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PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN Mg2+ TERHADAP PRODUKTIFITAS DAN KOMPOSISI ASAM LEMAK MICROALGAE SCENEDESMUS SEBAGAI BAHAN BIODIESEL Astuti, J Tri; Sriwuryandari, Lies; Sembiring, T
Jurnal Riset Industri Vol 5, No 3 (2011): Peningkatan Nilai Tambah dan Produktivitas Industri
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Industri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (6402.152 KB)

Abstract

Mikroalga berpotensi sebagai bahan biodiesel karena  berkadar lipid tinggi.  Efisiensi fotosintesanyapun tinggi sehingga menjadi metoda yang menarik untuk mitigasi gas CO2. Di dalam fotosintesis, Khlorofil-a (Khl-a) adalah senyawa aktif yang berperan menyerap energi matahari, dan Mg2+ mutlak diperlukan untuk produksi khlorofil. Ketersedian Mg2+ di dalam medium, baik pada kondisi defisiensi maupun surplus berpengaruh negatif terhadap pertumbuhan  sel.  Diperlukan  konsentrasi  Mg2+ yang  tepat.   Penelitian  bertujuan  untuk  melihat  pengaruh penambahan Mg2+ terhadap  produktifitas dan karakteristik Scenedesmus sp sebagai bahan biodiesel. Dalam penelitian, digunakan media kultivasi  yang ditambah Mg2+ pada dosis bervariasi, yaitu 0 (SM-0); 0.1(SM-1); and 1.0 mgL-1 (SM-2) secara batch pada kondisi alami. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap pH, Khl-a, Densitas Optik (DO),  berat kering sel  (BKS), kadar lipid dan  komposisi asam  lemak. Data menunjukkan  Scenedesmus  sp mampu  beradaptasi  terhadap  suhu  lingkungan (22-37°C).  Kadar  Khl-a   berkisar antara  78-133mg.L-1. BKS mencapai  750; 600; 500mg.L-1 dengan kadar lipid 14.25; 21.50; dan 23.50%  untuk SM-0; SM-1; dan SM-2. Penambahan Mg2+ meningkatkan kadar lipid tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap komposisi asam lemak. Produktifitas lipid mencapai 129 (SM-1); 117.5 (SM-2) dan 106.5mg.L-1(SM-0). Asam lemak Scenedesmus sp didominasi oleh palmitat (66.92%), laurat (37.61%), dan miristat (11.61%) yang cocok untuk biodiesel.Kata kuncl:  Biodiesel, mitigasi C02, khlorofil, magnesium, asam lemak, lipid, Scenedesmus sp. 
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN Mg2+ TERHADAP PRODUKTIFITAS DAN KOMPOSISI ASAM LEMAK MICROALGAE SCENEDESMUS SEBAGAI BAHAN BIODIESEL Astuti, J Tri; Sriwuryandari, Lies; Sembiring, T
Jurnal Riset Industri Vol 5, No 3 (2011): Peningkatan Nilai Tambah dan Produktivitas Industri
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Industri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (6402.152 KB)

Abstract

Mikroalga berpotensi sebagai bahan biodiesel karena  berkadar lipid tinggi.  Efisiensi fotosintesanyapun tinggi sehingga menjadi metoda yang menarik untuk mitigasi gas CO2. Di dalam fotosintesis, Khlorofil-a (Khl-a) adalah senyawa aktif yang berperan menyerap energi matahari, dan Mg2+ mutlak diperlukan untuk produksi khlorofil. Ketersedian Mg2+ di dalam medium, baik pada kondisi defisiensi maupun surplus berpengaruh negatif terhadap pertumbuhan  sel.  Diperlukan  konsentrasi  Mg2+ yang  tepat.   Penelitian  bertujuan  untuk  melihat  pengaruh penambahan Mg2+ terhadap  produktifitas dan karakteristik Scenedesmus sp sebagai bahan biodiesel. Dalam penelitian, digunakan media kultivasi  yang ditambah Mg2+ pada dosis bervariasi, yaitu 0 (SM-0); 0.1(SM-1); and 1.0 mgL-1 (SM-2) secara batch pada kondisi alami. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap pH, Khl-a, Densitas Optik (DO),  berat kering sel  (BKS), kadar lipid dan  komposisi asam  lemak. Data menunjukkan  Scenedesmus  sp mampu  beradaptasi  terhadap  suhu  lingkungan (22-37°C).  Kadar  Khl-a   berkisar antara  78-133mg.L-1. BKS mencapai  750; 600; 500mg.L-1 dengan kadar lipid 14.25; 21.50; dan 23.50%  untuk SM-0; SM-1; dan SM-2. Penambahan Mg2+ meningkatkan kadar lipid tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap komposisi asam lemak. Produktifitas lipid mencapai 129 (SM-1); 117.5 (SM-2) dan 106.5mg.L-1(SM-0). Asam lemak Scenedesmus sp didominasi oleh palmitat (66.92%), laurat (37.61%), dan miristat (11.61%) yang cocok untuk biodiesel.Kata kuncl:  Biodiesel, mitigasi C02, khlorofil, magnesium, asam lemak, lipid, Scenedesmus sp. 
EFFECTS OF NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION IN MULTI STAGE FEEDING OF THE GROWTH OF MICROALGAE Nannochloropsis sp. Sriwuryandari, Lies; Priantoro, Ekaputra Agung; Sembiring, Tarzan
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 40, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (16.054 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v40i2.470

