Djoko Marsono
Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281

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STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS TUMBUHAN DAN FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN DI LAHAN KRITIS, IMOGIRI YOGYAKARTA (Community Structure of Plant and Environmental Factor in Critical Land, Imogiri Yogyakarta) Maizer Said Nahdi; Djoko Marsono; Tjut Sugandawaty Djohan; M. Baequni
Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan Vol 21, No 1 (2014): Maret
Publisher : Pusat Studi Lingkungan Hidup Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jml.18513

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan mempelajari struktur komunitas tumbuhan pada berbagai tingkat pertumbuhan  sebagai  respon  terhadap aktivitas masyarakat, dan kualitas fisik kimia tanah yang terbentuk di kawasan lahan kritis Imogiri. Metode penelitian menggunakan kuadrat plot, dengan  ukuran plot 1x1, 5x5, 10x10, ulangan 6 – 10 diletakkan secara stratified random sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan mengamati kehadiran cacah spesies, dihitung kerapatan, dominansi, frekuensi spesies, dan Nilai Penting. Analisis ordinasi dua dimensi digunakan untuk mengelompokkan komunitas pada berbagai tingkat pertumbuhan, dengan analisis t-test untuk uji signifikansi unsur fisik kimia tanah. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 303 spesies, terdiri dari 34 tingkat pohon, 62 sapling dan 207 tumbuhan bawah dengan distribusi yang bervariasi. Kemelimpahan menunjukkan bahwa pada tingkat pohon terjadi pengelompokan, sedangkan pada tingkat sapling dan tumbuhan bawah mengumpul menjadi satu. Dalbergia sisso tingkat pohon dan sapling serta tumbuhan bawah  Euphatorium inulifolium merupakan spesies paling dominan dan merespon kondisi lahan kritis sehingga dapat dijumpai pada semua lokasi kajian. Kemelimpahan tingkat pohon sangat dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas masyarakat, dan mineral organik yang terbentuk sehingga didominasi vegetasi dengan nilai ekonomi tinggi. Sedangkan kehadiran spesies tingkat sapling dan tumbuhan bawah merespon kandungan hara yang terbentuk. ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research was to study the community structure of plant at different growth-forms in response to the activities of the local community (people) and the physico-chemical characteristics of soil in the critical land of Imogiri. The research methods employed random quadrat with plot size of 1 x 1, 5 x 5, 10 x 10 m.  The placement of the plot followed stratified random sampling. At each plot, species richness, density, dominance, frequency of species, importance values were calculated. The grouping of growth-forms was analyzed using Ordination Analysis and t-test was used to find out the significance of physico-chemical characteristics of the soil. The finding suggested that 303 species could be found in Imogiri, consisting of 34 trees, 62 saplings, and 207 seedlings. Based on the calcultation of the species abundance, it could be concluded that there was an unequal pattern of vegetation communities at the level of trees, saplings, and seedlings/ shrubs. At the level of tree, grouping could be found. Meanwhile at the level of tree, sapling and seedlings  tend to show one group (clumped). The tree and sapling of Dalbergia sisso and the shrub of Euphatorium inulifolium showed high dominance and responded the critical land very well hence they could be found in almost in all locations. The abundance of tree species was highly influenced by people’s activities and organic minerals that occur in the area. Hence, most of trees had high economical value. Meanwhile, the presence of species at the level of sapling and seedling responded the occuring soil-nutrients. 
KONSERVASI KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI TANAMAN PADA SISTEM KALIWU DI PULAU SUMBA (Plant Biodiversity Conservation On Kaliwu System at Sumba Island) Gerson N. Njurumana; Djoko Marsono; Irham Irham; Ronggo Sadono
Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan Vol 21, No 1 (2014): Maret
Publisher : Pusat Studi Lingkungan Hidup Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jml.18514

Abstract

ABSTRAKKonservasi keanekaragaman hayati tanaman di lahan rakyat memiliki peluang strategis mendorong masyarakat melakukan konservasinya, karena akumulasi lahan rakyat lebih luas dibandingkan dengan kawasan konservasi alam yang tersedia. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pemahaman mengenai sudut pandang masyarakat dan penerapannya dalam konservasi keanekaragaman hayati tanaman, yang tercermin pada berbagai bentuk dan sistem pengelolaannya oleh masyarakat. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui sudut pandang masyarakat terhadap keanekaragaman hayati tanaman, dan penerapannya melalui pengelolaan sistem Kaliwu di Pulau Sumba. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa pemahaman masyarakat terhadap keanekaragaman hayati tanaman sangat komprehensif, karena nilai dan manfaatnya menyentuh aspek-aspek kehidupan masyarakat yaitu aspek ekonomi-pendapatan, aspek ekologi-konservasi, aspek sosial-budaya dan aspek spiritual. Manifestasi dari sudut pandang masyarakat diterapkan melalui pengelolaan keanekaragaman hayati tanaman pada sistem Kaliwu yang mencapai 145 spesies, termasuk spesies terancam punah dan langka yang berasal dari 52 Famili. Nilai dan prinsip dasar dari konservasi keanekaragaman hayati tanaman oleh masyarakat pada sistem Kaliwu bersimpul pada keselarasan dan keberlanjutan antara kegiatan pemanfaatan dan konservasinya. ABSTRACTPlant biodiversity conservation on communities land has a strategic opportunity in encouraging community to carry out plant conservation due to the higher accumulation of people’s land compared to the conservation area available. Therefore, understanding is required on the community perspective  and its implementation in the plant biodiversity conservation shown in the various  managerial forms and systems that the community performs. This research aimed to identify the community perspective on plant biodiversity and its implementation through the management of Kaliwu system at Sumba Island. The results shows that community understanding on plant biodiversity is highly comprehensive since its values and benefits have reached the community life aspects including  economic-income, ecological-conservation, socio-cultural and spiritual aspects. Based on the community perspective, manifestation is implemented through the plant biodiversity management in the Kaliwu system of 145 species, including endangered and rare species from 52 families. The basic values and principles of plant biodiversity conservation that the community has conducted on the Kaliwu system are based on the harmony and sustainability between utilization and conservation.