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Penerapan Hukum Pidana terhadap Tindak Pidana Penggunaan Ijazah Palsu dalam Putusan Nomor 635/Pid.B/2020/Pn.Mks Ditinjau Dari Asas Lex Specialis Derogat Legi Generali Fauzia Amanta; Ade Adhari
Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling (JPDK) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jpdk.v5i1.10966

Dalam hukum positif Indonesia, penggunaan ijazah palsu merupakan tindakan yang dapat diancam dengan pidana. Tindak pidana ini diatur dalam berbagai undang-undang, antara lain Pasal 264 ayat (2) KUHP, Pasal 69 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional, dan Pasal 77 Undang-Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2004 tentang Praktik Kedokteran. Sesuai dengan asas lex specialis derogat legi generali tersebut, ketentuan yang semestinya diutamakan adalah Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional dan Undang-Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2004 tentang Praktik Kedokteran. Tetapi secara praktik seringkali terjadi pengesampingan asas lex specialis oleh aparat penegak hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan hukum pidana terhadap perkara penggunaan ijazah palsu dalam Putusan Nomor 635/Pid.B/2020/PN.Mks. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat preskriptif. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan undang-undang. Jenis bahan hukum yang digunakan berupa bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam Putusan Nomor 635/Pid.B/2020/PN.Mks, tindak pidana penggunaan ijazah palsu dipidana dengan menggunakan Pasal 264 ayat (2) KUHP. Apabila putusan tersebut ditinjau dengan menggunakan asas lex specialis maka penggunaan Pasal 264 ayat (2) KUHP tidaklah tepat. Dengan alasan Pasal 264 ayat (2) KUHP hanya mengatur penggunaan ijazah palsu secara implisit. Semestinya putusan ini menggunakan ketentuan pidana Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional dan Undang-Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2004 tentang Praktik Kedokteran dikarenakan ruang lingkup dalam undang-undang mengatur perbuatan penggunaan ijazah palsu secara spesifik

IMPLEMENTASI BANTUAN HUKUM YANG DIBERIKAN OLEH KOMISI PERLINDUNGAN ANAK INDONESIA TERHADAP ANAK KORBAN KEKERASAN SEKSUAL Angelica Christin Milenia; Ade Adhari
UNES Law Review Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (Juni 2023)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang

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Sexual violence against children is a crime act that should be taken care of by the state. This crime is increasing day by day and ironically the perpetrators of this violence are the people closest to the victim such as friends, teachers or even family members. This can cause trauma for the child victim. According to Article 76 of Constitution Number 35 of 2014 regarding Child Protection, KPAI is a state institution that has the duty and authority to provide protection for children. This research is based on empirical juridical research with qualitative methods which are analyzed using inductive analysis techniques by examining the contribution of legal assistance provided by KPAI in accordance with Constitution Number 35 of 2014 regarding Amendments to Constitution Number 23 of 2002 regarding Child Protection.

PENERAPAN PEMENUHAN KEWAJIBAN REHABILITASI MEDIS DAN REHABILITASI SOSIAL TERHADAP PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA Afpryanto Sihaloho; Ade Adhari
UNES Law Review Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (Juni 2023)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v5i4.648

This study aims to analyze the application of medical rehabilitation and social rehabilitation for narcotics abusers in Palu. This study uses normative research methods because the existing problems will be examined by taking into account the principles of law and applicable laws and regulations, then analyzing and making answers to the problems to be discussed. The results of the study show that in practice law enforcement in narcotics crime cases, Article 112 paragraph (1) of the RI Law is often applied. 35 of 2009 to addicts, abusers, and victims of narcotics abuse. Against the two perpetrators, namely Al Ayudi Parhan and Ridwan, are narcotics abusers who should have the opportunity to be subject to sanctions in the form of medical rehabilitation and social rehabilitation because they are in accordance with the classification of narcotics crimes in SEMA No. 04 of 2010, namely based on the weight of evidence of narcotics when caught red-handed by investigators from the National Police or BNN, a positive laboratory test letter using narcotics, and there is no evidence that the person concerned is involved in illicit narcotics trafficking.