Abstract

Renewable energy plays an important role for a sustainable future and the use of microalgae Nannochloropsis sp., as a potential source of biofuel due to its high lipid content, makes a good option. The nutrient found in the growth medium of microalgae have been found to affect cell synthesis, lipid synthesis, as well as its fatty acid profile. This study was conducted to observe the effects of the N-P concentration utilizing multistage feeding on the performance of Nannochloropsis sp. Sodium bicarbonate, urea, and sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate were used as sources of C, N, and P for the microalgae. The nutrient feeding needed was calculated based on a molecular formula of microalgae(CO0.48H1.83N0.11P0.01) with a production target 1g.L-1 cell biomass. Element C is an iso-molar. The concentration of N- P varies: corresponding to the mol-fraction of the microalgae cell (as a control) and 10% excess. There were four levels of treatment: A (U0P0); B (U10P0); C (U0P10); and D (U10P10) with three replicants in the batch culture system. Nutrient feeding was conducted in three stages: I (40%); II (30%);and III (30%) and incubated in a neutral environment. Nannochloropsis sp. was able to grow well at a temperature of 24–35°C and an acidity level (pH) of 9.0–10.5. The culture (on the 21st day) produced DCW 0.93; 1.04; 0.86;1.12g.L-1, Chlorophyll-a 7.08; 7.62; 4.64; 6.85% DC, lipid 19.2; 15.5; 27.3; and 21.6% DC for treatments A; B;C; and D, respectively.The maximum lipid level resulted in an N deficiency and a P surplus (C). The lipids of the Nannochloropsis sp. composed of 66.0–81.1% saturated fatty acid which is suitable to be used as a biofuel.
LIQUID BIOFERTILIZER AND COMPOST FROM ORGANIC MARKET WASTE Sriwuryandari, Lies; Sembiring, Tarzan
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 33, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v33i2.22

Abstract

Liquid biofertilizer and compost from organic market waste were produce by the addition of some functional microorganisms. Azospirrillium sp., Azotobacter sp., Lactobacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Actinomycetes were inoculated into liquid or solid raw materials. The ripe biofertilizer were characterized and meets the Indonesian National standards for biofertilizer. Actinomycetes contained in the liquid fertilizer about 2.95 x 108 cfu/ml, which is meet the standard (? 104 cfu/ml) and other functional microorganisms namely Lactobacillus sp., Azospirillium sp., Azotobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp. and phosphate diluters were grown enormously with the population of more than 105 cfu/ml respectively. Qualitative test of the fertilizer shown that the fertilizer are effective for the crops such as Long bean (Vigna unguiculata), Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), Leek (Allium ampeloprassum) and others. Production of biofertilizer using organic market waste support the organic farming and the national policy on the fertilizer.
INFLUENCE OF NI++ AND FE++ ON THE ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADATION OF ORGANIC WASTE SUSPENSION Sriwuryandari, Lies; Sembiring, T.
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 32, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (16.048 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v32i1.56

Abstract

Study of the effect of trace elements of Ni and Fe and acidity on the biodegradation of organic material in anaerobic condition was executed in serum vials. Effect of ferrous, nickel, its combination and acidity were determined by the measurement of volatile fatty acids, methane, hydrogen, and organic materials concentration during the experiment. The influence of nickel and ferrous on the biodegradation of organic materials shows that ferrous was more favorable although nickel is an essential element for methanogens. Iron stimulated gas production more quickly than nickel did in anaerobic digestion even for organic material elimination was better in the presence of iron rather than nickel. Effect of acidity on the biodegradation shown that pH should be above 6.5 to have an optimum degradation of organic substances.
Biomethane and Biohydrogen from Biowaste /Wastewater Sriwuryandari, Lies; Sembiring, T.
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 37, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v37i3.227

Abstract

The production of renewable energy from biowaste or liquid biowaste in anaerobic condition by the activity of methanogenic archeabacteria in the central role is known as biomethanation. However, at the high concentration of loading rate of the process, related with the sensitivity of methanogens to the environmental shift, such as pH, heavy metals, sulfide, and hydrogen partial pressure, as well as the need of the methanogens to the strict anaerobic conditions, the methane production often was disturbed, even failed. This is one problem in the biowaste and liquid biowaste conversion into methane. Study on the fermentation process of biowaste/liquid biowaste into hydrogen is an attractive solution on the solving of environmental pollution and the need of energy. The complexity of the hydrogen production is seemly less than that of biomethanation due to the needs of the active microorganisms in the processes.
Biodegradasi Limbah Padat Organik secara anaerob: Proses semi kontinu Sriwuryandari, Lies; Sembiring, Tarzan
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 32, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (16.042 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v32i2.6

