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COMPETITIVENESS ANALYSIS OF INDONESIA'S PROCESSED COCOA EXPORTS Achmad Tjachja Nugraha; Puspi Eko Wiranthi; Aulia Sekar Arum
AGRIBUSINESS JOURNAL Vol 15, No 1 (2021): AGRIBUSINESS JOURNAL
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/aj.v15i1.28154

This research is backgrounded by the export value of processed cocoa commodities which fluctuates and tends to increase after the issuance of the Exit Duty Policy by the government. Processed Indonesian cocoa has been widely exported abroad but the quality is still lower than in other cocoa exporting countries because Indonesian cocoa beans are still not widely fermented. This study aims to 1) analyze the trade position of Indonesian cocoa processing in the main export destination country, 2) analyze the structure of the cocoa processed market in the main export destination country, 3) analyze the comparative and competitive competitiveness of Indonesian cocoa processing in the main export destination country. The scope of this study includes processed cocoa with the codes HS 1802, HS 1803, HS 1804, HS 1805, and HS 1806 with each four export destination countries. The data used in this study is secondary data from 2009 to 2018. The results of the Herfindahl Index (HI) test obtained the oligopoly market structure in all destination countries of cocoa skin, cocoa paste (except China), cocoa powder, and cocoa fat in Germany and Australia. The monopolistic market structure is found in all chocolate destination countries, including China (cocoa paste), and the American and Dutch markets (cocoa fat). The result for RCA is that all Indonesian processed cocoa commodities except chocolate in Malaysia and Arabia (RCA values of 0.99 and 0.66 respectively) have a comparative advantage with RCA values that are entirely more than one. The results of the EPD test found that Indonesian cocoa processing was in the Rising Star position in the Philippines (cocoa shells and chocolate), China (cocoa paste), India, and the Philippines (cocoa powder). Falling Star'sposition is in Malaysia and Germany (cocoa shells), all cocoa paste destination countries except China, all cocoa fat destination countries, and Malaysia (cocoa powder and chocolate). Lost Opportunity’s position in China (cocoa powder) and Thailand (chocolate). Retreat positions are in the markets of South Korea (cocoa shells) and Saudi Arabia (chocolate).

THE EFFECT OF SALES VOLUME, SELLING PRICE, AND NUMBER OF TYPES OF INTEREST ON THE INCOME OF CUT FLOWER STALL TRADERSAT RAWA BELONG FLOWER MARKET, WEST JAKARTA Achmad Tjachja Nugraha; Agustina Senjayani; Nur Huriyandah
AGRIBUSINESS JOURNAL Vol 14, No 2 (2020): AGRIBUSINESS JOURNAL
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/aj.v15i2.28153

Horticultural crops, especially cut flowers, are a very distinctive commodity, where entrepreneurs are required to pay special attention to their business. The high demand for cut flowers under certain conditions that are not accompanied by the amount of cut interest supply available in the market, results in fluctuations in sales volume and selling prices of cut flowers and has an impact on the income of flower traders from the sale of cut flowers. The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of merchants and the size of sales volume, selling price, number of types of flowers, and income of cut flower stall traders; to analyze the effect of sales volume, selling price and amount of interest on the income of cut flower stall traders; and to analyze the sensitivity of the amount of interest type to the income of the vendor of the cut flower stall.This study was conducted at the Rawa Belong Flower Market with a population of 59 cut flower stall vendors, and the sample used was 37 vendors. Sampling using Simple Random Sampling technique. The data analysis method uses multiple regression with the help of SPSS 20 Software.From the results of data processing using SPSS 20 obtained the regression equation Y= -57220431.407 + 7105.565X1 + 1341.385X2 - 2428398.684X3 with tcount on sales volume = 16.164 > ttable (2.032) so that the reject Ho1; t count at the selling price = 5.806 > ttable (2.032) so that the reject Ho2; and t count on the number of types of interest = -2.868 > ttable (-2.032) so that it accepts Ho3; while Fcount (457.812) > Ftable (2.89) so reject Ho4. The correlation coefficient is worth 0.988 and the coefficient of determination is worth 0.974 which means that the sales volume, selling price, and the number of types of interest have a strong influence on the income of stall traders. Based on the value of the sensitivity of the number of types of interest to the income of stall traders obtained an elasticity value of -0.262 (inelastic).

