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Ni Made Gari
PS Biologi FMIPA UNUD

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POTENSI FILTRAT JAMUR Trichoderma sp. DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Aspergillus sp. PADA PAKAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.) Ni Made Fiona Ranika; Ni Made Gari; Anak Agung Ketut Darmadi
SIMBIOSIS Simbiosis Volume 13 No. 1 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2025.v13.i01.

Abstract

Corn is a crop that is used as a strategic commodity for Indonesia as it can be used as animal feed. However, corn production is easily decreased due to the presence of Aspergillus sp. fungi which is able to produce aflatoxin that can affect the livestock health problems. Based on this issue, a method of controlling Aspergillus is needed by using Trichoderma sp. fungus filtrate which has antagonistic properties to pathogens. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of Trichoderma sp. fungus in inhibiting the growth of Aspergillus sp. isolated from corn grain feed, to obtain the concentration of Trichoderma sp. filtrate that is optimal in suppressing the growth of Aspergillus sp. pathogens and to determine the comparison of positive control inhibitory power with Trichoderma sp. filtrate treatment on Aspergillus sp. pathogens. This study used a Complete Randomized Design (RAL) with dual culture methods and diffusion wells with different doses, namely 10% (v / v), 25% (v / v), 40% (v / v), 55% (v / v), and 70% (v / v). The results showed that the fungus and Trichoderma sp. filtrate had a significant effect in inhibiting the growth of Aspergillus sp. (P ≤ 0,05). The percentage of inhibition of Trichoderma sp. in inhibiting the growth of Aspergillus sp. with dual culture method was 68,61 ± 0,83%. Another study of Trichoderma sp. filtrate test on Aspergillus sp. produced the largest clear zone in the 70% treatment with a diameter of 14,81 ± 0,45 mm and the smallest was found in the 10% treatment with a diameter of 9,06 ± 0,55 mm, while in the positive control treatment a diameter of 19,53 ± 0,94 mm was obtained. The filtrate capability is expected to be a solution for related parties in improving the quality of corn grain feed.
KARAKTERISTIK ANATOMI SEL EPIDERMIS DAUN DAN STOMATA TANAMAN KAMBOJA (Plumeria spp.) DI DESA PEMOGAN, KECAMATAN DENPASAR SELATAN, KOTA DENPASAR, BALI: ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LEAF EPIDERMAL CELLS AND STOMATA IN FRANGIPANI PLANTS (Plumeria spp.) IN PEMOGAN VILLAGE, SOUTH DENPASAR DISTRICT, DENPASAR CITY, BALI Faukha Aisyatur Rahma; Ni Made Gari; Made Pharmawati
SIMBIOSIS Simbiosis Volume 13 No. 2 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2025.v13.i02.p08

Abstract

Frangipani plants (Plumeria spp.) is a member of the Apocynaceae family that can live in various soil conditions. The anatomical structure of frangipani leaves generally consists of epidermis, stomata, trichomes, mesophyll, and vascular bundles. Anatomical characteristics can be used as complementary data in addition to morphological characteristic data in grouping a species. This study aims to determine the anatomical characteristics of leaves from epidermal cells and stomata in seven taxa of frangipani plants located in Pemogan Village, South Denpasar District, Denpasar City, Bali. The study was conducted by observing epidermal cells and stomata in leaf samples taken from the fifth to sixth leaves from the shoot with three leaves each per plant. Observation of epidermal cells and stomata was carried out by the boiling method with 60% nitric acid (HNO3) solution. The results showed that the characteristics of epidermal cells and stomata varied in epidermal cell size, stomata size, and stomatal index. Plumeria spp. has a polygonal epidermis (quadrilateral - octagonal) with irregular edges. The stomata are of the parasitic type, characterized by two neighboring cells located parallel to the guard cells, and are found in abundance on the adaxial and abaxial parts of the leaves in the six cultivars observed, except in P. obtusa L Singapore, where stomata were only found on the abaxial part of the leaves. Key word: Frangipani, anatomy, epidermal cells, stomata