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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Tropis Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Vera Septaria
Universitas Andalas
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Exploration and Characterization of Grain Morphology and Rice (caryopsis) Genotypes of Local Rice in Solok Regency, West Sumatra Vera Septaria; Musliar Kasim; Irfan Suliansyah; Auzar Syarif; Juniarti Juniarti
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 3 (2023): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i3.5010

Abstract

South Solok Regency is one of the potential areas for rice development in West Sumatra Province. The local rice in South Solok Regency is a type of rice that can potentially be developed for germplasm conservation. One genetic resource that needs to be developed is abiotic and biotic resistance to conserve germplasm so that the local rice plants in South Solok can be maintained on certain lands. The first step that must be taken in conservation efforts is to find, identify and collect local rice genotypes in South Solok Regency. This study aimed to explore and characterize the morphology of local grain and rice in Solok Selatan Regency. This study used a survey method, and the exploration location was determined by purposive sampling. The survey results found 18 local South Solok rice genotypes from four sub-districts. The results of grain morphological characterization showed differences in quantitative properties (length, width, thickness, and weight of 100 grains of grain and caryopsis and grain tail length) as well as differences in qualitative characteristics (lemma and palea color, rice color (caryopsis) and shape, rice (caryopsis). Dendrogram results from cluster analysis of 18 local rice genotypes of South Solok, the coefficient of similarity was between 0.27 – 0.64 (27 -64%) with the highest similarity coefficient of genotypes G013 (rambuman variety) and G016 (redek sangir variety) with a value of 0.64 (64%).
Identification of Resistance of Local Rice Genotypes from Solok Selatan, West Sumatra to Leaf Blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) and Iron (Fe)Toxicity Vera Septaria; Musliar Kasim; Irfan Suliansyah; Auzar Syarif; Juniarti Juniarti
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v9i4.486

Abstract

Rice production in acidic soils is often limited by leaf blast disease and iron (Fe) toxicity. This study aimed to identify local rice genotypes cultivated in Solok Selatan that are tolerant to leaf blast disease and iron stresses at the vegetative stage. Ten rice genotypes, consisting of six local genotypes and four comparison genotypes, were tested under three levels of soil Fe content (11,393.12 ppm, 16,781.83 ppm, and 18,699.25 ppm) using a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The observed variables were number of tillers, root length, leaf blast score, and Fe toxicity score. The results showed that Batang Piaman had the highest number of tillers (72.00), while Guliang Tandai Merah and Batu Hampar Putih had the longest roots (50.67 cm and 49.78 cm). Guliang Tandai Merah had the lowest leaf blast score (2.89), and together with Batang Piaman, also showed low Fe toxicity scores (3.56 and 3.22), indicating good tolerance. In contrast, Simauang and IR64 were the most susceptible against iron toxicity compared to other rice genotypes. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) explained 81.80% of the total variation and placed Batang Piaman and Cilamaya Muncul in the quadrant of high tolerance and good agronomic traits. Cluster analysis grouped the genotypes into three major clusters, with Guliang Tandai Merah and Batu Hampar Putih forming a distinct group based on strong root traits. Although no genotype was completely resistant, Batang Piaman and Guliang Tandai Merah are promising candidates for breeding programs targeting leaf blast and Fe toxicity tolerance.
Co-Authors Auzar Syarif Irfan Suliansyah Juniarti Juniarti Musliar Kasim