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All Journal The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Makara Journal of Health Research
Mat Ludin, Arimi Fitri
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Public Health

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Does Quran Memorization Influence Adolescents’ Intelligence Quotient and Memory Level?: A Cross-Sectional Study in Malaysia Ishak, Ismarulyusda; Shaidin, Amira Aqilah; Harun, Dzalani; Abdul Warif, Nor Malia; Mariappan, Vanitha; Mat Ludin, Arimi Fitri; Ghazali, Ahmad Rohi; Ibrahim, Farah Wahida; Che Din, Normah
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: The process of memorizing various reading materials enhances the brain capacity to process, store, and assemble memories and increases the intelligence quotient (IQ) level. However, the connection between the memorization of Quran and the enhancement of memory level is not fully understood. Hence, a cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the correlation between Quran memorization and the IQ level among Muslim adolescents from selected Islamic schools in Selangor, Malaysia. Methods: The Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence was used to measure the student’s IQ level, whereas Digit Span and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test were used to evaluate the memory level. Questionnaires were distributed for demographic data collection and the Quran memorization level. Results: The full-scale results for all the four sub-tests revealed that the studied tahfiz students had a low average level of IQ, with a mean of 88.06 ± 15.80. For the short-term verbal memory, the majority (n = 36, 56.3%) were in the normal category, whereby for long-term verbal memory, the majority (n = 20, 31.3%) were below normal. The results showed that the IQ level was non-significant (p = 0.059) but moderately correlated (r = 0.391) with the level of Quran memorization. The coefficient of determination or effect size calculation showed that Quran memorization shared 15.29% of the variability in the IQ level. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that only the working memory is significant to predict the IQ. Provided that other influencing factors are constant, an increase of one unit in the working memory was predicted to increase 5.55 units of IQ. Conclusions: In conclusion, the level of Quran memorization was not significantly correlated with the IQ and memory status of Muslim adolescents from the selected Islamic schools in Selangor, Malaysia.
Investigating the Links Between Body Composition and Female University Students’ Night Eating Habits and Sleep Quality Rosli, Hanisah; Mat Ludin, Arimi Fitri; Lim, Amanda Priscilla; Vallavan, Vimalah; Sze Yuen, Lew; Yusop, Norizatul Hidayah; Razali, Nur Athirah; Amran, Amerull Daneal; Asmadi, Nurfarahin; Othman, Mohd Sham
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 26, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Malaysia has the highest prevalence of obesity among Southeast Asian countries, and the current number is expected to increase further. In particular, the rate of obesity is reportedly increasing among females and young adults in Malaysia. Modern lifestyle habits, which include night eating and poor sleep quality, have been shown to increase the risk of obesity and high body fat. This study aims to determine the link between female university students’ body composition and their night eating habits and sleep quality. Methods: Body composition was measured using a Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) analyzer. Night eating syndrome and sleeping pattern and quality were determined using the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Results: A total of 112 female students participated in this study, the majority (66.1%) of whom were categorized as having normal weight. Their body fat percentages (28.0 ± 6.1) were found to be lower than the standard value for Asian women. Most of the subjects were categorized as having normal night eating (93.8%) and poor sleep (76.8%) patterns. The correlation analysis results indicated significant relationships between sleep quality and night eating habit and body weight. Furthermore, analysis using binary logistic regression showed a protective relationship between muscle mass and sleeping habit. Conclusions: This study showed that the majority of the university students had poor sleep quality. This is an alarming finding. Therefore, further investigations on factors related to poor sleep quality among young adults are required.
Exercise Motivations, Barriers, and Preferences of Tahfiz Students: A Qualitative Study Ibrahim, Farah Wahida; Mat Ludin, Arimi Fitri; Marzuki, Nur Aqilah; Ishak, Ismarulyusda; Othman, Mohd Sham; Abdul Warif, Nor Malia; Md. Zahir, Mohd Zaharen; Yaacob, Muhamad Toriq
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 26, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: In Malaysia, the increasing prevalence of physical inactivity is alarming. The effects of adopting a sedentary lifestyle have led to health problems such as coronary heart disease and type II diabetes mellitus, as well as increased mortality rates. Young adults, including tahfiz students, tend to be physically inactive due to much time spent sitting during lectures or studying. Therefore, an active lifestyle must be encouraged. This study aims to identify the factors that influence tahfiz students to exercise. Methods: Data from 12 male and 19 female students were collected through in-depth interviews, which were recorded and transcribed into text then subjected to thematic analysis. Results: Results show that the main motivations to exercise were body health and fitness, self-appearance, and sense of togetherness. The main themes for barriers were aversion to exercise time and commitment. In general, respondents preferred a moderate, 10–30 minute group sessions for 3–5 times per week. Conclusions: This study revealed five themes for motivations (body health and fitness, psychological wellbeing, appearance, physical support, and enforcement), and six themes for barriers to exercise (aversion to exercise, time, commitment, discomfort, no motivation, and the environment). These factors could be considered in exercise module development to improve students’ engagement.
