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Lipid content and fatty acid profile of commonly consumed freshwater and marine fish of Bangladesh Mohammad Shoeb; Md. Mazharul Islam; Khandoker Tahmina Tasnim; Sunjida Akter; Md. Iqbal Rouf Mamun
Current Research on Bioscences and Biotechnology Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2022.4.1/J1LQ0XTP

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to determine total lipid content and corresponding fatty acid profiles in freshwater (n=10) and marine fish (n=11) samples commonly consumed in Bangladesh. Lipid was extracted by Solid Phase Dispersion method. Saponification and esterification were carried out by the association of official analytical chemists (AOAC) reference procedure with some simple modifications. The fatty acids were analyzed as their methyl ester by gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) by comparing the retention time of 13 standard methyl ester of fatty acids. Total lipid content was 0.97-8.05% and 0.97-4.33% in freshwater and marine fish, respectively. Unsaturated fatty acid in freshwater fish was found in highest amount than saturated fatty acid. Among unsaturated fatty acids, palmitoleic acid was found in highest concentration and ranged from 46.80-26.02%. Palmitic acid was found in highest amount among saturated fatty acids and ranged from 3.96-13.91%. Among the marine fishes unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs and PUFAs) i.e; palmitoleic acid (26.21-41.61%), oleic acid (2.35-29.63%) and linoleic acid (1.40-14.45%) were predominant. Among the saturated fatty acids myristic acid (0.97-9.08%), palmitic acid (1.61-11.35%) and stearic acid (1.03-21.53%) were found to be predominant.
Biological activity studies of the aerial parts of Phyllanthus niruri L. Md. Nazrul Islam; Mohammad Shoeb; Nilufar Nahar
Current Research on Bioscences and Biotechnology Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2022.4.1/U7GMG56E

Abstract

Phyllanthus niruri L. is a small annual plant grows up to 30-40 cm tall. It is an herbaceous plant that is widely distributed in the tropical and sub-tropical regions. The aerial parts of P. niruri growing in Bangladesh were investigated for moisture content and ash content, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), cytotoxicity, relative fatty acid compositions and antibacterial activity. The moisture and ash content of the dried leaves were 5 and 7%, respectively. The extracts of P. niruri contained a good amount of phenolic and flavonoid content and revealed significant antioxidant capacity. The highest TAC was shown by dichloromethane fraction (131.3±9.20) and it was followed by 80% ethanol extract (126.1±6.25) and then ethyl acetate fraction (122.5±10.65). The highest amount of phenolic content was present in ethyl acetate fraction, whereas the lowest amount was in hexane fraction. Cytotoxicity was found in 80% ethanol extract, dichloromethane and aqueous fractions. Fatty acids like lauric acid (0.5%), tetradecanoic acid (1%) palmitoleic acid (37%),octadecanoic acid (57%) cis-9-oleic acid (5%) were identified and quantified in hexane fraction of P. niruri by GC-FID and octadecanoic acid was predominant among all acids. The antibacterial activity of 80% ethanol extract and aqueous fraction of P. niruri was tested against two Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi) and two Gram positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria following agar diffusion method. The results revealed weak antibacterial activity.
Assessment of nutritional value and investigation of biological activities of Hylocereus costariscensis Md. Mostafa Hossain; Mohammad Shoeb
Current Research on Bioscences and Biotechnology Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2023.5.1/TT1LHNS7

Abstract

Hylocereus costariscensis (Dragon fruit), an edible cactus species of the Cactaceae family, is rich in essential nutrients like antioxidants, dietary fibers, minerals, and vitamins. The aim of the study was to analyze the proximate composition and investigate the biological activities of the edible parts (flesh and seed) of H. costariscensis cultivated in Bangladesh. Air-dried fruits were successively extracted by n-hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol. The moisture and ash contents of the fruits were found to be 85.95 ± 0.53% and 0.99 ± 0.02%, respectively. UV and FT-IR spectral analysis showed the presence of different functional groups, which might be due to the presence of fatty acids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds. The total carbohydrate content was 10.52g/100g as determined by the modified Molisch method. Fatty acid analysis revealed the presence of octanoic acid (5%), palmitic acid (16%), octadecanoic acid (41%), cis-9-oleic acid (29%), and linoleic acid (6%). The total phenolic content of different extracts was determined by the Folin–Ciocalteau method, and the value was found to be higher in the methanol extract (151.05 ± 0.34 mg GAE/g) than in the other two extracts. Total flavonoid content and total antioxidant content were determined by the aluminum chloride method and the phosphomolybdate assay, respectively. The methanol extract exhibited the highest activities (91.54 ± 0.22 mg QE/g and 40.08 ± 0.21 mg AAE/g, respectively) among all extracts in both cases.
Chemical and biological activity studies of Averrhoa carambola L. Sharmin Shahjahan; Mohammad Shoeb; Md. Mazharul Islam; Md. Iqbal Rouf Mamun; Md. Nazrul Islam
Current Research on Bioscences and Biotechnology Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2023.5.1/0UFAMUR3

Abstract

Averrhoa carambola L., belonging to the Oxalidaceae family is one of the popular fruits in Bangladesh. The objective of the study is to isolate and purify secondary metabolites from A. carambola leaves and investigate phytochemical properties, fatty acid, antioxidant, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity in both fruits and leaves. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of lignins, quinones, saponins, flavonoids, phenol, carbohydrates, steroids, and terpenoids. Repeated column chromatography of the dichloromethane (DCM) extract of leaves yielded three compounds: β-sitosterol, 6,9-dieneoctadeca-1-ol, and palmitic acid, characterized using spectroscopic techniques. The n-hexane extract of the fruit showed the presence of palmitoleic acid (20.94%) and octadecanoic acid (48.48%), while palmitoleic acid (6.47%), octadecanoic acid (23.23%), and behenic acid (41.70%) predominated in the leaves. For DPPH free radical scavenging activity, the IC50 value of methanol (MeOH) extracts was found to be 16.71 and 27.30 µg/mL in fruits and leaves, respectively, which is lower than that of n-hexane (IC50 value 282.46 and 78.65 µg/mL in fruits and leaves, respectively) and DCM (IC50 value 32.98 and 39.38 µg/mL in fruits and leaves, respectively) extracts. None of the extracts showed significant antibacterial or antifungal activities. Cytotoxicity assay was performed on HeLa and Vero cell lines, and only the DCM extract of fruits exhibited cytotoxicity on the Vero cell line.