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All Journal Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Makara Journal of Health Research
Vanoh, Divya
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Health Professions

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Effectiveness of Cosmos caudatus Extract in Improving Health-Related Parameters among Older Adults with Sarcopenia: A Study Protocol Nazri, Nurul Syahidah; Vanoh, Divya; Murugaiyah, Vikneswaran; Ibrahim, Baharudin; Kannan, Thirumulu Ponnuraj; Wan Ishak, Wan Rosli; Shahar, Suzana
Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Vol. 19 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : The Food and Nutrition Society of Indonesia in collaboration with the Department of Community Nutrition, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2024.19.2.87-89

Abstract

This is a randomized, two-arm, double-blind, placebo-controlled study that will be performed among older adults in Kelantan, Malaysia, for 12 weeks. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of a 12-week Cosmos caudatus (C. caudatus) extract supplementation on dietary intake, cognition, mental health, sleep quality, disability, gut microbiota, physical activity, frailty, metabolites, and protein synthesis pathways among older adults with sarcopenia. This study will involve 64 older adults diagnosed with sarcopenia that will be enrolled and randomly allocated with 1:1 ratio, where 32 subjects required in both intervention and placebo group. The intervention group will receive 500 mg/day of C. caudatus supplementation, while the placebo group will be given 500 mg/day of maltodextrin. Study outcomes including sarcopenia status, dementia, motoric cognitive risk, dietary pattern, anthropometric data, physical fitness, mental health, disability and sleep quality will be measured. Blood will be taken for analysis of protein synthesis pathways (using blood plasma) and untargeted metabolomics at baseline and the 12th week. Fecal sample will be collected from a subsample of 24 subjects for gut microbiota analysis. This study is one of the pioneers randomized controlled trials to evaluate C. caudatus efficacy on various health related outcomes among sarcopenic community-dwelling elderly. This study findings are hoped to have the potential to improve health awareness of ulam or fresh salad consumption, specifically C. caudatus and prove its effectiveness as a nutraceutical product for older adults with sarcopenia. The Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) has this trial listed as registered with code (ACTRN12623000046606p).
Risk Factors of Subjective Cognitive Decline among Older People with Low Socioeconomic Status Muhamad Nazri, Ameer Izzuddin; Vanoh, Divya; Leng, Soo Kah; Badrasawi, Manal
Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Vol. 18 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : The Food and Nutrition Society of Indonesia in collaboration with the Department of Community Nutrition, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2023.18.2.127-136

Abstract

The aim of the study is to investigate the predictors associated with Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD)especially among older people with low socioeconomic status. This was a cross- sectional study involving older people with low socioeconomic status in Kelantan, which is one of the poorest states in Malaysia. Data of anthropometry, body composition, cognitive function, sarcopenia, depressive symptoms, medical history, blood pressure and polypharmacy were obtained via face-to-face interview. SCD was determined by a single item in the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Variables were analysed using the binary logistic regression model for identification of risk factors. A total of 293 older people with mean age of 69.1 years old was recruited. The SCD proportion in this study was 24.6%. One unit increase in Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score increases risk of subjective cognitive decline by odds of 1.814 (OR=0.595: 95% CI:1.441–2.283; p<0.001). Meanwhile, those with diabetes have a tendency of 2.972 to have SCD as compared to non-diabetics (OR=1.089: 95% CI:1.062–8.315; p<0.038). The prevalence of SCD in this study is high and may contribute to cognitive impairment. The predictors of SCD were larger waist circumference, having diabetes, and increasing score in GDS. SCD must be screened earlier and healthy lifestyle must be emphasized. Routine screening and monitoring of non-communicable disease risk factors are important for the prevention of SCD.
Underreported Energy Intake Methods with Metabolic Risk Outcomes among Overweight and Obese Teachers in East Coast, Malaysia Fauziyyah, Hana; Zainuddin, NurZetty Sofia; Vanoh, Divya; Hazizi, Aqilah Hadhirah; Mardhiah, Sri Zulyanti
Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Food and Nutrition Society of Indonesia in collaboration with the Department of Community Nutrition, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2025.20.2.81-90

