Rahmat Syah
STABN Sriwijaya, Indonesia

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Development of The Brahma-Vihara Attitude Measurement Instrument Among Buddhist Adolescents Anne Svasthi Gautami; Erika Yanti; Tegar Susanto; Rahmat Syah
Edukasi Vol 17, No 1 (2023): Teacher education and professional development
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/edukasi.v17i1.44157

Abstract

Buddhism teaches four spiritual attitudes known as Brahma-Vihara: loving-kindness, compassion, empathetic joy, and equanimity. Applied in daily life, these attitudes can help teenagers develop good character traits such as empathy, tolerance, cooperation, and wisdom. This study aims to develop an instrument for measuring Brahma-Vihara attitudes among Buddhist adolescents in Tangerang Regency. The study used the Research and Development method with five stages of instrument development: literature study, instrument preparation, validation by experts, attitude assessment trial, and language instrument testing. A sample of 120 respondents was selected using purposive sampling technique, and the collected data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha reliability test. The results showed that the Brahma-Vihara attitude measurement instrument for adolescents in Tangerang Regency is valid and reliable for use in certain subjects. The instrument consists of 75 items with a five-point Likert scale and is divided into four dimensions of Brahma-Vihara attitudes, namely metta (loving-kindness), karuna (compassion), mudita (sympathetic joy), and upekkha (equanimity). This instrument can help facilitate Buddhists in understanding the noble qualities of Dhamma and provide benefits to the education world in developing attitude assessment instruments in certain subjects.
Development of Digital Learning Media for Community-Based Education: A Collaborative Innovation and Literacy Framework Daddy Darmawan; Puji Hadiyanti; Setiawan Wibowo; Rahmat Syah; Muhammad Fadhlan  Abdillah
Journal of Nonformal Education Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): Adult education & Community empowerment
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jone.v11i2.32060

Abstract

Background: The rapid advancement of digital technology has transformed global education, yet disparities in access persist, particularly in low-income and rural regions. Digital literacy—encompassing technical, critical, and ethical competencies—remains underdeveloped due to insufficient teacher training and infrastructural limitations. Research Objectives: This study aims to (1) assess the effectiveness of FOCIL in improving digital literacy, (2) evaluate its socio-cultural and infrastructural adaptability, and (3) identify key features that enhance learning outcomes in underserved communities. Research Method: A mixed-methods sequential exploratory design was employed, combining qualitative stakeholder interviews, observational studies, and document analysis, followed by quantitative usability and field trials. Research Findings: The FOCIL platform significantly enhanced literacy outcomes, with participants demonstrating greater progress than those using conventional methods. Learning modules that incorporated local wisdom, such as regional folktales, proved more engaging and achieved higher completion rates than generic materials. The platform’s low-bandwidth design effectively supported learners in rural areas, enabling continued access through offline mode. Interactive features, particularly discussion forums and gamification, played a central role in boosting engagement and reinforcing learning gains. Conclusion: FOCIL effectively bridges digital divides by aligning with socio-cultural contexts, overcoming infrastructural barriers, and employing evidence-based pedagogies. Challenges include server latency and the need for teacher training. Future iterations should integrate AI-driven feedback and expand partnerships for scalability. Novelty/Originality/Value:  This study contributes a validated Cultural-Technological Implementation Framework and an open-source, adaptive platform tailored for resource-constrained settings. It advances the discourse on equitable digital education by demonstrating how community-centric design and hybrid learning models can enhance literacy and inclusion.