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Edward Nangoy
Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Evaluasi Penggunaan Antikoagulan Profilaksis terhadap Pasien COVID-19 Elna D. S. Rante; Edward Nangoy; Jimmy Posangi
eBiomedik Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022): eBiomedik
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.38121

Abstract

Abstract: The occurrence of hyperinflammation in COVID-19 patients results in increased activation of the coagulation cascade and excessive thrombin production. Coagulopathy in patients with COVID-19 is associated high risk of VTE with an increased risk of death. Prophylactic anticoagulation has been recommended for the prevention of thromboembolic events in COVID-19 patients. This study aims to determine the evaluation prophylactic anticoagulants related to the type, dose, administration, and outcome for COVID-19 patients who are hospitalized with moderate, severe, to critical degrees. The research method used is a literature review. The results showed that types of anticoagulant prophylaxis used in hospitalized COVID-19 patients are parenteral anticoagulants namely LMWH, UFH, and fondaparinux. The most widely used anticoagulant is LMWH, especially enoxaparin with a standard dose of 30-40 mg OD or BID adjusted for CrCl and BMI administered subcutaneously. Standard-dose prophylactic anticoagulants can reduce mortality without increasing risk of bleeding.Keywords: Prophylactic anticoagulation; COVID-19; hospitalized Abstrak: Kejadian hiperinflamasi pada pasien COVID-19 mengakibatkan peningkatan aktivasi kaskade koagulasi dan produksi trombin yang berlebihan. Koagulopati pada pasien dengan COVID-19 terkait dengan risiko tinggi VTE dikaitkan dengan peningkatan risiko kematian. Penggunaan antikoagulan profilaksis telah direkomendasikan untuk pencegahan kejadian tromboemboli pada pasien COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui evaluasi penggunaan antikoagulan profilaksis terkait jenis, dosis, teknik pemberian, dan luaran terhadap pasien COVID-19 yang dirawat di rumah sakit dengan derajat sedang, berat, hingga kritis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu literature review. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan antikoagulan profilaksis yang digunakan pada pasien COVID-19 yang dirawat di rumah sakit, yaitu antikoagulan parenteral berupa LMWH, UFH, dan fondaparinux. Jenis dan dosis antikoagulan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah LMWH, terutama enoxaparin dengan dosis standar 30-40 mg SC OD atau BID yang disesuaikan CrCl dan BMI. Antikoagulan profilaksis dosis standar dapat menurunkan tingkat mortalitas tanpa meningkatkan risiko perdarahan.Kata kunci: Antikoagulan Profilaksis; COVID-19; dirawat di rumah sakit
Efektivitas Penggunaan Empagliflozin terhadap Nilai HbA1c pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Tesalonika Rawung; Jimmy Posangi; Edward Nangoy
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v5i2.45424

Abstract

Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common type of diabetes today. Lifestyle changes are one of the causes of DM problems. Patients with T2DM are usually treated with oral hypoglycemic drugs. The sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) group is a type of oral hypoglycemic drug groups that plays a role in reducing HbA1c level. Empagliflozin is a drug included in the SGLT-2 group. Previous clinical trials showed that empagliflozin could lead to a reduction in HbA1c level. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of using empagliflozin on HbA1C values in T2DM patients. This was a literature review study with data searching using three databases namely, Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The results obtained 10 literatures to be reviewed. All literatures showed that there was a significant effect of empagliflozin on HbA1c value of T2DM patients. In conclusion, type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using empagliflozin show significant decreases in HbA1c values. Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus; empagliflozin; HbA1c; sodium glucose cotransporter 2   Abstrak: Diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) merupakan jenis diabetes yang paling umum ditemukan saat ini. Perubahan gaya hidup menjadi salah satu penyebab timbulnya masalah DM. Penyandang DMT2 biasanya diterapi dengan obat hipoglikemik oral (OHO). Golongan obat sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) merupakan salah satu jenis golongan obat OHO yang berperan dalam menurunkan kadar HbA1c, salah satunya ialah empagliflozin. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan peran empaglifozin dalam uji klinis dapat menyebabkan penurunan kadar HbA1c. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan empagliflozin terhadap nilai HbA1C pada pasien DMT2. Jenis penelitian ini ialah suatu literature review dengan pencarian data menggunakan tida sumber basis data yaitu, Pubmed, Google Scholar dan Science Direct. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebanyak 10 literatur yang dilakukan review. Kesepuluh artikel memperlihatkan adanya pengaruh bermakna dari penggunaan empagliflozin terhadap nilai HbA1c dari pasien DMT2. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah penggunaan empagliflozin pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 menunjukkan terjadinya penurunan nilai HbA1c yang bermakna. Kata kunci: diabetes melitus tipe 2; empagliflozin; HbA1c; sodium glucose cotransporter 2
Pengaruh Evolocumab terhadap Pasien Dislipidemia dengan Intoleransi Statin Kristiani A. Laluyan; Edward Nangoy; Jimmy Posangi
e-CliniC Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024): e-CliniC
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/ecl.v12i1.45494

