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S Sudarto, S
University of Brawijaya
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Estimation of soil erosion for a sustainable land use planning: RUSLE model validation by remote sensing data utilization in the Kalikonto watershed Andriyanto, C; Sudarto, S; Suprayogo, D
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 3 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2015.031.459

Abstract

Technology of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) are increasingly used for planning and natural resources management. GIS and RS is based on pixels is used as a tool of spatial modeling for predicting the erosion. One of the methods developed for predicting the erosion is a Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). RUSLE is the method used for predicting the erosion associated with runoff gained from five parameters, namely: rain erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), length of slopes (L), slope (S), and land management (CP). The main constraint encountered in the process of operating the GIS is the calculation of the slope length factor (L).This study was designed to create a plan of sustainable land use and low erosion through the RULSE erosion modeling by utilizing the remote sensing data. With this approach, this study was  divided into three activities, namely (1) the preparation and analysis of spatial data for the determination of the parameters and estimating the erosion by using RUSLE models, (2) the validation and calibration of the model of RUSLE by measuring soil erosion at the scale of plots on the field, and  (3) Creating a plan of sustainable land use and low erosion with RUSLE. The validation erosion shows the value of R2 = 0.56 and r = 0.74. Results of this study showed that the RUSLE model could be used in the Kalikonto watershed. The erosions at the value of the actual estimation, spatial Plan (RTRW) and land capability class in the Kalikonto watershed were  72t / ha / year, 62 t / ha / year and 58 t / ha / year, respectively
The Characteristic and Genesis of Volcanic Ash Soil in the North Slope Toposequence of Kawi Mountain in Malang Regency Putra, A N; Sudarto, S; Rayes, M L
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 2 No. 4 (2015)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2015.024.383

Abstract

The volcanic ash soil in Kawi Mountain is composed by the amorphous materials consist of allophane, imogolite and ferrihydrite. Results of previous study showed that the phosphate retention in all soil profiles of northern slope toposequence of Kawimountain was less than 85%, yet the phosphate retention of volcanic ash soils is usually > 85 %. This raised a question that there is a different characteristics of soil in the northern slope tosequence of the Kawi Mountain compared to the other places. This research was conducted to study soil characteristics, mineral contents, and genesis processessoccuring in soil on the northern slope toposequence of Kawi Mountain. 5 pedons between high elevation and low elevation (P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5) to identified the soil characteristics. The Al, Fe, and Si extracted by acid oxalate, natrium pyrophosphate, and dithionite citrate to calculate the amorphous mineral content. The results show that. The results showed that there is a different in terms of the thickness of the A horizon, the C organic content and the soil acidity level that mainly found in P3 and P4 profiles. The most important soil genesis processess in the formation of the volcanic ash soils were likely clay illuviation (P5), melanization and braunification (P3), littering (P1) and the reduction of andic soil properties from the upper slope (P1 profile) up to the lower slope (P5 profile).
Soil characteristics pattern with the depth as affected by forest conversion to rubber plantation Agustina, C; Utami, S R; Sudarto, S
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2016.041.703

Abstract

This research was an attempt to study the impact of forest conversion to intensive rubber plantation on soil characteristics. We selected three landuses (forest, jungle rubber, and rubber plantation) in Bukit Duabelas and Harapan landscape, Jambi, and each repeated three times. Soil profiles were described and sampled at every 10 cm layer to 200 cm depth. Soil bulk density, pH, exchangeable basic cations content, and CEC were determined. The result showed that in three landuses, bulk density is relatively low in the upper 20 cm, but increased with depth. Clay content was lower in forest than other landuses, and increased with depth in forest and jungle rubber. In rubber plantation however, fine clay was accumulated at 60-140 cm depth. The CEC pattern with depth was in accordance to the clay content. There was no significant difference in soil pH between all landuses. In rubber plantation, soil pH was commonly higher in the surface, which probably due to liming activities. Sum of bases decreased with depth and tended to be generally lower in rubber plantation.
Relationship between land degradation, biophysical and social factors in Lekso Watershed, East Java, Indonesia Lestariningsih, Iva Dewi; Widianto, W; Agustina, Christanti; Sudarto, S; Kurniawan, Syahrul
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 5 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2018.053.1283

