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Father Absence and Female Masculinity in Little Women (2019) and Yuni (2021) Rizqiyah, Nafiatur; Hidayatullah, Danial
JENTERA: Jurnal Kajian Sastra Vol 13, No 1 (2024): Jentera: Jurnal Kajian Sastra
Publisher : Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/jentera.v13i1.6325

This research aims to find the relation between the father's absence and the masculinity of the daughter and how the father's absence can influence a daughter's masculine behavior in characters Jo of Little Women (2019) and Yuni of Yuni (2021). Therefore, the researcher found the relationship between these issues using Carl Jung's father absence theory and Jack Halberstam's female masculinity theory. Then researchers use qualitative methods by interpreting or defining the comparison of Jo and Yuni's characters. The data units in this research are scenes of the movie that are explained through story narration and the lingual unit of verbal dialogues. Then, the researcher created a database to facilitate the analysis process, which collects data as a dialogue. Then, the researcher assigns markings or codes to the data to divide the relevant dialogue. Next, to analyze the data, the researcher adjusting the behavior of Jo and Yuni related to the female masculinity variable, namely tomboy or, more specifically, independent and rebellious behavior. From those behaviors, the researcher determines the root cause of the existing similarities. After that, the researcher concludes the findings. The results obtained in this research are father’s absence has been shown to affect daughters' masculinity. Then, there is a tendency for tomboy behavior in them. These behaviors are independence and rebellion. Both behaviors arise because of the form of father's absence experienced. Then, the daughter who experiences a father's absence not must have the same form of behavior. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan hubungan antara ketidakhadiran ayah dan maskulinitas anak perempuan dan bagaimana ketidakhadiran ayah dapat mempengaruhi perilaku maskulin anak perempuan pada karakter Jo dari Little Women (2019) dan Yuni dari Yuni (2021). Oleh karena itu, peneliti menemukan hubungan antara isu-isu tersebut dengan menggunakan teori ketidakhadiran ayah dari Carl Jung dan teori maskulinitas perempuan dari Jack Halberstam. Kemudian peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan memaknai atau mendefinisikan perbandingan karakter Jo dan Yuni. Unit data dalam penelitian ini adalah adegan-adegan film yang dijelaskan melalui narasi cerita dan unit lingual berupa dialog verbal. Kemudian, peneliti membuat database untuk memudahkan proses analisis, yaitu mengumpulkan data berupa dialog. Kemudian, peneliti memberikan tanda atau kode pada data untuk membagi dialog yang relevan. Selanjutnya, untuk menganalisis data, peneliti menyesuaikan perilaku Jo dan Yuni yang berkaitan dengan variabel maskulinitas perempuan, yaitu tomboi atau, lebih spesifiknya, perilaku mandiri dan pemberontak. Dari perilaku tersebut, peneliti menentukan akar penyebab dari kesamaan yang ada. Setelah itu, peneliti menyimpulkan hasil temuannya. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah ketidakhadiran ayah terbukti mempengaruhi maskulinitas anak perempuan. Kemudian, terdapat kecenderungan perilaku tomboi pada diri mereka. Perilaku tersebut adalah kemandirian dan pemberontakan. Kedua perilaku tersebut muncul karena bentuk ketidakhadiran ayah yang dialami. Kemudian, anak perempuan yang mengalami ketidakhadiran ayah belum tentu memiliki bentuk perilaku yang sama.

UNVEILING VULNERABILITY: TRAUMA’S REFLECTION ON MASCULINITY IN MOONLIGHT (2016) AND KUCUMBU TUBUH INDAHKU (2018) Anggriati, Sri Widia; Hidayatullah, Danial
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 8 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajbs.2024.080103

This research aims to compare and investigate the trauma that affects men's masculinity in two different movies from America and Indonesia. This research compares two male characters who both experienced traumatic experiences but, in contrast, have different masculinities due to the influence of the trauma as well as the socio-cultural context they experienced. The objects of comparison for this research are the character Juno from the movie Kucumbu Tubuh Indahku (2018) and the character Chiron from the movie Moonlight (2016). The two characters share similarities in the causes of trauma, but they express different masculinities. To analyze this research, the comparative literature method, the theory of trauma by Levine (2008) and the theory of masculinity by R.W. Connell (2005) were used. The research results show that social-cultural influences play an important role in dealing with a person's trauma which can ultimately affect their masculinity. Juno does not receive social support from the people around him. He remains in subordinate masculinity. Meanwhile, Chiron, who received social support, experienced a change in his masculinity from subordinate masculinity to hegemonic masculinity.

