonesia is a country with a highly diverse population. However, intolerance and radicalism frequently lead to horizontal conflicts. The aim of this research is to apply the Great Commission as a relevant framework for developing the Gospel message so that it may be accepted by Indonesia’s vast and diverse population. Employing a qualitative method with a literature review and descriptive data analysis approach, it can be concluded that Indonesia’s diversity does not render the Gospel unacceptable or a failure; but rather that the Gospel can be accepted in their own respective ways; thus, the integration of the Gospel and contextualisation must be harmonised so that the Gospel message aligns with cultural and ethnic contexts, whilst deep social ministry will facilitate serving as a bridge for those wishing to proclaim the Gospel to Indonesia’s diverse society.
Co-Authors Edi Rundjan Finky Kantohe Romika Suleman Lim Tju Lie Lie Yustinus Yustinus