TINJAUAN YURIDIS PEMBELAAN TERPAKSA (NOODWEER EXCESS) SEBAGAI DASAR PENGHAPUSAN PIDANA ANALISIS KASUS PELAKU BEGAL DI NTB YANG TERBUNUH OLEH KORBAN BEGAL AS Isabella Merlin Anjani; Ade Adhari
UNES Law Review Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (Juni 2023)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v5i4.685

At this time, deviant behavior is widely found within society. Deviant behavior refers to actions that violate norms, rules, or laws in society. The research questions addressed in this study are: 1. What is the juridical perspective on perpetrators of robbery who are killed by victims due to self-defense (excessive self-defense)? 2. What is the legal certainty regarding self-defense (excessive self-defense) carried out by victims in response to robbery they experienced? The research method used in this Final Project is normative juridical research, which means that the issues raised, discussed, and elaborated in this study are focused on applying principles or norms within positive law. Excessive self-defense or exceeding the limits considered reasonable in self-defense occurs when someone goes beyond the boundaries deemed reasonable in a self-defense situation. In this case, although the robber may have initiated the attack or threatened the victim, the use of excessive force by the victim can raise questions about the legitimacy of their actions. In determining legal certainty in cases of self-defense, factors such as the force used, the level of threat to the victim, and the overall circumstances of the case will be examined by the court. Previous court decisions in similar cases or legal precedents can also influence legal certainty. Article 49, paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code highlights an important point, stating, "Defense against an attack or threat." Defense, in this context, must aim to stop actions or attacks deemed necessary at that moment. The defense must be proportionate to the encountered attack, and there must be no other means available to protect oneself except through self-defense.

Pembelaan Terpaksa sebagai Alasan Pembenar dalam Rangka Pembelaan Diri Chatarina Dwi Agista; Ade Adhari
Syntax Literate Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia
Publisher : Syntax Corporation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36418/syntax-literate.v7i10.12998

Reasons for abolishing punishment are reasons that allow people who commit criminal acts not to be sentenced to punishment. There are two categories of reasons for criminal abolition, namely, excuses and justification reasons. Noodweer is contained in Article 49 Paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code is part of the justification. In this research, it will be explained about the application of justification reasons as reasons for abolishing crimes in the context of self-defense against perpetrators of murder. The research is based on a descriptive method using a qualitative type of approach, and is carried out using a literature review method. Basically, the actions of a person categorized as an act of defense must fulfill the specified conditions, namely: there must be an attack or threat of attack, is unlawful, the attack is aimed at oneself, honor, decency or one's own or other people's property, and is forced to do so. In order to fulfill the intended elements, there are 2 (two) important conditions, namely the fulfillment of the requirements of proportionality (balance) and carried out in the lightest way. However, in practice there are still many law enforcement officers who are not brave enough to decide on someone who has committed a crime using the excuse of a criminal offense

Perkembangan Aturan Peralihan Dari Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Lama Ke Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Nasional Baru Sebagai Wujud Pembaharuan Daniel Hasudungan Nainggolan; Ade Adhari
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (Desember 2023)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i2.1337

The enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code marks a new era for criminal law in Indonesia. The New Criminal Code introduces fundamental changes in the penal system, observable through the formulation of criminal law norms in Book One General Provisions and Book Two Criminal Acts. One notable development is regarding the transitional provisions in Article 3 paragraphs (1)-(7) of the New Criminal Code. This article examines the evolution of transitional provisions from Article 1 paragraph (2) in the Old Criminal Code to Article 3 in the New Criminal Code. The research method employed in addressing this issue is doctrinal research, focusing on the Old and New Criminal Codes as primary legal sources and relying on literature reviews. The research findings indicate, firstly, that the transitional provisions in the Old Criminal Code are formulated in Article 1 paragraph (2). In this provision, the criteria used in the event of legal changes are those most favorable to the defendant. The formulation of these transitional provisions has weaknesses, including ambiguity in the meaning of legislative changes and determining what is most advantageous, among other things. Secondly, the transitional provisions in the New Criminal Code are formulated in Article 3, attempting to refine the provisions in the Old Criminal Code.

