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PENGAMBILAN PEKTIN DARI ALBEDO SEMANGKA DENGAN PROSES EKSTRAKSI ASAM Maulani, Melisa Triandini; Aslamiah, Aslamiah; Wicakso, Doni Rahmat
Konversi Vol 3, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v3i1.131

Abstract

Abstrak- Semangka adalah tanaman yang tahan terhadap iklim kering sehingga dapat tumbuh di daerah tropis dan setengah gurun. Albedo semangka merupakan sumber pektin yang potensial karena di dalamnya terkandung senyawa pektin. Untuk menguraikan pektin dalam albedo semangka dapat dilakukan dengan proses ekstraksi asam karena kemungkinan terjadi kerusakan pektin lebih sedikit, sedangkan untuk mengendapkan pektin digunakan alkohol. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan ekstraksi pektin dengan bahan dasar albedo semangka yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh variasi temperatur ekstraksi serta jenis pelarut terhadap kadar pektin yang dihasilkan albedo semangka dan mengetahui variasi temperatur ekstraksi serta jenis pelarut yang maksimum untuk menghasilkan pektin. Penelitian dilakukan dengan waktu ekstraksi 90 menit dan temperatur ekstraksi 60, 70, dan 80 °C serta pelarut HCl dan CH3COOH dengan pH 2,6 sebanyak 500 mL. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh kondisi maksimum pengambilan pektin adalah dengan menggunakan pelarut HCl pada temperatur ekstraksi 80 °C dan kadar pektin yang dihasilkan sebesar 11,2635%. Pelarut HCl yang merupakan asam kuat lebih mudah melepaskan ikatan protopektin menjadi pektin sehingga kadar pektin yang dihasilkan memiliki kadar yang tinggi. Semakin tinggi temperatur operasi, kadar pektin yang didapatkan juga semakin besar sampai batas temperatur 80 °C. Hal ini menyebabkan gerakan molekul asam yang semakin cepat, sehingga kontak antara zat terlarut dalam sampel dengan pelarut semakin aktif dan diperoleh pektin yang lebih banyak. Kata kunci: semangka, pektin, ekstraksi. Abstract- Watermelon is a plant that is resistant to dry climate so it can be grown in tropical and semi-desert. Watermelon albedo is a potential source of pectin because it contains pectin compounds. To decompose the pectin in the watermelon albedo can be done by acid extraction process because it will lesser the possibility of damage pectin, whereas alcohol is use to precipitate pectin. In this research watermelon albedo as basic ingredients would be extracted to produce pectin to identified the differences in the influence of temperature variation and the type of solvent extraction of the pectin content of the albedo watermelon and determined variations in maximum temperature and type of solvent extraction to produce pectin. The study was conducted with a 90-minute extraction time and extraction temperature 60, 70, and 80 °C and 500 mL the solvent HCl and CH3COOH with 2.6 pH. The results were obtained taking the maximum conditions of pectin using solvent extraction HCl at a temperature of 80 °C and obtained pectin levels of 11.2635%. Solvent which is a strong acid HCl is easier to untie protopektin pectin so pectin levels has generated a high level. The higher the operating temperature, the bigger pectin levels that are obtained until the temperature limit of 80 °C. This caused by the movement of the H+ ions more reactive, the more contact between the substances dissolved in the sample with solvent and obtained more pectin. Keywords: watermelon, pectin, extraction
Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air Lokal: Pemanfaatan Mata Air RT 7 Kelurahan Sumber Rejo, Kota Balikpapan Sebagai Alternatif Sumber Air Bersih Berkelanjutan Maulani, Melisa Triandini; Febrianti, Nia; Noor Hayati, Rina; Awaliyah, Lia; Arrohman, Maulana Khafid
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v10i1.8481503

Abstract

The need for clean water is one of the essential aspects of community life, especially in areas that are not fully served by the PDAM (Regional Drinking Water Company) distribution network. In Sumber Rejo Subdistrict, particularly in RT 7, the availability of clean water remains a major issue due to the hilly topography, making it difficult for the PDAM pipeline network to reach the area. The local community relies on springs as an alternative water source, which is collected manually without a planned distribution system. This study aims to analyze the potential of the spring in RT 7, Sumber Rejo Subdistrict, as a clean water source based on water quality, flow rate classification, and clean water distribution system planning. The methods used include water quality analysis through laboratory tests covering physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters, flow rate classification based on spring discharge measurements, and distribution system planning using EPANET 2.2 software. The results show that the spring water quality does not fully meet the clean water quality standards according to the Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation Number 2 of 2023 on Environmental Health, particularly for nitrate, manganese, and aluminum parameters. Based on the flow rate measurements, the spring falls into Class VI, with a flow rate ranging from 0.1 to 1 liter per second, indicating low flow capacity and generally only sufficient to meet water needs on a limited scale (less than 1,000 people). In the clean water distribution network simulation, three alternative distribution scenarios were evaluated, with Alternative 2 showing the most optimal results, with flow velocities ranging from 0.31 to 0.46 m/s