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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Agrointek Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Rona Teknik Pertanian
Agustami Sitorus, Agustami
Research Center For Appropriate Technology, Indonesian Institut Of Sciences
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering

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Measurement push and pull forces on automatic liquid dispensers Agustami Sitorus; Eko K. Pramono; Yusnan H. Siregar; Ari Rahayuningtyas; Novita D. Susanti; Irwin S. Cebro; Ramayanty Bulan
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 11, No 6: December 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v11i6.pp4825-4832

Abstract

Since the COVID-19 pandemic, automated liquid dispensers have been increasingly developed to assist transmission prevention. However, data availability of automatic liquid dispenser mechanism's technical characteristics is not yet widely available. This causes frequent over or under design in its development. Therefore, we specifically measure push and pull forces engineering characteristics generated by the automatic liquid dispenser mechanism. A wire mechanism-based automatic liquid dispenser apparatus was used to experiment. A load-cell sensor was used to detect the force that occurs from a servo motor controlled by a microcontroller. The force data (push and pull) will be sent directly to the database server cloud with a recording frequency of every second. Three types of fluid treatment levels are used i.e. water, liquid soap, and hand sanitizer gel. Three types of fluid volume treatment levels used were 50 ml, 150 ml, and 250 ml. Each treatment level combination is carried out at the servo motors rotation steps 180°, 150°, 120°, 90°, 60°, and 30°. The results show that no significant differences were found in maximal forces required to release the water, liquid soap, and hand-sanitizer gel. It is also known that the volume of the fluid has a very significant effect on the amount of push and pull forces generated.
Non-invasive moisture content measurement system based on the ESP8266 microcontroller Agustami Sitorus; Novrinaldi Novrinaldi; Ramayanty Bulan
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 9, No 3: June 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (735.802 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v9i3.2178

Abstract

Moisture content in the process of drying is often unknown when carrying out the drying process, especially the fluidized dryer. A lot of experimental designs are needed when observing the drying phenomenon more deeply.  It is because to stop and repeat drying process from the beginning again when the sample is taken to test its moisture content needed more experiments. Therefore, this paper presents development of a non-intrusive moisture measurement system prepared for fluidization type dryers. The method used in to conduct this research consists of (i) structural design analysis and (ii) functional (mechanical and electrical systems) and (iii) simple testing of the water content measurement system of constructed material. Test parameters observed include errors in measuring and fluctuating sensor signals against vibration applied to the weighing system. The results showed that non-intrusive moisture content measurement system for fluidized dryers based on the ESP8266 microcontroller had been successfully developed and worked normally. The measurement system has been calibrated with a coefficient of determination (R2) close to one. Measurement error resulting from the effect of vibration on this system shows a very satisfactory value of 6.89%.
A REVIEW ON THE ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF SOYBEAN TO SUPPORT THE TOFU AGRO-INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY DEVELOPMENT AND IMPORTANT HIGHLIGHTS Agustami Sitorus; Devianti Devianti; Ramayanty Bulan
AGROINTEK Vol 15, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Agroindustrial Technology, University of Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrointek.v15i3.10496

