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All Journal International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Eksergi: Chemical Engineering Journal Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Budhijanto Budhijanto, Budhijanto
Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Control & Systems Engineering Energy Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Thermal Decomposition and Kinetic Studies of Pyrolysis of Spirulina Platensis Residue Jamilatun, Siti; Budhijanto, Budhijanto; Rochmadi, Rochmadi; Budiman, Arief
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 6, No 3 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.6.3.193-201

Abstract

 Analysis of thermal decomposition and pyrolisis reaction kinetics of Spirulina platensis residue (SPR) was performed using Thermogravimetric Analyzer. Thermal decomposition was conducted with the heating rate of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50oC/min from 30 to 1000oC. Thermogravimetric (TG), Differential Thermal Gravimetric (DTG), and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) curves were then obtained. Each of the curves was divided into 3 stages. In Stage I, water vapor was released in endothermic condition. Pyrolysis occurred in exothermic condition in Stage II, which was divided into two zones according to the weight loss rate, namely zone 1 and zone 2. It was found that gasification occurred in Stage III in endothermic condition. The heat requirement and heat release on thermal decomposition of SPR are described by DTA curve, where 3 peaks were obtained for heating rate 10, 20 and 30°C/min and 2 peaks for 40 and 50°C/min, all peaks present in Zone 2. As for the DTG curve, 2 peaks were obtained in Zone 1 for similar heating rates variation. On the other hand, thermal decomposition of proteins and carbohydrates is indicated by the presence of peaks on the DTG curve, where lignin decomposition do not occur due to the low lipid content of SPR (0.01wt%). The experiment results and calculations using one-step global model successfully showed that the activation energy (Ea) for the heating rate of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50oC/min for zone 1 were 35.455, 41.102, 45.702, 47.892 and 47.562 KJ/mol, respectively, and for zone 2 were 0.0001428, 0.0001240, 0.0000179, 0.0000100 and 0.0000096 KJ/mol, respectively.Keywords: Spirulina platensis residue (SPR), Pyrolysis, Thermal decomposition, Peak, Activation energy.Article History: Received June 15th 2017; Received in revised form August 12th 2017; Accepted August 20th 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Jamilatun, S., Budhijanto, Rochmadi, and Budiman, A. (2017) Thermal Decomposition and Kinetic Studies of Pyrolysis of Spirulina platensis Residue, International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 6(3), 193-201.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.193-201
Effects of Kaolin Powder and Borax Addition on Adhesion Properties of Soy Protein Isolate-Based Adhesives Budhijanto, Budhijanto; Widodo, Theresia Winona Rosari; Ramadhani, Gilang Afif Setya
Eksergi Vol 21, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v21i3.12137

Abstract

A low-cost strategy was developed to improve the adhesion properties and long shelf life of soy protein isolate-based adhesive, by using kaolin powder as filler and borax as an antifungal. Soy protein bioadhesive will be synthesized through denaturation using Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, followed by crosslinking using epoxy resin as a crosslinker, kaolin powder addition as filler, and borax addition to inhibit the fungal growth. Some analysis such as viscosity, solid content, dry shear strength, wet shear strength, FTIR Spectroscopy, SEM analysis, and shelf life were done to measure the adhesion properties of the bioadhesive. The result shows that the best shear strength, both dry and wet was obtained by adding 1.5% w/w kaolin powder with shear strength resulted 2,2684 MPa and with addition 2% w/w borax increased the shear strength up to 2,3207 MPa. Borax addition had been proven in improving the water resistance of the adhesive also inhibit fungal growth resulting extended the shelf life of the adhesive.
Synthesis of Polyesters from AB Tung Oil-based Polyol Monomers Through Step-growth Polymerization Reactions Budiyati, Eni; Hartini, Hartini; Rochmadi, Rochmadi; Budiman, Arief; Budhijanto, Budhijanto
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2025: BCREC Volume 20 Issue 2 Year 2025 (August 2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20338

Abstract

In this study, polyesters synthesized from AB Tung oil-based polyols (TOBPs) monomers via step-growth polymerization reactions. TOBPs are polyols made from Tung oil through a series of hydroxylation and epoxidation procedures. They have hydroxyl (OH) and carboxylic (COOH) functional groups. The polymerization was performed in a three-necked round-bottomed flask (250 mL) equipped with a magnetic stirrer, thermometer, and condenser. It is placed in an oil bath to maintain the reaction temperature. The generated moisture was collected using a vacuum pump. In the meantime, oxygen is being expelled from the reactor by nitrogen. The temperature and stirring speed were kept constant for 6 hours throughout the operation. According to the experiment, 150°C was the ideal temperature for polyesterification. The reaction rate constant rose by 4.73 to 19.99% with the addition of the p-TSA catalyst. The [COOH] and [OH] models were nearly identical to the experimental results, demonstrating the viability of the proposed kinetic model. According to the calculation's findings, polymerization without a catalyst yielded activation energies (Ea) and collision factors (A) of 27.2215 kJ/mol and 16.2965 g.mmol-1.min-1, respectively. Then, polymerization with catalyst decreased Ea and A values, which were around 26.4681 kJ/mol and 14.6746 g.mmol-1.min-1. Copyright © 2025 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Co-Authors Arief Budiman Eni Budiyati Hartini Ramadhani, Gilang Afif Setya Rochmadi Rochmadi Siti Jamilatun Widodo, Theresia Winona Rosari