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Biological activity studies of the aerial parts of Phyllanthus niruri L. Md. Nazrul Islam; Mohammad Shoeb; Nilufar Nahar
Current Research on Bioscences and Biotechnology Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2022.4.1/U7GMG56E

Abstract

Phyllanthus niruri L. is a small annual plant grows up to 30-40 cm tall. It is an herbaceous plant that is widely distributed in the tropical and sub-tropical regions. The aerial parts of P. niruri growing in Bangladesh were investigated for moisture content and ash content, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), cytotoxicity, relative fatty acid compositions and antibacterial activity. The moisture and ash content of the dried leaves were 5 and 7%, respectively. The extracts of P. niruri contained a good amount of phenolic and flavonoid content and revealed significant antioxidant capacity. The highest TAC was shown by dichloromethane fraction (131.3±9.20) and it was followed by 80% ethanol extract (126.1±6.25) and then ethyl acetate fraction (122.5±10.65). The highest amount of phenolic content was present in ethyl acetate fraction, whereas the lowest amount was in hexane fraction. Cytotoxicity was found in 80% ethanol extract, dichloromethane and aqueous fractions. Fatty acids like lauric acid (0.5%), tetradecanoic acid (1%) palmitoleic acid (37%),octadecanoic acid (57%) cis-9-oleic acid (5%) were identified and quantified in hexane fraction of P. niruri by GC-FID and octadecanoic acid was predominant among all acids. The antibacterial activity of 80% ethanol extract and aqueous fraction of P. niruri was tested against two Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi) and two Gram positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria following agar diffusion method. The results revealed weak antibacterial activity.
Exploring the Causes of Inter-Religious Marriages in Bangladesh: A Socio-Cultural Analysis Md. Nazrul Islam
Demak Universal Journal of Islam and Sharia Vol. 3 No. 02 (2025): Main Thema: Sharia in the Digital Era with Ethical Responses Legal Innovations
Publisher : Walidem Institute and Publishing (WIP)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61455/deujis.v3i02.414

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to analyze the socio-cultural factors behind the increasing practice of interfaith marriage in Bangladesh, with an emphasis on the dynamics of value shifts, identity construction, and marriage practices in the broader context of social change. Theoretical framework: This study uses a socio-anthropological perspective by referring to the theories of social change, secularization, and cultural integration to explain how the transformation of modern values and identities affects the practice of interfaith marriage. Literature review: Most previous studies have highlighted interfaith marriage from a legal, moral, and theological perspective. This study expands the discussion by emphasizing the influence of urbanization, education, media, local cultural traditions (Baul and Sufi), and individual autonomy as driving factors for interfaith interaction and marriage. Methods: Using a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and document analysis of seven informants (interfaith couples, parents, students, and scholars). The data was analyzed by thematic analysis to find the main patterns in respondents' experiences and views. Results: The study found that interfaith marriage in Bangladesh is influenced by urbanization, secular values, weakening religious authority, access to higher education, and media influence. The emphasis on individual autonomy as well as legal support through the Special Marriage Act of 1872 was also an important factor, plus inclusive cultural traditions such as Baul and Sufi. However, this dynamic creates tensions with Islamic law, family norms, and religious values. Implications: Implications of these findings include the need for legal reforms that balance individual rights and social harmony, the improvement of social literacy and interfaith understanding for education, and the role of religious leaders in fostering interfaith dialogue and awareness programs. Novelty: The authenticity of the research lies in its focus on the socio-cultural realities of couples and families, not solely on legal or moral aspects. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of urbanization factors, local cultural traditions, and family dynamics to explain the shifting boundaries of interfaith marriage in Bangladesh.