Abstract

The physical and mechanical properties of the material to be processed are fundamental and continue to be a challenge for researchers to design a machine appropriately. Studies of the soybean engineering properties have not been widely highlighted and reviewed. This makes researchers and engineers of soybean processing machines still have to search through experimentation or read deeply through scientific papers before applying it. Therefore, this paper presents highlights and reviews of studies related to the measurement and modelling of soybean engineering properties. The objective is to study methodologies uses and identify future research directions to get a result in more accuracy. Several papers are searched from various search engines for scientific articles that are available online. Some keywords and a combination of keywords used in the search process are “physical properties”, “mechanical properties”, “soybean grains” and “moisture-dependent”. The results show that ten scientific papers are strictly related to the measurement and modelling of the engineering properties of soybean. In general, the documents found were in the period 1993 to 2012. The research paper investigated the engineering properties of soybean in the moisture content ranges from 6.7% (d.b.) to 49.7% (d.b.). The widely studied physical properties are diameter, surface area, roundness, the weight of 1000 soybeans, bulk density, and true density associated with moisture content. Mechanical parameters investigated include friction coefficient, angle of repose, terminal velocity, angle of internal friction, rupture force, and rupture energy. On the one hand, some of the engineering properties of soybeans that have not yet been discovered are thermal, optical, and aerodynamic properties. On the other hand, the effect of soaking and blanching on changes in the engineering properties of soybean (physical, mechanical, thermal, optical, and aerodynamic) has not been done in-depth. Besides that, most of the soybean processing agro-industry requires engineering properties of soybean to be able to design their machines more precisely. One of the agro-industries that need data on the study results of the nature of engineering with these treatments is the tofu processing industry.
SIMULASI PEMBEBANAN GIGI PERONTOK THRESHER BUAH PINANG (Areca catechu) MENGGUNAKAN METODE ELEMEN TAK HINGGA Sriyono Sriyono; Dewi Sartika T; Aries Karyadi; Agustami Sitorus; Ramayanty Bulan
AGROINTEK Vol 15, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Agroindustrial Technology, University of Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrointek.v15i2.9571

Abstract

The design approach of a machine is a critical factor in deciding its performance. On the one, a really stronger material may be used in these machine components, but the associated costs would be higher due to overdesign (and vice versa). As a result, before beginning the production process, it is essential to study the critical points of machine components thoroughly. It would be the same if we were to design a betel nut thresher unit. The bow tooth is a crucial part of the areca thresher's design. The teeth are the parts that interact directly with the betel nut to release it from the betel nut bunch. Therefore, in this paper conducted a simulation using the finite element method (FEM) to determine the appropriate shape of the thresher tooth threshing machine for betel nuts. Three shapes of teeth that were tested in this simulation are teeth of round (type-A), rectangular (type-B), and hexagonal (type-C) teeth. The type of material that will be used to become tooth decay is ductile iron. The shape and type of this material are chosen based on the materials commonly used in Indonesia. The parameters used in the simulation include strain, stress, and displacement. The results showed that the rectangular (type-B) bow tooth could spread the shedding load better than other bow tooth types for betel nut thresher unit.
Evaluasi Sistem Penggerak dan Modifikasi Mesin Penanam Jagung Bertenaga Traktor Tangan Wawan Hermawan; Tineke Mandang; Agus Sutejo; Agustami Sitorus
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 3 No. 1 (2015): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (763.901 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.03.1.%p