INTERSEKSI MASKULINITAS DAN AGAMA DALAM CERPEN ROBOHNYA SURAU KAMI KARYA A. A. NAVIS Hidayatullah, Danial
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 1 No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

This research aims to find out how gender and narrative correlate to each other. Traditionally speaking, gender is only related to one of the intrinsic aspects, the character, which is usually inside the plot. Although in this short story the narrator is character-bound narrator, the narrator is not in the fabula or plot. The implication is that it can be assumed that gender plays its role. The narrator in this short story obviously gets involved in the contestation of masculinity of the characters. The method of narratology is employed to dig out all of the masculine contestation, among the main characters (Ajo Sidi and Sang Kakek/the Oldman) and the narrator. The result shows that the masculinity of Ajo Sidi belongs to the hegemonic masculinity and the masculinity of the Oldman belongs to the non-hegemonic masculinity. The contestation of masculinity represents the binary opposition between active and passive masculinity. In this respect, the masculinity of the Oldman, which is passive, can be binarized as the feminine rather than masculine one.

MASKULINITAS DAN KESALEHAN DALAM NOVEL PEREMPUAN BERKALUNG SORBAN KARYA ABIDAH EL-KHALIEQY Hidayatullah, Danial; Udasmoro, Wening
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 3 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

Identifying the correlation between masculinities and piety in Abidah El-Khalieqy’s Perempuan Berkalung Sorban [A Woman in a Turban] is a way to understand how gender works within a particular culture. As masculinity is not a monolithic concept, the mode of its correlation with piety varies. Based on the analysis of the characters and their characterizations in the novel, it is found that, from the perspective of the female narrator, the practice of piety leads to victimization and oppression of women when it is inscribed with hegemonic masculinity and vice versa. By applying narratology, this research is able to reveal the discursive practices from the combination of masculinities and piety. Khudori is a new kind of character which shares a positive masculinity dreamt by moslem women although his maculinity resembles the non-hegemonic ones. The other kinds of masculinity in this novel that function as a contrast show that the combination of piety and hegemonic masculinity is not desirable. On a structural side, Khudori is created as a part of the structural aspects which serves as a dramatic functionality that fits him best to be a flat character.

ROMANTICIZING ILLNESS: THE REPRESENTATION OF LOVE AND DISEASE IN THE MOVIES 'MIDNIGHT SUN' AND 'MEET ME AFTER SUNSET' Umara, Aurachel; Hidayatullah, Danial
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i1.10004

This study aims to find out how love and disease are represented as discourse in the movies entitled Midnight Sun (2018) and Meet Me After Sunset (2018). How the discourse of disease and love is constructed simultaneously in the stories of two characters with different social and cultural backgrounds is crucial to probe because discourses convey and create power and hierarchy. This study compares two characters who suffer from a rare disease named xeroderma pigmentosum. The disease makes them sensitive to sunlight in the teenage phase during which they experience falling in love. The main objects of comparison are the movie characters Katie from Midnight Sun and Gadis in Meet Me After Sunset. This study employs comparative methods which are appropriate to analyze how different socio-cultures can influence the discourse on love and illness. Discourses and constructs regarding love and illness in popular literature, including movies, cannot be fully understood without referring to gender and socio-culture. Illness is romanticized in Meet Me After Sunset and Midnight Sun. In the Indonesian context, the discourse of love as freedom is less obvious. In contrast, the discourse of isolation and the lack of agency are more advocated compared to the American counterpart. It is due to the differences in cultural patterns that operate in both movies. The discourse of illness in both stories leads to a binary gender hierarchy that associates masculinity with health, while femininity is associated with illness. The isolation caused by disease can also be associated with domestic femininity, which then becomes the idealized value of femininity in both movies.

Red Badge of Courage and Jalan Tak Ada Ujung: Comparing Indonesia’s and America’s National Masculinity Hidayatullah, Danial
k@ta: A Biannual Publication on the Study of Language and Literature Vol. 25 No. 2 (2023): DECEMBER 2023
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Humanities & Creative Industries, Petra Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9744/kata.25.2.81-91

Masculinity linked to conflict or war is often seen as hegemonic. This research offers two literary texts from two different countries: Stephen Crane’s The Red Badge of Courage (2005) and Muchtar Lubis’ Jalan Tak Ada Ujung (The Endless Road) (1952). By comparing and contrasting both countries in terms of non-hegemonic masculinities of the protagonist characters, the pattern of masculinities of each nation, which is often overlooked, can be explainable. We can identify variations of masculinities in classic fiction, which reflect the national discourses. By utilizing the notion of focalization, the method of narratology can locate the power relation and agency in the story. Post-war anxiety as well as the ideology of fatherism and momism constructs the national gendered discoures. Indonesia’s masculinity resists the legitimate and privileged as well as the status-quo concept of national masculinity. The resistance implies that Indonesia’s national masculinity is more diverse and progressive than America’s is.

