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Muhammad Kamal
Jurusan Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Environmental Science Mechanical Engineering

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Viabilitas Benih Kedelai (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) Varietas Grobogan dan Argomulyo akibat Pengusangan Cepat dengan Uap Jenuh Etanol atau Periode Simpan : Viability of Soybean Seeds (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) of Grobogan and Argomulyo Varieties due to Accelerated Aging Using Ethanol Saturated Vapour or Storage Period Rizki Rama Danti Putri; Eko Pramono; Muhammad Kamal
Open Science and Technology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2021): Open Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/ost.vol1no1.2021.3

Abstract

Kemunduran benih dapat dipercepat dengan penuaan yang dipercepat menggunakan perlakuan uap jenuh etanol, dan viabilitasnya menjadi lebih rendah dengan deraan uap jenuh etanol yang lebih lama. Viabilitas benih juga lebih rendah karena periode penyimpanan yang lebih lama. Dua percobaan masing-masing menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dilakukan untuk melihat viabilitas benih dari dua varietas kedelai Grobogan dan Argomulyo oleh pengaruh periode penyimpanan atau oleh lama deraan uap jenuh etanol. Sebagian benih kedelai disimpan dan viabilitasnya diamati setiap bulan hingga enam bulan. Sebagian benih lainnya diperlakukan dengan deraan uap jenuh etanol dan viabilitasnya diamati setiap 30 menit deraan hingga 180 menit. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa viabilitas benih kedelai Grobogan dan Argomulyo selama penyimpanan 0-6 bulan adalah sama, seperti halnya pengusangan cepat 0-150 menit. Viabilitas benih Grobogan pada pasca lama penderaan 120-180 menit dalam uap etanol jenuh lebih rendah dari viabilitasnya selama penyimpanan 4-6 bulan, sedangkan viabilitas benih Argomulyo pasca lama deraan 60-180 menit lebih rendah daripada pasca lama simpan 2-6 bulan. Seed deterioration can be accelerated by accelerated aging using the treatment of ethanol saturated vapour, and its viability becomes lower by the longer exposure to the ethanol saturated vapor. The viability of the seed is also lower by the longer period storage. Two sets of studies each using a completely randomized design were conducted to determine the viability of the seeds of two Grobogan and Argomulyo soybean varieties by the influence of the storage period 0- 6 months or by the length of exposure to ethanol saturated vapor. A part soybean seeds were stored and their viability were observed every month to six months. Another part of the seeds were treated by exposing them to saturate ethanol vapor and then their viability were observed every 30 minutes of exposure to 180 minutes.  The results of the experiments showed that the viability of Grobogan and Argomulyo soybean seeds during 0-6 months of storage were the same, as waere the rapid aging of 0-150 minutes. The viability of Grobogan seeds after 120-180 minutes of aging in saturated ethanol vapour was lower than its viability during storage for 4-6 months, while the viability of Argomulyo seeds after 60-180 minutes of aging was lower than after 2-6 months of storage.
Pengaruh Pengusangan Cepat dengan Laruta Etanol dan Metode Penyimpanan Dibawah 27,3±0,9°C Pada Viabilitas Kedelai (Glycine Max [L.] Merrill.): Effects of Accelerated Aging with Ethanol Solution or Conventional Storage under Temperature of 27,3±0,9 ?c on Viability of Soybean Seeds (Glycine max [L.] merrill.) Hamida Muliana Sari; Eko Pramono; Muhammad Kamal; Agustiansyah
Open Science and Technology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2021): Open Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/ost.vol1no1.2021.4

