Arifah Millati Agustina
Universitas Islam Negeri Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung, Indonesia

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Contestation between Fiqh and Culture in Indonesia: The Maqāṣid al-Sharī’ah Paradigm in Dangers of Forced Marriage against Women Agustina, Arifah Millati
Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender Vol. 18 No. 2 (2023): October
Publisher : Pusat Studi gender dan Anak (PSGA) Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/sa.v18i2.17280

Abstract

This article addresses the contentious issues between Islamic Jurisprudence (fiqh) and cultural practices related to forced marriage. Motivated by the widespread prevalence of forced marriage in society, often perpetuated with religious arguments, the research aims to provide insights into the meaning of the term “ijbar” in fiqh discourse. While fiqh interprets “ijbar” as a custodian’s right to coerce their daughter, the article highlights the specific term “ikrah” for coercion in Islamic law. Utilizing a qualitative method, the study involves document analysis through an in-depth examination of fiqh literature. Data sources include classical and contemporary jurisprudence literature, information on forced marriages in Indonesia, and religious fatwas from the Indonesian Women’s Ulama Congress (KUPI). The article argues that forced marriage contradicts the maqāṣid al-sharī'ah, evidenced by spiritual and religious decline, domestic violence, restricted access to education, adverse reproductive effects, and limited economic resources.
ASSESSING WOMEN ULAMA’S PERSPECTIVES ON GENDER CONTESTATION AND LAW ESTABLISHMENT IN INDONESIA Arifah Millati Agustina
Indonesian Journal of Law and Islamic Law (IJLIL) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Jember: Sharia Faculty State Islamic University of Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/ijlil.v4i1.224

Abstract

In contrast with the history gender abroad, women's attitudes and relations with various sectors in Indonesia can be said to be completely different.  without distinguishing between both of them, local culture and approaches that affect one's perspective. This article describes the history of gender in Indonesia that is inseparable from the dogma and history of Indonesian women who fight for justice before the law, the variety of religions and cultures which are the main concerns that will distinguish the history of gender in Indonesia from others. This article narrates that gender as a perspective is strongly influenced by the doctrines of the ulama towards women through tafsir and methods. Women ulama brought up several gender issues in Indonesia which later became the product of a fatwa, including the elaboration of kyai Husein Muhammad highlighting how women's rights fighters in Indonesia seek to ratify the marriage law and bunyai Nur Rafiah’s argument saying that gender in Indonesia will never be separated from the method of Islamic studies which views the essential justice for which positions ultimate justice for women as the ultimate target, this argument leads to laws in Indonesia which are starting to lead to the mainstreaming of regulations. This discussion is further reinforced by kyai Faqihudin Abdul Kodir who argued that the goal of gender in Indonesia is the ratification of CEDAW, hence the issuance of UU no. 7 of 1984.
Women’s Experiences in Fatwa Production: Feminist Practical Reasoning in KUPI’s Fatwa on Female Circumcision Anandya, Rivany; Agustina, Arifah Millati
Indonesian Journal of Sharia and Socio-Legal Studies Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Sharia and Socio-Legal Studies
Publisher : Elkuator Research and Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66277/ijssls.2.1.272

Abstract

Female circumcision remains a contentious issue in many Muslim societies due to its intersection with religious authority, cultural tradition, and women’s reproductive health. While previous studies have examined fatwas on women from socio-political, legal reasoning, and gender justice perspectives, limited attention has been given to how women’s experiences and scientific knowledge are incorporated into Islamic legal reasoning. This article analyzes the fatwa issued by the Indonesian Congress of Women Ulama (Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia, KUPI), which prohibits female circumcision through the Second KUPI Religious Deliberation Decree No. 08/MK-KUPI-2/XI/2022. Using a socio-legal approach based on library research, the study employs Katharine T. Bartlett’s feminist practical reasoning as an analytical framework. The findings show that KUPI integrates women’s lived experiences, reproductive health knowledge, Islamic legal sources, and constitutional norms in constructing its legal argument. This integration is reflected in the formulation of the problem description (taṣawwur), the legal sources (adillah), and the process of analytical and interpretative reasoning (istidlāl), all of which emphasize the physical, psychological, and reproductive harms experienced by women. The article argues that KUPI’s fatwa represents not only a shift in the legal status of female circumcision but also a transformation in the production of Islamic legal authority by positioning women’s experiences as a source of legal consideration in practical legal reasoning. This study contributes to contemporary Islamic legal scholarship by highlighting the role of lived experience in shaping fatwa-making and religious authority. [Sunat perempuan masih menjadi isu kontroversial di berbagai masyarakat Muslim karena berada pada persimpangan antara otoritas keagamaan, tradisi budaya, dan kesehatan reproduksi perempuan. Meskipun berbagai studi telah mengkaji fatwa tentang perempuan dari perspektif konteks sosial-politik, penalaran hukum, dan keadilan gender, perhatian terhadap bagaimana pengalaman perempuan dan pengetahuan ilmiah diintegrasikan ke dalam penalaran hukum Islam masih relatif terbatas. Artikel ini menganalisis fatwa Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia (KUPI) yang mengharamkan sunat perempuan melalui Keputusan Musyawarah Keagamaan II KUPI No. 08/MK-KUPI-2/XI/2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosio-legal berbasis studi kepustakaan dan dianalisis dengan kerangka penalaran praktis feminis yang dikembangkan oleh Katharine T. Bartlett. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KUPI mengintegrasikan pengalaman perempuan, ilmu kesehatan reproduksi, sumber-sumber hukum Islam, dan norma konstitusional dalam membangun argumentasi hukumnya. Integrasi tersebut tampak dalam deskripsi masalah (taṣawwur), penggunaan sumber hukum (adillah), dan proses analisis hukum (istidlāl) yang menitikberatkan pada dampak fisik, psikologis, dan reproduktif yang dialami perempuan. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa fatwa KUPI tidak hanya merepresentasikan perubahan status hukum sunat perempuan, tetapi juga menunjukkan transformasi dalam produksi otoritas hukum Islam melalui penempatan pengalaman perempuan sebagai sumber pertimbangan hukum dalam penalaran hukum praktisnya. Temuan ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan studi hukum Islam kontemporer dengan menegaskan pentingnya pengalaman hidup dalam pembentukan fatwa dan otoritas keagamaan.]