Abstract

This study compares three methods of detecting EI (Energy Intake) underreporting and examines their associations with body composition measures—such as Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat percentage, and muscle mass—as well as blood test results, including fasting blood sugar and lipid profiles among overweight and obese adults in East Coast, Malaysia. A total of 333 secondary school teachers, aged 20 to 60 years, were recruited using multistage sampling for this cross-sectional study. We collected sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and biochemical parameters using standardized and validated instruments. Dietary intake data were obtained using validated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Underreporting was assessed using the revised-Goldberg method (EI/ Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) ratio of 1.2 and 0.9, based on the Mifflin-St Jeor equation) and the EI sex-specific <2.5th and >97.5th percentile. The majority of participants were Malay (98.8%), with a mean age of 48.85±6.88 years old. On average, they were classified as overweight (BMI: 29.30±3.74 kg/m²) and had a high waist circumference (91.66±10.40 cm). The discrepancy between the Goldberg EI/BMR<1.2 and EI sex-specific<2.5th and >97.5th percentile method (26.1% vs. 4.8% underreporters) reflects the higher sensitivity but lower specificity of the Goldberg method, which may have led to higher underreporting estimates to the EI sex-specific<2.5th and >97.5th percentile approach. There were significant association (p<0.05) between energy intake and body fat percentages, visceral fat and High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C ) for all three EI underreporting methods. Meanwhile, there was significant association (p<0.005) between energy intake and diastolic blood pressure using EI sex-specific percentile. The EI sex-specific <2.5th and >97.5th percentile method shows promising for detecting EI misreporting in overweight and obese adults. However, further research is needed to validate these findings, as the method remains underexplored.
Association between Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Dietary Fiber Intake and Body Mass Index among Undergraduate Students in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Mat Ludin, Arimi Fitri; Ismail, Munirah; Othman, Mohd Sham; Vanoh, Divya; Huoy Tyng, Chai; Ibrahim, Irdina; Surang, Jasmine Lavang; Jayiddin, Muhammad Adam; Ibrahim, Noor Afiifah; Abdullah, Nur Arina Shazrina; Harun, Nur Athirah; Rashidi, Nur Fatihah; Chen, Lew Leong
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: A fiber-rich diet lowers the risk of various diseases by increasing fecal bulk, shortening intestinal transit time, and stimulating intestinal flora. This study examines the association between knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding dietary fiber intake and body mass index (BMI) among Dentistry and Software Engineering undergraduates. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 95 Dentistry and 92 Software Engineering students at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The KAP questionnaire was analyzed for its reliability using Cronbach’s alpha and distributed through email. Results: Most respondents had normal weight. The Software Engineering students had a higher percentage of overweight and obese individuals than the Dentistry students. KAP measurements for both groups were moderate across all variables. No differences were found in attitude and practice levels between both groups. However, the Software Engineering students had higher knowledge of dietary fiber intake. KAP did not influence BMI in both groups. Factor analysis showed a high association between KAP on dietary fiber intake and BMI status among Software Engineering students compared to dentistry students. Conclusions: The level of KAP on dietary fiber intake is associated with BMI status among undergraduate students.
Health Literacy: How is it Related to Body Mass Index of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus? Azizi, Maisarah Shaik; Vanoh, Divya; Yudin, Zainab Mat
Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Vol. 17 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : The Food and Nutrition Society of Indonesia in collaboration with the Department of Community Nutrition, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (288.323 KB) | DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2022.17.3.195-204