Abstract

Degraded lands are getting extensive worldwide. Even its existence has projected as a solution to fulfill agricultural land scarcity to meet the global demands of food and other agricultural goods, the rate of its extension should be inhibited. Some factors play important role.  This research was aimed to find the explanation about how degraded land, biophysical and social factors are related. Research site was located in Lekso Watershed, East Java, Indonesia. Land degradation is assessed by evaluation of the critical land status based on procedure established by Indonesia’s Ministry of Forestry in form of Regulation No. P.32/Menhut-II, 2009.A series of field survey using secondary data obtained from GIS tool performed to collect data for quantify the critical land status. Social factors in this study were limited on people perception, awareness and participation. These data collected by in-depth interview to the respondents. Site of presented respondent selected with purposive sampling, while the respondents in each site selected with stratified random sampling method. The research revealed that surface cover demonstrated high correlation and regression toward critical and very critical land (average r = -0.9822, R2= 0.9648). However, slope steepness located in high altitude showed a contrary trend in which increasing slope steepness decreased the number of total moderate, critical and very critical lands. The functional area of this location as protected forest gave a good surface cover on the steep slope and resulted on small area of degraded land. On the other side, negative perception about cultivation on forest and steep slope resulted in positive correlations with the area of very critical land (r = 0.6710 for cultivated forest, and r = 0.9113 for cultivated steep slope). Moreover, people awareness about flood, landslide and drought gave a negative correlation (r = -0.6274) with critical and very critical area. At last, people participation on farmers’ organization could not be used to elucidate the range of degraded land as the participation in this context did not include the competency building about soil and water conservation values.
Comparison of soil physical properties and soil-vegetation indices to predict rice productivity in Malang Regency of East Java Putra, Aditya Nugraha; Sudarto, S; Ridwan, Ananda Ginanthian Alpheratz; Aditama, Aftomi Firman; Janahtin, Sifa’ul
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 8 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2021.084.2891

Abstract

Rice has become the leading food commodity in Indonesia, with total production reached +54.60 million tons in 2019. However, the production tended to decrease by around 8% from 2018 to 2019, while the rice consumption increased by +1.53 tons. This study aims to develop a rice production estimation model using the soil-vegetation index transformation (MSAVI and SAVI) and soil physical properties, which has the advantage of being faster, cheaper, and more accurate than conventional methods. The soil physical properties were taken based on soil mapping units and analyzed with soil physical parameters. The results showed strong relationships between rice productivity - soil physical characteristics and rice productivity – MSAVI and EVI with r values of 0.97, 0.83, and 0.74, respectively. The soil physical properties have a better coefficient of determination and accuracy than soil-vegetation index. The prediction model of rice production by soil physical properties is formulated inward γ = -8.96+0.01 (Top Soil Sand) + 0.01 (Top Soil Silt) + 6.28 (Bulk Density) - 14.07 (Penetration) - 0.13 (Sub Soil Permeability). There is no difference in the productivity value between model and laboratory analysis result. These results indicate that the rice yield prediction model can be used for estimation purposes.
Land-use changes and slope positions impact on the degradation of soil functions in nutrient stock within the Kalikungkuk micro watershed, East Java, Indonesia Fitria, Anita Dwy; Sudarto, S; Kurniawan, Syahrul
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 8 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2021.082.2689

Abstract

Degradation of soil functions in storing and cycling nutrients may be related to topography and land-use change. The research aimed to analyze the impact of land-use changes and slope positions on soil function in nutrient stock within Kalikungkuk micro watershed of East Java, Indonesia. Four different land-uses such as vegetable crops, agroforestry, shrub and forest were selected with three slope positions (e.g. ridge, slope, and valley), and three replications of each. Soil samples were collected at 0-10, 10-30, 30-50, and 50-100 cm depth of soil. Variables measured included soil properties (e.g. bulk density, soil texture, pH, CEC, soil nutrients). Slope positions impact on differences in soil physical (i.e. soil bulk density, soil texture) and chemical (i.e. total N, exchangeable K) properties. In addition, forest conversion to other land-uses (i.e. agroforestry, shrub, vegetable crops) decreased soil nutrient concentration (i.e. total C, total N, Ca, Mg, Na), and consequently resulted in degradation of soil nutrient stocks of especially C and N. The strong positive correlation between soil nutrient stock (e.g. C and N) and vegetation cover such as canopy cover, basal area, and litter (r = 0.63 – 0.78, r table 1% = 0.39) showed the benefit of biodiversity in maintaining soil function on the nutrient stock. 
Co-Authors A N Putra, A N Aditama, Aftomi Firman Aditya Nugraha Putra, Aditya Nugraha Agustina, C C Andriyanto, C Christanti Agustina D Suprayogo, D Fitria, Anita Dwy Iva Dewi Lestariningsih, Iva Dewi Janahtin, Sifa’ul M L Rayes, M L Ridwan, Ananda Ginanthian Alpheratz S R Utami Syahrul Kurniawan W Widianto, W