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Optimization of Small Run-of-River Hydropower Plant Capacity Khairullah Yusuf; Yulius Rief Alkhaly; Amalia Amalia
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology Vol 2, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Master Program of Information Technology, Universitas Malikussaleh, Aceh Utara, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (341.353 KB) | DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v2i3.290

Abstract

The small hydropower plant with a run-of-river concept are being increasingly adopted in less developed and developed countries. The optimization of the plant capacity is critical in the successful development of the plant. The adoption of the current technology will assist in the optimization of the plant development. The important criteria in the evaluation of the optimization are the energy output and plant factor of the plant. In this study, twelve scenarios by varying the installed capacity in range of 4MW to 7.5MW has been simulated in order to obtain the most optimum installed capacity of the plant. In respect to the installed capacity, by the adopting the same available net head of 246.75 m, the design flow would be in range of 1.872 m3/s to 3.510 m3/s with the probability of the flow exceeds or equal to the design flow in range of 29.2% to 8.9%. In the energy calculation, the amount of 0.063 m3/s has been deducted from the available daily flow for the ecological flow. It shows that the energy output for the plant 4MW and 7.5MW would be in range 23 589 MWhr to 28 636 MWhr, respectively. The plant factor of the plant based on all the scenarios are 67.32% for the 4MW plant and 43.59% for the 7.5MW plant. Based on the hydraulic parameters, it was found that the most suitable type of turbine for the plant would be pelton turbines. Based on the relationship between installed capacity, energy output and plant factor, it concludes that the optimum installed capacity is at 5 MW plant.
The Effect of The Use Of Foam Agent and Clam Shell Powder on The Compressive Strength and Absorbency of Concrete Teuku Ikmal; Sari Indah Manik; Khairullah Yusuf; David Sarana; Amalia Amalia
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology Vol 2, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Master Program of Information Technology, Universitas Malikussaleh, Aceh Utara, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (268.162 KB) | DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v2i3.315

Abstract

A foaming agent is a concentrated solution of surfactant material that must be dissolved in water before mixing with other concrete material. The foaming agent is used to produce lightweight concrete with a density is £ 1.900 kg/m³. Using foam agents may affect the compressive strength and absorbency of the concrete. Hence, adding clam shells is expected to improve the compressive strength of the foam concrete. In addition, it is also essential to investigate the effects of utilizing foam agents and clam shells on the density of the foam concrete. Nine concrete mixes namely 1 variation of standard concrete, four variations of concrete mixes with foam agent, and four variations of concrete with foam agent and calm shell have been studied to investigate the parameters.The variation of foam agents in the eight concrete mixes were 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by water weight. The last four variations contained clamshell of 5% by weight of fine aggregate. The foam agent wasfoamingduced by mixing with a ratio of water and foam agent of 40:1. The experimental results show that at the variation of 20% foam agent, the density reduced by 34.55% and 26.89% for foam concrete with and without clam shell compared to normal concrete. I contrast, adding clamshell also lowered down the compressive strength of foam concrete by 79.86% and 74.96% for the variations. Meanwhile, the highest absorption rate of 1.65% or increased about 6.45% from normal concrete occurred at a variation foam agent of 15% mixed with clamshell. It was concluded that the use of clam shell in the foam concrete seems to decrease the strength of the foam concrete. However, in terms of density, the use of clam shells benefits foam concrete by lowering the self-weight of concrete.