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the level of health literacy and determines the association between health literacy and BMI among T2DM patients in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM). A cross-sectional study was conducted among 96 patients with T2DM. Health literacy was measured using the Malay version of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire 16 (HLS–EU–Q16).Information about sociodemographic, weight, height, and body mass index were obtained. The majority of the participants had sufficient health literacy (60.4%), whereas the mean BMI of patients was 28.59 kg/m2. A significant association was found between BMI with health literacy levels. The median BMI value of the sufficient health literacy group was significantly higher, 28.38( 6.02) than the problematic health literacy group, 25.38 (7.52) using Kruskal Wallis test. This indicates that health literacy may be a predictor of BMI. Or maybe, the other way around is true, increased BMI may result in increased awareness on health. Still, other stronger determinants besides health literacy such as income and dietary intake which were not included in this study might influence the BMI of T2DM patients.
Determinants of Poor Diet Quality among Elderly with Low Socioeconomic Status Nazri, Nurul Syahidah; Vanoh, Divya; Leng, Soo Kah
Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Vol. 18 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : The Food and Nutrition Society of Indonesia in collaboration with the Department of Community Nutrition, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2023.18.3.147-156

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors that contribute to the elderly with low socioeconomic status eating poor-quality diets. Two hundreds and ninety three (293) senior citizens, including 136 men and 157 women, were sought out from five districts in Kelantan. Data on socio-demography, medical history, empty nest, depressive symptoms and diet history were obtained through an interview-administered method. Anthropometry measurement including height, weight and circumferences (waist, hip, calf and mid-upper arm) were measured. Body composition were measured using body composition monitor to obtain muscle mass and fat mass. Blood pressure were measured using blood pressure monitor. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) algorithm was used to determine the diagnosis of sarcopenia. 48.8% of the participants were underweight. The majority of participants fell short of the suggested daily calorie consumption. 42% of the participants had poor diet quality according to Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score. Hypercholesterolemia and poor Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score were found to be risk factors of poor diet quality. Therefore, nutrition interventions are important to help low-income families especially with older adults to improve their nutritional status for reducing risk of sarcopenia and chronic diseases.
Mindful Eating and Its Link with Dietary Intake and Obesity Risk among Adults and Older Adults: A Scoping Review Fauziyyah, Hana; Zainuddin, NurZetty Sofia; Vanoh, Divya; Ahmad, Affizal; Draman, Nani; Hazizi, Aqilah Hadhirah
Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : The Food and Nutrition Society of Indonesia in collaboration with the Department of Community Nutrition, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2025.20.3.197-208

Abstract

The current review aimed to map the available evidence on the assessments of mindful eating and dietary intake, and the relationship between mindful eating level, food group intake, nutrient intake, and obesity risk. This scoping review is based on Preferred Reporting Items for the Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Extension for the Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) 2020 framework. A literature search was conducted on Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases for studies published between 2014 to 2024, identifying eligible primary studies involving adult and elderly participants. Twenty-two studies were chosen for this review. Most studies assessed mindful eating using Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ), Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Mindful eating practice was associated with lower snack consumption, and specific sub-scales showed a favorable correlation (p<0.05) with fruit and vegetable intake.  Body Mass Index (BMI) reductions were observed  in the intervention group (MD 0.51, p<0.001). This scoping review demonstrates the scientific basis of the mindful eating promote increased consumption of nutritious foods and nutrients, which is likely to lead to a reduction in obesity risk.
Co-Authors Abdullah, Nur Arina Shazrina Ahmad, Affizal Azizi, Maisarah Shaik Badrasawi, Manal Chen, Lew Leong Draman, Nani Fauziyyah, Hana Harun, Nur Athirah Hazizi, Aqilah Hadhirah Huoy Tyng, Chai Ibrahim, Baharudin Ibrahim, Irdina Ibrahim, Noor Afiifah Ismail, Munirah Jayiddin, Muhammad Adam Kannan, Thirumulu Ponnuraj Leng, Soo Kah Mardhiah, Sri Zulyanti Mat Ludin, Arimi Fitri Muhamad Nazri, Ameer Izzuddin Murugaiyah, Vikneswaran Nazri, Nurul Syahidah Othman, Mohd Sham Rashidi, Nur Fatihah Shahar, Suzana Surang, Jasmine Lavang Wan Ishak, Wan Rosli Yudin, Zainab Mat Zainuddin, NurZetty Sofia