Abstract

On the minimizing of organic solid waste coming to open dumping area, the municipal organic waste was used as substrate for anaerobic degradation and methane generation. Experiment either in the semi continuous bioreactor or in serum vials showed that the rate of organic substance conversion is low. The degradation rate is between 3550 % of organic material feed into bioreactor where pH is in optimum condition for methane generation. The overall limiting step of organic material biodegradation is the hydrolysis of organic fiber into soluble organic substance.
GROWTH RESPONSE OF NANNOCHLOROPSIS AT OUTDOOR CULTIVATION IN MEDIUM WITH VARIATION OF NITROGEN CONCENTRATION Astuti, J. Tri; Sriwuryandari, Lies; Yusiasih, Retno; Sembiring, Tarzan
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 33, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (16.048 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v33i2.20

Abstract

Micro-algae are fast-growing unicellular photosynthetic microorganisms that able to fi x CO2 while capturing solar energy. Source and concentration of nitrogen itself affected to the growth character and composition of microalgae. Cultivation with limited of nitrogen resulted great increase in the lipid content. This study was conducted to investigate the infl uence of nitrogen concentration to the growth rate and lipid characteristics of Nannochloropsis sp. In this study, ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) was added in different concentration, i.e. 0; 30; 70; and 100% based on nitrogen content in f/2 medium, or equivalent to 0; 1.06; 2.47; and 3.53 (10-4 M). All treatment was prepared triplicate, then cultivated at outdoor batch culture systems and aerated continuously with a sterilized of atmospheric air. The algae biomass was harvested at 14th day after inoculated and then analyzed. Data showed that Nannochloropsis sp. could be cultivated in the outdoor batch system, which temperature was in the range of 26.1137.97oC, with average of 33.44oC. Compared to its initial condition, pH culture increased signifi cantly from 6.92 to 8.54. The highest OD680nm (0.500) and dry cell concentration (458mg.L-1) was obtained by using NH4NO3 at 2.47x10-4 M. The lipid content was 63.58% and 46.59% of dry cell weight when using nitrogen 1.06x 10-4M and 2.47x10-4M, respectively. Composition of fatty acid was not signifi cantly affected by the changing of nitrogen concentration. Palmitic acid (C16:0) was the most of fatty acid in Nannochloropsis sp. (44.4753.97%), followed by lauric acid (25.7834.34%), and myrictic acid (19.0721.19%). The using of N-NH4NO3 at 2.47x10-4M gave the highest lipid content of 213.15mg.L-1.
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF VETIVER GRASS AS A PHYTOREMEDIATOR PLANT IN DOMESTIC GREYWATER TREATMENT Astuti, Jovita Tri; Sriwuryandari, Lies
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 39, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v39i3.313

Abstract

Source separation of domestic wastewater into greywater (GW) and blackwater (BW) streams is important in decentralizing treatment due to its different characteristics. GW is generated from bathroom, washing machine,kitchen sink, and vehicle washing. Meanwhile, BW is produced from toilet, urinal or bidet. In developing countries, untreated wastewater is widely used in agricultural and risk to human health and living organisms. The appropriate treatment is required to prevent water degradation. Phytoremediation is a sustainable way to mitigate pollution with using plant. This study was conducted to observe the characteristics of vetiver grass as phytoremediator for GW. There are two factors of treatment. First is growth media (M), i.e. tap water (TW) as control (M0) and GW (M1). The second is vetiver (V), i.e. without (V0) as control and with planting (V1). Three glass aquariums are used for each treatment as replicates. Eight individual stem bases of vetiver were placed at aquarium and allowed hydroponically growing. At harvesting (49th day), vegetative organs were collected and observed separately, i.e. root, stem and leaf. Pollutant removal was calculated by comparing the content before and after treatment of media with vetiver. Cultivation of vetiver in GW (M1V1) could increase the root number, total root length, and total root diameter as much as 54%, 92.2%, and 51%, respectively. Individual root length was in the range of 2.3-78.5cm and root diameter was 0.35-2.10mm. Compared to the initial, stem number increased 99%, while leaf number increased 4 times. Root/Shoot (R/S) ratio was 0.80±0.14. Polutant removal of GW by vetiver achieved 72.86% BOD5; 65.51% COD; 66.55% TN; 67.67% TP; 80.77% Fe; 71.43% Zn; 60% Pb; 65.81% detergent, and 100% phenol. Vetiver could reduced TPC 29.13%, MPN coliform 78.18%, and MPN fecal coli 91.54%. After treated with vetiver, GW complied to criteria of water Class IV that can used for irrigation in agricultural.
Co-Authors Astuti, J Tri astuti, J. Tri Jovita Tri Astuti, Jovita Tri Priantoro, Ekaputra Agung Retno Yusiasih Sembiring, T Sembiring, T. Sembiring, Tarzan