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Azmi, Nuriza Ulul
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Evaluation of Potential Drug Interaction of Analgesic in Cancer Patient Receiving Palliative Care in Dharmais Cancer Hospital Sitepu, Eme Stepani; Puspitasari, Atika Wahyu; Azmi, Nuriza Ulul; Sari, Lila Nilam
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Analgesics are mostly used in cancer patients receiving palliative care to improve the quality of life of patients. Besides analgesics, cancer patients receiving palliative care were also given other drugs in combination to overcome other symptoms of cancer, and this combination could potentially cause drug interactions. This study was aimed to analyze the potential of drug interactions with analgesics in cancer patients. The study design was cross-sectional with a retrospective method and descriptive study. The sample of this study was cancer palliative care patient’s prescription at Dharmais Cancer Hospital in the period of January – December 2017. The sample analyzed in this study consisted of 273 prescriptions. This study found that there were 191 prescriptions (69.9%) of analgesics which potential- ly interacted with 316 interaction cases. Fentanyl and morphine with 61 cases (19.3%), morphine and gabapentin with 60 cases (18.9%) and morphine and amitriptyline with 33 cases (10.4%) were observed as the three most analgesics-other drugs interaction. Based on severity levels, there were 73.5% of major interaction, 26.3% of moderate interaction, and 0.2% of minor interaction. This study concluded that high occurrence of drug interactions was observed in analgesic drugs, therefore close monitoring is needed in cancer patient receiving palliative care.
Cytokine Storm in COVID-19: An Overview, Mechanism, Treatment Strategies, and Stem Cell Therapy Perspective Azmi, Nuriza Ulul; Puteri, Meidi Utami; Lukmanto, Donny
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the disease caused by the highly transmittable novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infections. The disease was found at the end of December 2019, in Wuhan, China, and quickly spread worldwide with a higher mortality rate compared to the previous coronavirus disease. Cytokine plays an important role in the inflammatory response against coronavirus infection. However, in severely ill patients with COVID-19, an excessive amount of cytokine serum level (cytokine storm) has been associated with the aggravation of coronavirus disease leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Thus, the management of the cytokine storm could be the key to stop COVID-19 progression. This article reviews an overview related to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, mechanism and prospective treatment strategies for cytokine storm in COVID-19, and a viewpoint of stem cells perspective. The purpose is to provide some information that could be useful for future guidelines in the clinical management of COVID-19.
Co-Authors Lukmanto, Donny Puspitasari, Atika Wahyu Puteri, Meidi Utami Sari, Lila Nilam Sitepu, Eme Stepani