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All Journal GOVERNANCE: Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Politik Lokal dan Pembangunan Media Bina Ilmiah
Fuad Azmi
Program Studi Hubungan Internasional, Universitas Padjadjaran
Humanities Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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HIDDEN DEBT CHINA KE INDONESIA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19: TINJAUAN ATAS PERSPEKTIF STRUKTURALIS DAN RATIONAL CHOICE THEORY Fuad Azmi; Emil Mahyudin; Gilang Nur Alam; RMT Nurhasan Affandi; Windy Dermawan
Media Bina Ilmiah Vol. 16 No. 12: Juli 2022
Publisher : LPSDI Bina Patria

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (370.298 KB)

Abstract

Covid 19 has an impact on the world economic crisis which has brought the world to the brink of the worst economic recession in the last 50 years of world economic history. This causes the state to require debt to other countries, including Indonesia. Indonesia's state debt during the pandemic continued to grow so that it was accused of "Hidden Debt" to the Chinese state from both government and non-government. Foreign debt is not a secret matter, but the state must owe it to survive. The theory used in this paper is Structuralism Theory and Rational Choice. This paper finds that hidden traps in the short term are a source of stimulus for the recovery of the economic and infrastructure sectors in Indonesia after Covid-19, but in the long term it has the potential to cause problems for Indonesia's dependence on China and a threat to economic independence. Therefore, Indonesia needs to compile a roadmap regarding economic recovery after the Covid-19 pandemic by utilizing potential foreign sources to be developed and in the nature of cooperation.
PERAN PROGRAM BUMN GO GLOBAL TERHADAP PENGUATAN DIPLOMASI EKONOMI INDONESIA Mayra Zahabiya Zahra; Windy Dermawan; Fuad Azmi
GOVERNANCE: Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Politik Lokal dan Pembangunan Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026): 2026 Maret
Publisher : Lembaga Kajian Ilmu Sosial dan Politik (LKISPOL)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56015/gjikplp.v13i3.756

Abstract

This study examines the role of the BUMN Go Global program as an instrument of Indonesia’s economic diplomacy amid increasing global economic fragmentation. Using a qualitative approach based on document analysis of official policies and institutional reports, the study analyzes how Indonesian state-owned enterprises (BUMNs) expand internationally through overseas operations, strategic partnerships, and outbound investments supported by diplomatic institutions. The findings indicate that the program strengthens Indonesia’s economic diplomacy by enhancing national economic representation, reinforcing bilateral economic relations, and supporting nation branding through BUMN-led international projects. The study further shows that BUMNs function as semi-state actors operating at the intersection of commercial objectives and foreign policy strategy. However, structural challenges persist, including inter-agency coordination gaps, internal capacity disparities, and regulatory and political risks in host countries. Overall, the study highlights the growing role of state-owned enterprises in shaping contemporary economic diplomacy beyond traditional diplomacy and contributes to the literature by positioning BUMNs as semi-state diplomatic actors in global governance.
Co-Authors Emil Mahyudin Gilang Nur Alam Mayra Zahabiya Zahra RMT Nurhasan Affandi Windy Dermawan