Abstract

AbstractTo improve the performance of corn planter powered by hand tractor, the following efforts were carried out: a) the evaluation of minimum tillage (strip tillage) using rotary tiller, b) the evaluation of the performance of the drive system for seed metering device; and c) modifications of the planting and fertilizing units. The machine capacity to be improved by using two planting rows in one pass. The machine was driven by a hand tractor equipped with a rotary tiller unit. The experiment results show that the strip tillage using the rotary tiller could be done when the soil is plowed, in a relatively loose condition. Among the five types of drive wheel to rotate the seed metering device, lugged rubber wheel had the lowest level of sliding (21- 22%), and produced seed spacing of the closest to the target (19-21 cm). The evaluation showed that one drive wheel is not able to drive two units of seed metering device and two units of fertilizer metering device. Rotation of tractor axle can be used effectively to drive the rotor of two units of the fertilizer applicator and corn seed metering devices of two planter units, using the sprocket-chain transmission. Modifications were constructed for two planting units; two fertilizing units; and the addition of drive system for the metering devices using rotation of the tractor axle.Keywords: Planting machine, fertilizer applicator, corn, tractor wheel axle, hand tractorAbstrakUntuk meningkatkan kinerja mesin penanam dan pemupuk jagung bertenaga traktor tangan, telah dilakukan: a) evaluasi pengolahan tanah minimal (strip tillage) menggunakan unit pengolah tanah rotari, b) evaluasi kinerja sistem penggerak bagian penjatah benih; dan c) modifikasi pada unit penanam dan pemupuk jagung. Kapasitas mesin ditingkatkan dengan penanaman dua alur dalam satu lintasan. Mesinpenanamdigerakkan oleh traktor tangan yang dilengkapi unit pengolah tanah rotari. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pengolahan tanah strip dengan unit pengolah tanah rotari bisa dilakukan dengan baik bila tanah sudah dibajak, dalam kondisi yang relatif gembur. Dari lima jenis roda bantu untuk menggerakkan sistem penjatah benih, roda penggerak karet bersirip memiliki tingkat luncuran yang paling rendah (21-22%), dan menghasilkan jarak tanam benih yang paling mendekati target (19-21 cm). Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa sebuah roda bantu tidak mampu menggerakkan dengan baik dua unit penjatah benih dan dua unit penjatah pupuk. Putaran poros roda traktor dapat digunakan secara efektif untuk menggerakkan poros rotor penjatah pupuk pada dua unit pemupuk dan poros piringan penjatah benih jagung pada dua unit penanam, menggunakan transmisi sproket-rantai. Modifikasi terlah berhasil dilakukan pada unit penanam, pemupuk dan penambahan sistem penggerak unit penjatah benih dan pupuk dari putaran poros roda traktor.Kata kunci: Mesin penanam, pemupuk, jagung, poros roda traktor, traktor tanganDiterima: 06 November 2014; Disetujui: 05 Februari 2015
Penggunaan Metode Pemupukan Awal Broadcast Incorporated Menggunakan Mesin Tanam Terintegrasi Dan Pengaruhnya Pada Fase Awal Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung Agustami Sitorus
Rona Teknik Pertanian Vol 11, No 2 (2018): Volume 11, No. 2, Oktober 2018
Publisher : Department of Agricultural Engineering, Syiah Kuala University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17969/rtp.v11i2.13587

