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All Journal Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Paediatrica Indonesiana
Muchammad Fahrul Udin, Muchammad Fahrul
Unknown Affiliation
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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A Complex Pediatric Case: Cerebral Palsy Complicated by Severe Pneumonia and Atelectasis Gatiningrum, Anindita; Udin, Muchammad Fahrul
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2022.033.03.11

Abstract

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a non-progressive motor and cognitive disorder resulting from brain injury during development. Cerebral palsy (CP) promotes the development of respiratory disorders, including pneumonia and atelectasis. In this case, an 8-year-old male with cerebral palsy presented with complaints of shortness of breath, intermittent fever, productive cough, and decreased appetite. His respiratory rate was 28 beats per minute, SpO2 was 85%, and temperature was 37°C. Chest X-ray showed right pleural effusion with atelectasis, pneumonia in the left lung, emphysematous lung, and thoracic scoliosis. Bronchoscopy examination showed total atelectasis in the middle lobe of the right lung, with Streptococcus mitis or Streptococcus oralis identified through microbiological examination. Individuals with CP are susceptible to respiratory diseases due to neuromuscular impairment of the laryngeal muscles. This impairment can progress to atelectasis and pneumonia, representing the most common respiratory complications in CP. 
Using complete blood count markers to predict febrile seizures Maulena, Ufik; Udin, Muchammad Fahrul
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 65 No. 2 (2025): March 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi65.2.2025.110-6

Abstract

Background The complete blood count test includes some markers of inflammation. Febrile seizures have been associated with inflammatory processes. Objective To investigate for possible relationships between the occurrence of febrile seizures (FS) and complete blood count (CBC) parameters. Methods Two hundred children aged 6-60 months presenting with fever at the Emergency Department between January 2022–August 2023 were included. These subjects were divided into a febrile seizures group (n = 100) and a control fever without seizures group (n =100). Demographic and complete blood count data were compared using logistic regression test. Results The frequency of febrile seizures was significantly higher in younger children [mean age 23.89 (SD 15.88) months]. The febrile seizures group had lower lymphocyte counts but significantly higher white blood cell (WBC), neutrophils, platelets, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) values than the control group. Multivariate analysis revealed that NLR (OR=0.84; P=0.001), PLR (OR=0.939; P=0.001), WBC (OR =0.773; P=0.001), neutrophil- platelet ratio (NPR) (OR=0.000; P=0.001), platelets (PLT) (OR=0.996; P=0.017), lymphocytes (OR=1.239; P=0.0001), and neutrophils (OR=1.047; P=0.022) had significant associations with febrile seizures while other parameters did not. Conclusion Patients with febrile seizures had significantly higher levels of inflammatory markers, such as NLR, PLR, WBCs, PLTs, neutrophils, and NPR, and lower levels of lymphocytes than children with fever but no seizures, as determined by complete blood count findings.
Diagnostic performance of digital and traditional stethoscopes for detecting pneumonia-associated crackles in pediatric pneumonia patients Udin, Muchammad Fahrul; Olivianto, Ery; Yusuf, Muhammad; Lestari, Hotma; Amar, Nasim; Bulain, Stanley; Raziq, Muhammad Abdul; Sajidah, Farah; Pareira, Raymundus Florentino Mariano; Anggarkusuma, Michelle Vanessa; Mulia, Rizki Hari
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 65 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Background Advancements in healthcare technology have enabled the development of digital stethoscopes, enhancing auscultation in telemedicine practices. By remotely capturing and transmitting respiratory sounds, these devices improve physical examinations as well as the diagnosis and monitoring of respiratory diseases, particularly in remote or underserved areas. Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a piezoelectric sensor-based digital stethoscope compared to a conventional stethoscope in detecting crackles associated with pediatric pneumonia. Methods This prospective comparative study involved 30 randomly selected pediatric pneumonia patients. Two pediatric pulmonologists independently assessed breath sounds in six lung areas using both digital and conventional stethoscopes. Findings were compared to evaluate the digital stethoscope’s sensitivity and specificity in detecting crackles, with the conventional stethoscope serving as the reference standard. Results The digital stethoscope demonstrated high sensitivity (>90%) and specificity (>90%) in detecting crackles, comparable to the conventional stethoscope. Examiner 1 achieved a sensitivity of 93.16%, a specificity of 97.10%, and an accuracy of 94.62%, while Examiner 2 achieved a sensitivity of 90.43%, a specificity of 91.55%, and an accuracy of 90.86%. The study highlights the potential of digital stethoscopes in telemedicine applications, particularly for pediatric respiratory assessments. Conclusion The digital stethoscope shows good diagnostic performance and may be a viable tool for remote auscultation. Its use may improve access to diagnostics in underserved areas or when in-person exams are difficult.
Co-Authors Amar, Nasim Anggarkusuma, Michelle Vanessa Bulain, Stanley Ery Olivianto Gatiningrum, Anindita Lestari, Hotma Maulena, Ufik Muhammad Yusuf Mulia, Rizki Hari Pareira, Raymundus Florentino Mariano Raziq, Muhammad Abdul Sajidah, Farah