Abstract

Abstract: Statins, lipid-lowering drugs, are used to reduce low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Although statins are well tolerated by most people, their side effects e. g. myopathy and statin intolerance have impacts on dose reduction and therapy discontinuation. Evolocumab is considered in patients with statin intolerance. This study aimed to determine the effect of evolocumab on LDL-C levels in patients with dyslipidemia and statin intolerance. This was a literature review study using literature search on three databases, namely PubMed, ClinicalKey, and ScienceDirect with the keywords Dyslipidemia AND Evolocumab AND Statin Intolerance. The results obtained seven related literatures. In general, evolocumab therapy was safe and effective in reducing LDL-C levels for patients who needed drugs to lower LDL-C. Based on the literatures, inhibition of PCSK9 activity on evolocumab had an effect on reducing LDL-C levels by 50-70%. This therapy could reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as the ratio of Apo B/Apo A1, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. In conclusion, evolocumab therapy is generally safe and effective in significantly reducing LDL-C. Adverse effects caused by the therapy tend to be mild. Keywords: dyslipidemia; low density lipoprotein cholesterol; statins; statin intolerance; evolocumab   Abstrak: Statin merupakan obat penurun lipid untuk menurunkan kolesterol low density lipoprotein (K-LDL) dan umumnya dapat ditoleransi dengan baik namun miopati dan efek samping lainnya serta intoleransi statin dapat mengarah ke penurunan dosis atau penghentian terapi. Pemberian evolocumab dapat dipertimbangkan pada keadaan intoleransi statin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh evolocumab terhadap kadar K-LDL pasien dengan dislipidemia dan intoleransi statin melalui suatu literature review. Pencarian literatur pada tiga database, yaitu PubMed, ClinicalKey, dan ScienceDirect dengan kata kunci Dyslipidemia AND Evolocumab AND Statin Intolerance. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan tujuh literatur untuk dikaji. Berdasarkan kajian literatur didapatkan terapi evolocumab umumnya aman dan efektif dalam menurunkan kadar K-LDL bagi pasien yang membutuhkan obat untuk penurunan kolesterol. yang telah didapat. Penghambatan aktivitas PCSK9 pada evolocumab berpengaruh dalam menurunkan kadar K-LDL sekitar 50-70%. Terapi tersebut dapat mengurangi risiko penyakit kardiovaskular seperti rasio Apo B/Apo A1, trigliserida, dan kolesterol total. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terapi evolocumab umumnya aman dan efektif dalam menurunkan kadar K-LDL secara bermakna. Kejadian yang tidak diinginkan yang ditimbulkan oleh terapi cenderung ringan. Kata kunci: dislipidemia; kolesterol low density lipoprotein; statin; intoleransi statin; evolocumab
Narrative Review: Current Updates in The Treatment of Malaria Edward Nangoy; Corry Novita Mahama; Angelina Stevany Regina Masengi
Syntax Idea 6508-6517.
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/syntax-idea.v6i10.9010

Abstract

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite and transmitted through the bite of female Anopheles mosquitoes. Although global efforts to control the disease have increased, malaria remains a major health threat, especially in developing countries. This study aims to identify recent developments in malaria treatment methods. This study uses a narrative review method. Data collection was carried out through a literature review by searching for relevant research articles, reports, and books from various scientific databases. The collected data were then analyzed in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that updates in malaria treatment include the development of new drugs and combination therapies, prevention efforts through vaccines, more individualized treatment approaches, and community involvement in treatment programs. These initiatives provide new hope in the fight against malaria.
Co-Authors Angelina Stevany Regina Masengi Corry Novita Mahama Elna D. S. Rante Jimmy Posangi Kristiani A. Laluyan Tesalonika Rawung