COMPETITIVENESS ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY FORMULATION IN IMPROVING INDONESIAN COFFEE COMMODITIES Ujang Maman; Achmad Tjachja Nugraha; Setiadi Amarullah
AGRIBUSINESS JOURNAL Vol 15, No 1 (2021): AGRIBUSINESS JOURNAL
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/aj.v15i1.28160

This research was motivated by a decline in Indonesia's export rating due to several problems such as limited capital and technology, a decrease in plantation area, the amount of coffee production, and the productivity of coffee plants, as well as the low quality of coffee produced had an impact on international trade in Indonesian coffee. This study aims to 1) analyze the condition of coffee agribusiness in Indonesia, 2) analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee both comparatively and competitively, and 3) analyze and formulate the right strategy to improve the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee. The data used is secondary data from 2015-2019.The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the marketing subsystem found that the coffee business chain in Indonesia has not been effective because the marketing flow at the farmer level is still long and causes large price margins. On the other hand, financial institutions as support have also not supported coffee agribusiness activities, especially in providing financing support to farmers. Based on the results of the comparative competitiveness analysis of Indonesian coffee in the international market using the RCA method, it produces an average value of 5.76 which shows that Indonesia has comparative competitiveness. However, when compared to the average RCA value of other coffee exporter countries, Indonesia is the lowest. This shows that Indonesia is still less competitive. Based on the analysis using the Porter Diamond System, shows that Indonesian coffee has competitiveness competitively because four of the six main pairs of components have mutually supportive links. Based on the SWOT matrix, the focus of the S–O strategy (using the main force to seize the opportunities at hand) obtained five strategies to increase competitiveness.

ANALYSIS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF FARMERS MEMBERS OF THE COMBINED FARMER GROUPS IN THE APPLICATION OF THE INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM (ICS) IN PADDY ORGANIC CULTIVATION IN TASIKMALAYA REGENCY Achmad Tjachja Nugraha; Ujang Maman; Hanifa Hanifa
AGRIBUSINESS JOURNAL Vol 15, No 1 (2021): AGRIBUSINESS JOURNAL
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/aj.v15i1.28155

This research is backgrounded by the need for environmentally friendly agricultural management, namely by implementing organic agriculture. The International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM) has developed a way of group certification through the implementation of the Internal Control System (ICS) to address the issue of the cost of farmer group-scale certification. The Simpatico Gapoktan located in Thetically Regency is a Gapoktan that has implemented ICS since 2008. However, behind the success of the certification, some farmer groups did not pass the certification, so the number of members decreased from year to year. The unsuccessfulness of farmer groups in certification needs to be analyzed, one of which is by analyzing the performance of farmers in the application of ICS. This study aims to analyze the expectations and performance of Simpatik Gapoktan members in the application of ICS to organic rice cultivation systems and risk control management, as well as the application of organic internal standards, ICS documentation, and training. The results of this study showed that the level of suitability in the application of the organic rice cultivation system obtained an overall average statement of 87.41%. This is not appropriate because the performance achievements of farmers have not met expectations. The level of conformity between the expectations and performance of farmers members of the Simpatik Gapoktan in the implementation of risk control management with a total conformity level VI value of 84.58% is considered to have not met the expectations of farmers. The level of conformity between farmers' expectations and performance in the implementation of organic internal standards with a conformity level of 74.24% has not met farmers' expectations. For ICS documentation, the total conformity level value of 73.6% has not met the expectations of farmers, and training with a conformity level value of 84.25% has also not met the expectations of farmers.

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