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Jovita Tri Astuti, Jovita Tri
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Computer Science & IT

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HUMAN EXCRETA DISCHARGING SYSTEM AND POTENTIAL NUTRIENT RECOVERY OF ECOLOGICAL SANITATION CONCEPT IS IMPLEMENTED IN SLUM AREA OF KIARACONDONG, BANDUNG Astuti, Jovita Tri; Nilawati, Dewi; Sintawardani, Neni; Ushijima, Ken
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 39, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v39i2.270

Abstract

This study was aimed to observe sanitation conditions of Kiaracondong and to estimate potential recovery of nutrient from human excreta. Interviews to 111 households covering of defecation frequency, toilet facilities, water sources and discharge systems were conducted through cooperation with the household association. Fresh faeces and urine samples were collected, weighed and characterized. Data of Kiaracondong population was required to calculate the nutrient recovery potential based on human excreta characteristics. The results showed that all public toilets in Kiaracondong, which were installed along the canals, have no water facilities and are in poor sanitation conditions. Wastewater from all public toilets and most private toilets were discharged directly to water bodies. Potential nutrients recovery from human excreta were 57.32, 2.79, 1.57, and 1.65kg.p -1 .y -1 , for OM, N, P, and K respectively. Meanwhile, total nutrient recovery in Kiaracondong was estimated to be 7,199; 350’ 197; and 207 tons.y -1 for OM, N, P, and K respectively. Worm ova was not detected in faeces and urine samples. However, bacteria E. coli and Enterobacter agglomerans and fungus Candida sp. were detected in faeces samples. Meanwhile, organisms in urine were E. coli, Enterobacter aglomerans, Serratia liquefaciens, Serratia marcescens and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Implementation of composting toilet was expected could be appropriately way to solve the sanitation problems.
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF VETIVER GRASS AS A PHYTOREMEDIATOR PLANT IN DOMESTIC GREYWATER TREATMENT Astuti, Jovita Tri; Sriwuryandari, Lies
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 39, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v39i3.313

Abstract

Source separation of domestic wastewater into greywater (GW) and blackwater (BW) streams is important in decentralizing treatment due to its different characteristics. GW is generated from bathroom, washing machine,kitchen sink, and vehicle washing. Meanwhile, BW is produced from toilet, urinal or bidet. In developing countries, untreated wastewater is widely used in agricultural and risk to human health and living organisms. The appropriate treatment is required to prevent water degradation. Phytoremediation is a sustainable way to mitigate pollution with using plant. This study was conducted to observe the characteristics of vetiver grass as phytoremediator for GW. There are two factors of treatment. First is growth media (M), i.e. tap water (TW) as control (M0) and GW (M1). The second is vetiver (V), i.e. without (V0) as control and with planting (V1). Three glass aquariums are used for each treatment as replicates. Eight individual stem bases of vetiver were placed at aquarium and allowed hydroponically growing. At harvesting (49th day), vegetative organs were collected and observed separately, i.e. root, stem and leaf. Pollutant removal was calculated by comparing the content before and after treatment of media with vetiver. Cultivation of vetiver in GW (M1V1) could increase the root number, total root length, and total root diameter as much as 54%, 92.2%, and 51%, respectively. Individual root length was in the range of 2.3-78.5cm and root diameter was 0.35-2.10mm. Compared to the initial, stem number increased 99%, while leaf number increased 4 times. Root/Shoot (R/S) ratio was 0.80±0.14. Polutant removal of GW by vetiver achieved 72.86% BOD5; 65.51% COD; 66.55% TN; 67.67% TP; 80.77% Fe; 71.43% Zn; 60% Pb; 65.81% detergent, and 100% phenol. Vetiver could reduced TPC 29.13%, MPN coliform 78.18%, and MPN fecal coli 91.54%. After treated with vetiver, GW complied to criteria of water Class IV that can used for irrigation in agricultural.
Co-Authors Dewi Nilawati, Dewi Neni Sintawardani Sriwuryandari, Lies Ushijima, Ken