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All Journal International Journal of Renewable Energy Development International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications (MECHTA)
I.N.G Wardana, I.N.G
The Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of Surabaya, Campus Ketintang Surabaya 60231, East-Java
Automotive Engineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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Combustion of Pure, Hydrolyzed and Methyl Ester Formed of Jatropha Curcas Lin oil Muhaji, Muhaji; Wardana, I.N.G; Yulianti, Y; Nursasongko, M
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 4, No 3 (2015): October 2015
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.4.3.211-218

Abstract

The density and viscosity of vegetable oil are higher than that of diesel oil. Thus its direct combustion in the diesel engine results many problems. This research was conducted to investigate the flame characteristics of combustion of jatropha curcas lin in pure, hydrolyzed and methyl ester form. The results indicated that the combustion of pure jatropha curcas lin occurs in three stages, hydrolyzed in two stages    and methyl ester in one stage. For pure jatropha curcas lin, in the first stage, unsaturated fatty acid burned for  0.265 s.  It is followed by saturated fatty acid, burned for 0.389 s in the second stage. And, in the last stage is the burned of glycerol for 0.560 s. Meanwhile for hydrolyzed one, in the first stage, unsaturated fatty acid burned for 0.736 s, followed by saturated fatty acid, burned  for 0.326 s in the second stage. And the last, for methyl ester is the burned for 0.712 s. The highest burning rate was for methyl ester which was 0.003931cc/s. The energy releasing rate of methyl ester, which was for 13,628.67 kcal/(kg.s) resembled that of diesel oil the most, while the lowest rate was for pure jatropha curcas lin which was 8,200.94 kcal/(kg.s). In addition, massive explosion occurred in the fuel containing unsaturated fatty acid and glycerol
EFFECT OF ADDITION FENNEL OIL AND TARTARIC ACID ON REGIME AND BURNING RATE OF CPKO DROPLETS Dwiantoko, Putra; Wardana, I.N.G; Wijayanti, Widya; Sasmoko, Sasmoko
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January - June
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/MECHTA.2026.007.01.14

Abstract

This study examines the effect of combustion speed on crude palm kernel oil (CPKO) droplets with and without the addition of additives and catalysts to the mixture. As is known, the main component of CPKO is palmitic acid, which has a 16-carbon chain. This characteristic results in a relatively slow combustion rate of CPKO. In this study, the author added fennel oil as a bio-additive and tartaric acid as a catalyst to compare their effects on combustion speed. Fennel oil contains anethole, which has a conjugated cyclic ring capable of generating a magnetic field that can weaken the molecular bonds of CPKO. Meanwhile, tartaric acid acts as a catalyst that accelerates the combustion process due to its high electronegativity, which can disrupt the glycerol bonds in CPKO. The results of the study indicate a positive effect of adding fennel oil and tartaric acid as additives, with concentrations of 100, 200, and 300 ppm, on combustion speed.
Co-Authors Dwiantoko, Putra M Nursasongko, M Muhaji Muhaji Sasmoko, Sasmoko Widya Wijayanti Y Yulianti