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THE COURTS AND TREATIES: INDONESIA’S PERSPECTIVE Damos Dumoli Agusman
Padjadjaran Journal of International Law Vol. 1 No. 1 (2017): Padjadjaran Journal of International Law, Volume 1, Number 1, January 2017
Publisher : International Law Department, Faculty of Law Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23920/pjil.v1i1.273

Abstract

AbstractThis article discusses the enforceability of treaties under Indonesian legal system. The purpose of this article is to explore and provide answers to the following questions: (i) whether or not international law may be directly invoked and enforceable under domestic legal system (ii) how and to what extent Indonesian courts are using international law especially the treaties. In providing analysis to the above questions, this article discusses the notion of courts and judicial competence and judicial attitude towards treaties. This article suggests that there is no doubt that the courts may apply treaty provisions to the case at hand without and by virtue of national legislations. However, the attitude of the courts towards treaties as demonstrated in a number of cases above does not reveal any clear indication on the question of the status of treaties under domestic law especially with regard to the method on how the legal system incorporates treaties under domestic law. The Court decision has therefore not yet contributed to the attempt for seeking a legal determination of the domestic status of a treaty as well as the mode for granting its domestic validity.Keywords: domestic validity, Indonesian perspective, monism and dualism, status of treaties and treaty practices.AbstrakArtikel ini membahas mengenai pemberlakuan perjanjian internasional dalam sistem hukum Indonesia. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk mengkaji dan memberikan jawaban atas pertanyaan-pertanyaan berikut ini: (i) apakah hukum internasional dapat secara langsung dijadikan rujukan dan berlaku dalam sistem hukum domestik (ii) bagaimana dan sampai mana pengadilan Indonesia menggunakan hukum internasional khususnya perjanjian internasional. Dalam memberikan analisis terhadap pertanyaan-pertanyaan diatas, artikel ini membahas perihal pengadilan dengan kompetensi yudisialnya, dan perilaku yudisial terhadap perjanjian internasional. Artikel ini berkesimpulan bahwa pengadilan dapat menerapkan langsung perjanjian internasional terhadap perkara. Namun demikian praktik pengadilan dalam beberapa perkara yang terkait dengan perjanjian internasional belum memberikan indikasi yang jelas tentang kedudukan hukum perjanjian. Putusan Pengadilan oleh karena itu belum berkontribusi dalam upaya untuk mencari determinasi hukum terkait status domestik dari suatu perjanjian internasional dan cara pemberlakuan suatu perjanjian internasional dalam hukum domestik.Kata kunci: monisme dan dualisme, praktek perjanjian internasional, perspektif Indonesia, status perjanjian internasional, validitas domestik.
The Urgency of Express Consent to Waive State Immunity in an International Commercial Arbitration Agreement: Indonesia’s Practice Feren Thalita; Prita Amalia; Damos Dumoli Agusman
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v5i3.1287

Abstract

Indonesian State-owned enterprises’ participation in the international commercial transactions have become a prime example which affects the increasing need for international commercial arbitrations today and in the future. However, the State immunity that Indonesian State-owned enterprise owns may potentially give rise to issue on the implementation of the whole arbitration process, inclusive of the recognition and enforcement of the arbitral award. This issue alone has been hotly debated from the perspective of State-owned enterprises and the foreign private parties. On that account, Indonesian State-owned enterprises are still in need of a legal solution to settle the State immunity matter, whereas express consent to waive State immunity here is in question. Through the normative and comparative juridical research, the writer has found that it is urgent for Indonesian State-owned enterprises to provide express consent to waive State immunity since, inter alia, it paves a way to prevent further procedural hindrance in the whole arbitration process. The recommendation to fortify such practice is strengthened by how solely depending on other exceptions to State immunity, which have their own complexities and uncertainties, is going to bring the parties to procedural barrier that prolong the dispute settlement itself