Perubahan Putusan Lepas Menjadi Putusan Pemidanaan oleh Judex Juris Terhadap Putusan Tingkat Pertama Alfredo Juniotama Arifin; Ade Adhari
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (Desember 2023)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i2.1389

This study aims to examine the Supreme Court decision number 2113 K/Pid.Sus/2023 related to the money laundering case of Indosurya Cipta Savings and Loan Cooperative for the defendant Henry Surya. In the Supreme Court decision, the judex juris overturned the decision of the district court that released the defendant from all charges. West Jakarta District Court Decision Number 779/Pid.B/2022/PN Jkt.Brt stated that the charges were proven, but the alleged actions could not be categorized as a criminal offense. The Panel of Judges erred in handing down a decision, after which the Public Prosecutor filed a cassation appeal on the grounds that the Judex Facti did not apply the law correctly and properly. This research uses a normative legal research method with a case approach as the main approach to explore and analyze relevant legal aspects. This approach allows researchers to understand and assess legal norms related to the case under study. Based on the results of the research, it shows that the basis for filing a cassation by the Public Prosecutor related to the money laundering crime case is that the judex facti did not apply the law correctly in accordance with the provisions of Article 253 of the Criminal Procedure Code. This case involves the overturning of the sentence by the judex juris because the judex facti is considered to have erred in the implementation of the law by ignoring the legal facts revealed in the trial process due to the lack of conformity between the facts and the evidence.

Analisis Terhadap Alasan Memperingan dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 3287 K/PID.SUS/2019 Chrisjane Tasya Renwarin; Ade Adhari
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (Desember 2023)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i2.1427

Enforcement of criminal law at the examination stage in court hearings plays a crucial role in SPP. The court decision is the end of this stage. The heart of a court decision is the judge's legal considerations and ruling. The judge's legal considerations explain why his decision was such. One thing that is often included in the judge's legal considerations is the reason for mitigation which is the cause of the judge's decision regarding the sentence being reduced. In practice, the judge's legal considerations and rulings are not always in line with the Supreme Court's cassation decision Number 3287 K/Pid.Sus/2019. The type of research in this writing uses normative legal research, a type of secondary data with a library research method which is then analyzed using qualitative methods and drawing conclusions deductively. The reasons for mitigation in the court's decision are manifested in the judge's legal considerations. For reasons of mitigation, the judge handed down a lighter sentence to the defendant. The verdict, which carries a lighter sentence, is given by the panel of judges by including the reasons for mitigation in the legal considerations so that the Ratio Decidendi is created, and the decision can be justified. Article 95 of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Law states that judges who make mistakes in deciding cases can receive punishment in the form of administrative sanctions in accordance with statutory provisions. In practice, in the Supreme Court's cassation decision Number 3287 K/Pid.Sus/2019, the panel of judges gave a lighter sentence decision than the public prosecutor demanded but did not explain the reasons for mitigation in their legal considerations, on the contrary what was explained was the reasons for aggravation, even though this is required in Law on Judicial Power to judges. Thus, the decision is contrary to the law, materially flawed and cannot be held accountable by the panel of judges because it does not present the Ratio Decidendi which is the mandate of Article 8 paragraph (2) of the Judicial Power Law that in considering the severity and severity of the crime, the judge must be obliged to clearly see the nature of the crime. good and bad of a defendant.

Perlindungan Melalui Hukum Pidana Terhadap Kerahasiaan Identitas Diri Anak Korban Teuku Renardi Idfidian; Ade Adhari
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): UNES LAW REVIEW (Desember 2023)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i2.1501

Sexual violence reported in print and online media has both negative and positive impacts on victims of sexual violence. The identity of child victims must be kept confidential from the public. A child's identity that is not kept confidential can have a negative impact on child victims, especially child victims of sexual violence. The name of the Child Victim, which should be kept confidential, can be found in the Court Decision which can be accessed on the Supreme Court Directory Website (putusan3.mahkamahagung.go.id). The decision mentions details about the incident of sexual violence that is directly related to the Child Victim of sexual violence. For violation of this prohibition, the perpetrator should be subject to punishment according to applicable regulations.

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