Abstract

Abstract. Aplikasi penggunaan pupuk kimia pada pertanian yang belum tepat takaran, waktu, jenis dan tempat pemberiannya menjadi isu pencemaran lingkungan di dunia akhir dekade ini. Suatu metode pemupukan yang lebih presisi dan efisien terus dicari dan diteliti hingga saat ini. Metode penebaran pupuk di dalam tanah (broadcast incorporated) menjadi hal baru yang terus dikembangkan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur penyebaran pupuk hasil aplikasi metode pemupukan broadcast incorporated sebagai pupuk awal (starter) untuk budidaya jagung. Aplikasi pemupukan awal menggunakan mesin penanam dan pemupuk jagung terintegrasi yang telah dikembangkan pada penelitian sebelumnya. Untuk mengetahui dampak penggunaan metode pemupukan dan mesin tersebut dilakukan pengamatan terhadap 20 tanaman jagung. Pengamatan dilakukan hingga 14 hari setelah tanam (HST) terhadap tinggi dan jumlah daun yang muncul dari benih jagung hibrida dan jagung manis. Metode tanam yang digunakan adalah jajar legowo dengan 1-3 benih per lubang tanam dan jarak antar tanamannya adalah ± 20 cm. Sebuah kotak persegi berukuran panjang, lebar dan tinggi masing-masing 15 cm, 15 cm, dan 15 cm didesain sebagai peralatan untuk pengambilan sample. Wadah tersebut diberi sekat setiap 5 cm sehingga terdapat 27 ruang dalam kotak tersebut. Jenis pupuk yang digunakan adalah NPK dengan distribusi ukuran butiran 2.36 mm - 4.76 mm sebanyak 81.20%. Dosis pemupukan yang diterapkan adalah 150 kg/ha atau 11.25 g/m alur tanam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada semua sekat sampel ditemukan pupuk NPK dengan rata-rata 0.071±0.035 g. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa pupuk telah tercampur dan tersebar didalam tanah. Nilai coefficient of variation dari sebaran pupuk termasuk dalam klasifikasi sangat teracak atau tercampur. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa parameter tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun pada benih jagung hibrida dan jagung manis (14 HST) masing-masing adalah 11.9±2.6 cm, 3.85±0.4 daun, 10.7±2.3 cm, 3.4±0.5 daun. The Use Of Broadcast Incorporated As A Method Of Starter Fertilizers Using Integrated Corn Transplanter And The Effect On The First Phase Of Corn Growth Abstrak. The application of chemical fertilizers to agriculture that is not precisely measured, not on time, not suitable for the type and not ideal for the place becomes an issue of environmental pollution at the end of this decade. A more precise and efficient fertilization method is continually being search and investigation to date. The method of broadcast incorporated is a new thing that continues to be developed. Therefore, this study aims to measure the broadcast incorporated of fertilizers as a starter fertilizer for corn cultivation. The starter fertilizer application uses integrated corn growers and fertilizers which have been developed in previous studies. A total of 20 corn plants were observed to determine the impact of using the fertilization method and the machine. Observations were made up to 14 days after planting (DAP) on the height and number of leaves that emerged from hybrid corn seeds and sweet corn. The planting method used is jajar legowo with 1-3 seeds per planting hole, and the distance between plants is ± 20 cm. A container of length, width, and height of 15 cm, 15 cm, and 15 cm respectively is designed as equipment for sampling. The container is given an insulation every 5 cm so that there are 27 spaces in the box. The type of fertilizer used is NPK with a grain size distribution of 2.36 mm until 4.76 mm as much as 81.20%. The applied fertilizer dose is 150 kg/ha or 11.25 g / m planting groove. The results showed that in all sample partition NPK fertilizer was found with an average of 0.071±0.035 g. This indicates that the fertilizer has been mixed and spread in the soil. The value of the coefficient of variation from the distribution of fertilizers included in the classification is highly randomized or mixed. The results showed that the parameters of plant height and the number of leaves on hybrid corn seeds and sweet corn (14 DAP) were 11.9±2.6 cm, 3.85±0.4 leaves, 10.7±2.3 cm, 3.4±0.5 leaves, respectively.
Impact of Pyrolysis Temperature and Jatropha Seed Adhesive on the Properties of Bio-charcoal from Young Coconut Waste Anwar, Khairul; Mahidin, Mahidin; Ramli, Ichwana; Faisal, Muhammad; Sitorus, Agustami
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 13 No. 4 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v13i4.1372-1382

Abstract

This study assesses the characteristics of bio-charcoal from young coconut waste with the effect of variations in pyrolysis temperature and the addition of Jatropha seed adhesive. The physical and chemical parameters of bio- charcoal from three temperature variation treatments (380°C, 430°C, and 480°C) and three adhesive concentrations (15%, 20%, and 25%) were analyzed, including moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, calorific value and fixed carbon. In addition, the application of ANOVA and DMRT were used to evaluate the significant differences between the various treatments with significant p-value ≤ 5%. The optimal result was obtained at temperature of 430°C and 25% adhesive indicating a calorific value of 6421 cal/g, moisture content of 6.1%, ash content of 7.6% volatile matter of 7.7% and fixed carbon of 78.7%. The findings reveal that adhesive content significantly affects bio-charcoal quality, while temperature variations influence moisture content and heating value. This study concludes that optimizing temperature and adhesive concentrations can yield high-quality bio-charcoal, offering a cleaner, sustainable source. Keywords: Adhesive, DMRT, Jatropha curcas, Pyrolysis, Young coconut waste.
Co-Authors Agus Sutejo Ari Rahayuningtyas Aries Karyadi Bulan, Ramayanty Devianti Devianti Dewi Sartika T Eko K. Pramono Irwin S. Cebro Khairul Anwar Mahidin Mahidin Muhammad Faisal Novita D. Susanti Novrinaldi Novrinaldi Radite Praeko Agus Setiawan Ramayanty Bulan Ramayanty Bulan Ramli, Ichwana Sriyono Sriyono Tineke Mandang Wawan Hermawan Yusnan H. Siregar