I Nyoman Mangku Karmaya
Public Health Postgraduate Program Udayana University, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University

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Women’s vulnerability to STIs and HIV transmission: high risk sexual behaviour in Denpasar City Desak Made Sintha Kurnia Dewi; Luh Putu Lila Wulandari; I Nyoman Mangku Karmaya
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2013.v1.i1.p04

Abstract

Department of Health of Bali Province reported an increase of reported HIV cases among pregnant women. A sero-survey among pregnant women in 2010 has found 1% of pregnant women are HIV positive. This fact might indicate the possibility of women’s vulnerability to HIV in Bali, mainly due to the high risk behavior of their sexual partner. There has been limited study exploring this vulnerability, and how this vulnerability might affect their risk in contracting HIV. This study aimed at exploring women’s vulnerability to HIV by looking at the individual, households and their community high risk behaviors which might consequently affect the women risk to HIV transmission. Qualitative study was employed by using indepth semi structured interview with 21 informants. The informants were chosen to ensure the variations of the risk behaviors as such might reveal different risk which might affect women. The informants consisted of men, women, HIV counselor and health providers in three different health services in Denpasar. Data was analysed using thematic analysis. To improve data validity, member checking and peer debriefing techniques were used. The study found that there has been variation in the factors which affects women’s vulnerability within individual, household, and community levels. These included the multisexual partners of women and or their sexual partners, buying sex, drug injecting behaviours of their partners and inconsistent condom use which due mainly to the low bargaining position of women in condom negotiation.
The Utilization of Reproductive Health Services for Adolescents in Tegallalang I Health Centre Deni Witari; Ni Luh Putu Suariyani; I Nyoman Mangku Karmaya
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2014.v2.i1.p05

Abstract

Background and purpose: Adolescence is one of the most crucial periods of a human’s life cycle, and therefore, there is an unquestionable need for services that directly address adolescent reproductive health issues. The number of adolescents who utilized reproductive health services at Tegallalang I Health Centre is only 119 out of 708 targeted adolescents. This study investigate the correlation between knowledge, attitude, adolescent needs, access, family acceptability, and the utilization of reproductive health services in Tegallalang I Health Centre. Methods: The design was a cross sectional analytic. From the population of 4725 adolescents in the Tegallalang I Health Centre work area, 84 were selected through systematic random sampling. The independent variables were knowledge, attitude, adolescent needs, access and family acceptability while the dependent variable was the utilization of adolescent reproductive health service. Data was collected through structured interviews and analysed using univariate, bivariate (chi-squared test), and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis. Results: The results of this study showed that most respondents have high level of knowledge (54.8%), negative attitudes (69.0%)), perceived need (59.5%), ease of access (52.4%), negative family acceptability (60.7%)), and (62.0%) do not take advantage of services. Based on the bivariate analysis it is evident that there is a relationship between knowledge (p=0.043), attitude (p=0.047), access (p=0.08), family acceptability (p=0.042) and the utilization of reproduction health service. Based on multivariate analysis, it is evident that access has a positive influence on the utilization of reproductive health service with OR=3.481 (95%CI: 1,21-10,24). Conclusion: Access has a positive influence on the utilisation of reproductive health service in Tegalalang I Health Centre.