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All Journal Intermestic: Journal of International Studies Pinisi Journal of Entrepreneurship Review
Jiuhardi Jiuhardi
Universitas Mulawarman, Indonesia
Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Protecting National Security and Economic Freedom Arfiah Busari; Zamruddin Hasid; Jiuhardi Jiuhardi
Intermestic: Journal of International Studies Vol 7 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/intermestic.v7n2.7

Abstract

Makalah ini berinisiatif untuk mempelajari kausalitas antara military spending (MS), GDP of military sector (GMS), armed forces personnel (AFP), arms exports (AE), dan arms imports (AI) terhadap kebebasan ekonomi (FE). Objektivitas ditentukan di Indonesia–Malaysia–Singapura. Regresi data panel digunakan untuk menguji serangkaian hipotesis selama kurun 2014–2021. Selanjutnya, parameter probabilitas yang diberlakukan adalah ? <0,05. Berbagai kesimpulan memperlihatkan ada perbedaan pada tiga pengamatan. Pertama, AFP dan AE berpengaruh signifikan terhadap EF di Indonesia. Kedua, MS, GMS, dan AI justru mempengaruhi EF di Malaysia secara signifikan. Ketiga, MS, GMS, dan AFP mempunyai keterkaitan yang signifikan bagi EF di Singapura. Hasil penyelidikan memberikan wawasan yang berguna mengenai kemajuan industri militer dan teknologi senjata, sehingga membawa eskalasi perekonomian yang lebih progresif. Kebebasan ekonomi sebagai identitas yang melambangkan kematangan kemakmuran sebuah negara. Oleh karenanya, kedamaian sukar tercapai apabila tuntutan untuk memperjuangkan kesejahteraan tidak selenggarakan.
How Entrepreneurship Education and Demographic Factors Shape Entrepreneurial Intention: The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Attitude Gerry Gregorius; Rahcmad Budi Suharto; Jiuhardi Jiuhardi; Djoko Setyadi
Pinisi Journal of Entrepreneurship Review Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Pinisi Journal of Entrepreneurship Review
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62794/pjer.v3i3.348

Abstract

In recent years, unemployment among university graduates has remained an important economic challenge, increasing the relevance of entrepreneurship as a strategic pathway for employment creation and economic resilience. This study examines the direct and indirect effects of entrepreneurship education and demographic factors on entrepreneurial intention, with entrepreneurial attitude serving as a mediating variable. A quantitative explanatory approach was employed to investigate the relationships among the proposed variables. Data were collected from 78 respondents selected through proportional random sampling in a higher education context. The findings indicate that entrepreneurship education, demographic factors, and entrepreneurial attitude significantly influence entrepreneurial intention, both directly and indirectly. The results further suggest that entrepreneurial attitude functions as an important mediating mechanism that strengthens the contribution of entrepreneurship education and demographic characteristics to entrepreneurial intention. These findings imply that strengthening entrepreneurial intention requires not only effective entrepreneurship education but also greater attention to individual background characteristics and the formation of positive attitudes toward entrepreneurship. This study offers practical implications for higher education institutions in designing entrepreneurship learning programs that are more adaptive, inclusive, and oriented toward the development of entrepreneurial mindset and intention. The study also provides a basis for future research to expand the model by incorporating additional predictors and broader methodological approaches.
Co-Authors Arfiah Busari Djoko Setyadi Gerry Gregorius Rahcmad Budi Suharto Zamruddin Hasid