Early Active Exercise Improves MDA, SOD, and GSH Levels without Memory or NO Changes in Wistar Rats Fairof, Muhammad Hafiz Zuhdi; Mat Ludin, Arimi Fitri; Anas, Nur Diyana; Husna, Ainaa; Che Hasan, Ahmad Muhaimin; Ahmad Abdullah, Amirul Hafiz; Ibrahim, Farah Wahida; Pramono, Adriyan; Rajab, Nor Fadilah
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 17, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v17i4.3663

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Circadian rhythms regulate various physiological processes, including responses to exercise. However, the effects of exercise timing on cognitive function and oxidative stress remain unclear. One key factor in oxidative stress is nitric oxide (NO), an enzyme complex that produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) as part of normal cellular signaling. Excessive NO activity can disrupt redox balance and contribute to neuronal damage. An imbalance favoring oxidative stress can impair memory and learning, while a higher antioxidant capacity supports brain health and cognitive performance. This study was performed to investigate whether early active and late active aerobic exercise differentially impact cognitive function and oxidative stress biomarkers in Wistar rats.METHODS: Sixteen male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: early active control, late active control, early active exercise, and late active exercise. The exercise groups underwent treadmill running for seven weeks, five days per week. Cognitive performance was assessed using the novel object recognition (NOR) test, while oxidative stress biomarkers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) were analyzed from brain tissue samples (hippocampus) following already established methods. Meanwhile the NO were assessed using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).RESULTS: This study showed that exercise timing did not significantly affect non-spatial memory performance. However, early active exercise led to a significant increase in SOD and GSH levels compared to the control and late active exercise groups, suggesting enhanced antioxidant activity. Conversely, late active exercise did not significantly impact oxidative stress markers. No changes was found in the NO concentration in both exercise timing.CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that exercise performed during the early active phase may be more beneficial for oxidative stress regulation, potentially contributing to long-term cognitive resilience.KEYWORDS: circadian rhythm, exercise timing, cognitive function, oxidative stress
Association between Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Dietary Fiber Intake and Body Mass Index among Undergraduate Students in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Mat Ludin, Arimi Fitri; Ismail, Munirah; Othman, Mohd Sham; Vanoh, Divya; Huoy Tyng, Chai; Ibrahim, Irdina; Surang, Jasmine Lavang; Jayiddin, Muhammad Adam; Ibrahim, Noor Afiifah; Abdullah, Nur Arina Shazrina; Harun, Nur Athirah; Rashidi, Nur Fatihah; Chen, Lew Leong
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: A fiber-rich diet lowers the risk of various diseases by increasing fecal bulk, shortening intestinal transit time, and stimulating intestinal flora. This study examines the association between knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding dietary fiber intake and body mass index (BMI) among Dentistry and Software Engineering undergraduates. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 95 Dentistry and 92 Software Engineering students at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The KAP questionnaire was analyzed for its reliability using Cronbach’s alpha and distributed through email. Results: Most respondents had normal weight. The Software Engineering students had a higher percentage of overweight and obese individuals than the Dentistry students. KAP measurements for both groups were moderate across all variables. No differences were found in attitude and practice levels between both groups. However, the Software Engineering students had higher knowledge of dietary fiber intake. KAP did not influence BMI in both groups. Factor analysis showed a high association between KAP on dietary fiber intake and BMI status among Software Engineering students compared to dentistry students. Conclusions: The level of KAP on dietary fiber intake is associated with BMI status among undergraduate students.
Co-Authors Abdul Warif, Nor Malia Abdullah, Nur Arina Shazrina Adriyan Pramono Ahmad Abdullah, Amirul Hafiz Amran, Amerull Daneal Anas, Nur Diyana Asmadi, Nurfarahin Che Din, Normah Che Hasan, Ahmad Muhaimin Chen, Lew Leong Fairof, Muhammad Hafiz Zuhdi Ghazali, Ahmad Rohi Harun, Dzalani Harun, Nur Athirah Huoy Tyng, Chai Husna, Ainaa Ibrahim, Farah Wahida Ibrahim, Irdina Ibrahim, Noor Afiifah Ishak, Ismarulyusda Ismail, Munirah Jayiddin, Muhammad Adam Lim, Amanda Priscilla Mariappan, Vanitha Marzuki, Nur Aqilah Md. Zahir, Mohd Zaharen Othman, Mohd Sham Rajab, Nor Fadilah Rashidi, Nur Fatihah Razali, Nur Athirah Rosli, Hanisah Shaidin, Amira Aqilah Surang, Jasmine Lavang Sze Yuen, Lew Vallavan, Vimalah Vanoh, Divya Yaacob, Muhamad Toriq Yusop, Norizatul Hidayah