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All Journal Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Norzehan Sakamat
Universiti Teknologi MARA
Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Structuring Elements of Hit or Miss to Identify Pattern of Benchmark Latin Alphabets Strokes Norzehan Sakamat; Noor Elaiza Abd Khalid; Inda Ishadah Nazrul Azha
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 12, No 1: October 2018
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp356-362

Abstract

Identification of features in correct alphabet stroke formation is a primary factor in acknowledging handwriting legibility. Hit–or-Miss transform is a morphology operator that is often applied to identify geometric features. Identifying the correct structuring elements (SEs) provides a good geometric feature extraction. Therefore this research proposes to identify generic SEs representing alphabet strokes. The handwriting font used is Syazalina83v3 which is  popularly use in teaching writing for lower primary school children in Malaysia. The methodology consists of four phases which are alphabet selection; image pre-processing; manual measurement and hit or miss algorithm with single and various combination of 2x2, 3x3 and 5x5 SE window size; and SEs performance using Pearson correlation.  The  combination of horizontal and vertical, right diagonal and left diagonal SEs performs well with very strong correlation in detecting  Simple Straight Line(SSL), Complex Straight Line(CSL) , Curve Line (CL) and Combination of Curve Line and Simple Straight Line(CLSSL) based on Evan’s correlation guide.
Smart pictorial dictionary via mobile augmented reality Nurul Asyiqin Khazali; Ismassabah Ismail; Norzehan Sakamat; Nurul Hidayah Mat Zain; Nor Azida Mohamed Noh; Norshahidatul Hasana Ishak
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 12, No 2: April 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v12i2.4009

Abstract

Augmented reality (AR) technology offers many benefits for language teaching and learning. Using the AR technique in pedagogy attracts and engages children to learn and memorize easily, even in a short time. Visual representation learning method like a pictorial dictionary is one of the beginnings of learning for children. It helps children to visualize the object and memorize it in effective ways. Based on the survey conducted in one of the primary schools at Merlimau, Melaka, it was found that the children have difficulties in learning English. The development of pictorial dictionaries with the combination of AR technology in 3D that are presented in the form of mobile applications can be used to improve existing learning methods in English. The method used during the development of this application is the ADDIE model, which comes with five phases: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The development of the ‘smart pictorial dictionary via mobile AR application has been done successfully and has received positive results. Based on the evaluation using the attention relevance confidence satisfaction (ARCS) model, the output has an overall mean of 4.58, which shows that using AR technology in early childhood learning makes children learn more.
Co-Authors Inda Ishadah Nazrul Azha Ismassabah Ismail Noor Elaiza Abd Khalid Nor Azida Mohamed Noh Norshahidatul Hasana Ishak Nurul Asyiqin Khazali Nurul Hidayah Mat Zain