Abstract

Benih yang diberi perlakuan larutan etanol dengan konsentrasi yang semakin tinggi akan mengalami lebih banyak kemunduran dan viabilitasnya akan rendah. Kejadian ini mirip dengan benih yang disimpan untuk periode simpan alami yang lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan viabilitas benih dari dua varietas kedelai akibat pengusangan cepat maupun periode simpan alami. Pengusangan cepat dengan menggunakan larutan etanol 8% dengan intensitas 0, 2, ..., 12 jam. Lama penyimpanan alami yang digunakan adalah 0- 6 bulan di ruang penyimpanan bersuhu 27,3±0,9 ?C. Dua varietas benih kedelai adalah Grobogan dan Argomulyo. Viabilitas yang diukur adalah persentase kecambah normal total (KNT) dan kecepatan perkecambahan (KP), yang keduanya diamati pada setiap akhir perlakuan pengusangan cepat atau pada setiap akhir periode simpan alami. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa viabilitas benih kedua varietas kedelai, baik diukur dengan KNT maupun KP, selama penyimpanan 0 sampai 6 bulan tidak berbeda secara signifikan berdasarkan uji t-student 5% dari benih yang diamati pada perlakuan pengusangan cepat 0-12 jam dengan larutan etanol 8 %. Seeds given treatment of etanol solution with increasingly high concentration deteriorate and reduce its viability. This phenomenon is similar to seeds that were conventionaly stored for long period. The aim of this experiment is to compare seeds viability of two soybean varieties due to accelerated aging caused and natural storage period treatments. The accelerated aging uses 8% ethanol as solution with aging intensity of 0, 2, ..., 12 hours. The conventional storage storaging period last for 0 to 6 months with tempereture of 27,3±0,9 ?C. Two varieties of soybean seed that were used are Grobogan and Argomulyo. The viability measured were percentage of normal seedlings (PNS) and germination speed (GS), both were observed at the end of treatments of aging or at the end of treatments storage periods. The results showed that the seeds viability of the two soybean varieties, both measured with PNS and GS, during storage was not difterent significantly according 5% t-student test from those seeds exposured to accelerated aging treatments of  0-12 hours with ethanol solution 8%.
Kajian Viabilitas Benih Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor [L] Moench.) Varietas Numbu dan UPCA-S2 Akibat Pengusangan Dipercepat maupun Periode Simpan Alami: The Study of Sorghum Seeds Viability (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench.) Varietas Numbu and UPCA-S2 Due to Accelerated Aging and Natural Storage Periods Ni Made Herawati; Eko Pramono; Muhammad Kamal
Open Science and Technology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2021): Open Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/ost.vol1no1.2021.5

Abstract

Kemunduran benih dapat terjadi akibat lamanya periode penyimpanan atau pengusangan cepat. Viabilitas benih akan lebih rendah karena meningkatnya kemunduran benih. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan viabilitas benih sorgum varietas Numbu dan UPCA-S2, karena periode simpan alami dan karena pengusangan cepat. Intensitas pengusangan cepat adalah meningkatnya konsentrasi larutan etanol. Sebagian benih disimpan di dalam ruangan bersuhu 27,3 ± 0,9 ?C dan viabilitasnya diamati secara berkala setiap dua bulan hingga 6 bulan. Sebagian benih sorgum lainnya diperlakukan dengan melembabkannya dalam larutan etanol dengan peningkatan konsentrasi 0, 4, 8, dan 12%, masing-masing selama 24 jam. Periode simpan alami dan juga perlakuan intensitas pengusangan cepat berpengaruh secara signifikan (P <0,01) pada persentase kecambah normal dan kecepatan perkecambahan. Viabilitas benih kedelai Numbu maupun UPCA-S2 menurun secara signifikan pada perlakuan pengusangan cepat dengan konsentrasi etanol 8%, juga pada perlakuan periode penyimpanan dua bulan. Seed deterioration can occur by the length of the storage period or accelerated aging. The viability of seeds will be lower due to increasing seed deterioration. This experiment aimed to compare the viability of the seeds of two varieties of sorghum, Numbu, and UPCA-S2, due to the natural storage period and due to accelerated aging.  The intensity of aging was the increasing concentration of ethanol solution. Some seeds were stored in a room with a temperature of  27,3 ± 0,9?C, and their viability was observed periodically every 2 months up to 6 months. Some other sorghum seeds were treated by moisturizing them in ethanol solution with increasing concentrations, 0, 4, 8, and 12%, each for 24 hours. Seed viability was observed at each end of the rapid aging treatment. The storage period and the intensity of aging treatment significantly (P<0,01) reduced the percentage of normal seedling and germination speed.  The viability of Numbu soybean seeds and UPCA-S2 decreased significantly in the accelerated aging treatment with 8% ethanol concentration, also in the two-month storage period treatment.
Co-Authors Agustiansyah Eko Pramono Hamida Muliana Sari Ni Made Herawati Rizki Rama Danti Putri