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Cytokine Storm in COVID-19: An Overview, Mechanism, Treatment Strategies, and Stem Cell Therapy Perspective Azmi, Nuriza Ulul; Puteri, Meidi Utami; Lukmanto, Donny
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the disease caused by the highly transmittable novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infections. The disease was found at the end of December 2019, in Wuhan, China, and quickly spread worldwide with a higher mortality rate compared to the previous coronavirus disease. Cytokine plays an important role in the inflammatory response against coronavirus infection. However, in severely ill patients with COVID-19, an excessive amount of cytokine serum level (cytokine storm) has been associated with the aggravation of coronavirus disease leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Thus, the management of the cytokine storm could be the key to stop COVID-19 progression. This article reviews an overview related to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, mechanism and prospective treatment strategies for cytokine storm in COVID-19, and a viewpoint of stem cells perspective. The purpose is to provide some information that could be useful for future guidelines in the clinical management of COVID-19.
Ionic liquid-based ultrasound-assisted extraction: a novel insights of green extraction techniques for bioactive compounds from herbal plants Aziz, Fiq'rah Lestari; Lukmanto, Donny; Iswandana, Raditya; Mu'nim, Abdul
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 22 No 1 (2024): JIFI
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v22i1.1531

Abstract

The ionic liquid-based ultrasound-assisted extraction (ILUAE) is a non-conventional environmentally friendly extraction method. ILUAE is considered as green chemistry since ILUAE utilize ionic liquids as solvents and ultrasound-assisted extraction to extract bioactive chemicals from herbal plants. The growing popularity of ILUAE as preferred extraction method in herbal medicine is not only due to its sustainable, eco-friendly characteristics but also its improvement in extraction efficiency while maintaining the quality of extracted products. Here, we discussed and reviewed ILUAE as preferred extraction method for herbal medicines. Through discussing ILUAE’s potential, advantage against traditional extraction technique, and summarized the successful extraction of bioactive components from various herbal plants using ILUAE, we hope to showcase the technology's efficiency, selectivity, and sustainability. Finally, we discussed current limitations and future challenge for ILUAE and potential ways to address these challenges.