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All Journal Proceeding International Conference on Information Technology and Business Journal of Law and Legal Reform
Roziya Abu
Faculty of Information Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA
Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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VALUATION OF THE YOUTH’S SELF-IDENTITY VIA PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS Ahmad Zaharuddin Sani Ahmad Sabri; Shamshuritawati Sharif; Roziya Abu; Rozira Abu
Prosiding International conference on Information Technology and Business (ICITB) 2020: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND BUSINESS (ICITB) 6
Publisher : Proceeding International Conference on Information Technology and Business

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Abstract

Self-identity is believed to be an important determinant of psychological well-being that is mostly challenging during young life stage. Youth with high self-identity able to develop positive attitude such as self-confidence, more optimist, and accept disagreement. Therefore, in this study, Northern Region of Peninsular Malaysia was investigated to identify the most influential factors that contributing to the youth’s self-identity. The data first investigate by using descriptive statistics followed by a multivariate statistical analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized to simplify the complex relationship among 35 self-identity parameters. Based on 63.85 total variation in the data, the results show that youth’s self-identity are influent by four main factors which are religion, patriotism, economy and government aids. This study presents the usefulness of PCA in evaluating the factors of self-identity. It is valuable for educators to conceive optimum action plans for controlling low self-identity in future generation. Finding of this study on the self-identity of young generation in the state of Kedah are discussed. Taking into consideration are the complexity of Malaysian society, one that consists of differences in ethnicity, class, education, religion, language and geographical location, which in itself produces young Malaysians of various identities.Keywords: Youth, Self-identity, multivariate statistics, principal component analysis
Economic Assistance as a Form of Non-Penal Policy in Countering Terrorism for Ex-Prisoners in Indonesia Ali Masyhar; Ali Murtadho; Rohadhatul Aisy; Roziya Abu
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Justice and Law Reform in Various Perspectives
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.vol5i2.7558

Abstract

This study highlights the critical role of economic assistance as a non-penal policy in countering terrorism among ex-prisoners in Indonesia. Economic stability emerges as a significant factor in mitigating criminal behavior, particularly terrorism, by addressing the economic roots of radical ideologies. Traditional counterterrorism measures in Indonesia have predominantly focused on punitive approaches, targeting individuals who have committed terrorism offenses through formulation, judicial application, and executive enforcement of penal policies. However, there is an increasing recognition of the limitations of solely punitive measures in preventing recidivism and addressing the broader socio-economic factors that contribute to radicalization. The findings underscore the efficacy of economic interventions in disrupting the cycle of terrorism by providing viable alternatives to individuals vulnerable to radical ideologies due to economic hardships. By offering economic assistance, such as vocational training, job placement programs, and financial support, governments can empower ex-prisoners to reintegrate into society positively. This approach not only enhances the economic stability of former offenders but also reduces their susceptibility to re-engaging in terrorist activities. Moreover, integrating economic welfare assistance into broader counterterrorism strategies promotes a holistic approach that complements punitive measures with preventive measures. It acknowledges the need for synergy between punitive and non-penal policies to effectively combat terrorism. Such integrated strategies are essential for long-term success in reducing terrorism by addressing its socio-economic underpinnings and fostering sustainable peace and stability. In conclusion, this study advocates for the prioritization and implementation of economic assistance programs tailored for ex-prisoners in Indonesia as a crucial component of comprehensive counterterrorism efforts. By investing in economic stability, governments can effectively undermine the appeal of radical ideologies and contribute to lasting security and societal resilience.
Co-Authors Ahmad Zaharuddin Sani Ahmad Sabri Ali Masyhar Ali Murtadho Rohadhatul Aisy Rozira Abu Shamshuritawati Sharif