From Victim To Perpetrator: Comparing The Shift Of Rape Narrative Focus In Audrie & Daisy (2016) And Photocopier (2021) Pratiwi, Viana Aulia; Hidayatullah, Danial
Musãwa Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam Vol. 24 No. 1 (2025):
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & The Asia Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/musawa.2025.241.104-119

Abstrak Meski berbeda latar belakang - Amerika dan Indonesia - seperti sosio-kultural, dan tingkat pendidikan, namun pelaku pelecehan dalam Audrie & Daisy (2016) dan Photocopier (2021) patut ditelusuri lebih lanjut dengan asumsi bahwa teks dunia pertama berbeda dengan teks dunia ketiga dalam kaitannya dengan wacana perempuan sebagai subjek dan agen. Mengungkap bagaimana pergeseran fokus naratif dalam representasi pelaku kekerasan seksual dari korban menjadi pelaku sehingga eksistensi pelaku sebenarnya tidak menjadi “tidak teridentifikasi.” Kajian kualitatif ini mengidentifikasi narasi pemerkosaan melalui wacana dalam konstelasi relasi gender antara pelaku seksual dengan korban atau penyintas. Membandingkan konstruksi wacana pelaku dalam narasi pemerkosaan dengan teori representasi Stuart Hall yang mengkaji narasi dan wacana film, representasi sosiokultural, dan representasi pelaku kekerasan seksual. Di Indonesia, pelaku laki-laki, dengan segala keistimewaan dan statusnya, menempati posisi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan perempuan yang menjadi penyintas. Pelaku yang tidak dihukum menempatkannya dalam hierarki lebih tinggi di Amerika. Nilai-nilai otonomi individu yang dijunjung tinggi dalam budaya Amerika menempatkan laki-laki pada posisi hegemonik, sedangkan di Indonesia, dengan nilai-nilai keterlekatan sosialnya, narasinya terlihat kuat dalam mengorbankan perempuan demi kepentingan kelompok. Wacana yang dapat diidentifikasi tidak hanya memberikan kekuatan narasi terhadap pemerkosa tetapi juga rasa tidak terkutuk atau simpati dari pembaca. Kata Kunci: Pemerkosaan, Pelaku, Studi Banding, Amerika, Indonesia, Narasi [Although the backgrounds are different - America and Indonesia - such as sociocultural and education levels, the perpetrators of sexual harassment in Audrie & Daisy (2016) and Photocopier (2021) are worth exploring further, with the assumption that first-world texts are different from third-world texts with the discourse of women as subjects and agents. How the shift in narrative focus in the representation of perpetrators of sexual violence from victims to perpetrators, so that the existence of the perpetrators does not become "unidentified is a critical point of view of this study." This qualitative study identifies rape narratives through discourse in the constellation of gender relations between sexual perpetrators and victims or survivors. Comparing the construction of the perpetrator's discourse in the rape narrative with Stuart Hall's theory of representation that examines film narratives and discourses, representations of sociocultural and sexual perpetrators. In Indonesia, male perpetrators, with all their privileges and status, occupy a higher position than female survivors. Perpetrators who are not punished are placed in a higher hierarchy in America. The values of individual autonomy that are upheld in American culture place men in a hegemonic position, while in Indonesia, with its values of social attachment, the narrative is seen as strong in sacrificing women for the benefit of the group. Identifiable discourses not only provide narrative power to rapists but also a sense of not being condemned or sympathetic by the reader. Keywords: Rape, Perpetrator, Comparative Study, America, Indonesia, Narrative.]

Meditating Masculine Anxiety and (Post) Colonial Space in Lubis's Harimau! Harimau! and Patterson's Man-Eaters of Tsavo Hidayatullah, Danial
Insaniyat: Journal of Islam and Humanities Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023): Insaniyat Journal of Islam and Humanities
Publisher : Faculty of Adab and Humanities, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University (UIN) Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/insaniyat.v8i1.31962

This research is aimed at probing and comparing the masculine anxiety in colonial spaces of Lubis’s Harimau! Harimau! and Patterson’s The Man-eaters of Tsavo investigate similarities and diﬀerences between the subject position, the psychological impacts, and the psychic discourse of colonized and colonizer’s masculinities and male anxiety in terms of the colonial narrative. This comparison is essential for the subject position, and the psyche in the colonial narrative is claimed to be universal, which is not entirely true. Connell’s theory of masculinity is applied to investigate how the values of masculinity shape colonial experiences. This research employs a narratological method - employing the concept of focalization to scrutinize how the subject who see exercise the power of seeing and eventually constructing the subject position and the psyche of colonized and colonizer - psychoanalytic as well as postcolonial reading to reveal the psychological impact - of the character’s anxiety. The results are: 1) In both stories, the colonial settings are portrayed similarly even though the writers of the two stories came from diﬀerent continents (West and East). 2) In a hostile colonial setting, the colonizer and the colonized are constructed similarly in dealing with anxiety. However, when colonized are in the subject position, they are constructed as anal-erotic characters or anti-heroes. Simultaneously they are described as devout Moslems. Meanwhile, the European counterpart, although not described as a devout Christian, was the story’s hero. As an Indonesian novel, this marks the point that it falls into Western colonial narratives’ patterns.

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