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All Journal Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture
Suryanti Suryanti
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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The Potential of Rhizophagus intraradices, Bacillus thuringiensis Bt BMKP and Silica for Anthracnose Disease Control in Shallot Rizky Amallia; Suryanti Suryanti; Tri Joko
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 38, No 2 (2023): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i2.76536

Abstract

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a prevalent disease that poses a significant threat to shallot production in Indonesia. To mitigate this issue, the use of biological agents presents an alternative for disease control, reducing the inherent risks associated with the use of chemical pesticides. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the potentiality and mechanism of the biological agents (Rhizophagus intraradices and Bacillus thuringiensis) combined with silica. These agents were evaluated both individually and in combination to suppress the development of anthracnose in Tajuk variety shallot. The study was conducted in the laboratory and greenhouse, arranged in a completely randomized design with six treatments and three replications. The ability to suppress pathogenic fungi was determined based on in vitro antagonism tests of B. thuringiensis, disease severity, area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers and the percentage of mycorrhizal fungal infections. Furthermore, the mycorrhizal infection on plant roots was observed using staining methods. The results showed that the Bt BMKP isolate was included in the B. thuringiensis strain RC9 group with the capacity to inhibit C. gloeosporioides in vitro by 18.88%. The combination treatment of R. intraradices, B. thuringiensis and silica reduced infection from anthracnose by 15.52% compared with control. These three treatments also significantly increased the agronomic performance of shallot up to six weeks after planting compared to control and other treatments.
Hormesis in Pathogenic and Biocontrol Fungi: From Inhibition to Stimulation Krisnanda Surya Dharma; Suryanti Suryanti; Ani Widiastuti
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v39i2.83012

Abstract

Hormesis, a biphasic response where low doses of stressors stimulate growth and high doses inhibit it, has significant implications for agricultural chemical use. This review explores the impact of low-dose fungicides or pesticides on pathogenic and biocontrol fungi. This study highlights how sublethal dose exposure can enhance growth and virulence of fungal pathogens, while also potentially increasing their stress tolerance at higher doses. This phenomenon complicates fungicide resistance management strategies. The review focuses on specific fungicides such as dimethachlone, prochloraz, carbendazim, and others, and their hormetic effects on fungal pathogens. Furthermore, the effects of low-dose pesticides and fungicides on beneficial fungi like entomopathogenic and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are discussed. Here, low-dose exposure can stimulate the germination of entomopathogenic fungal conidia and enhance AMF root colonization and phosphorus uptake. However, hormesis can have trade-offs, potentially leading to unforeseen consequences for the organism. A thorough understanding of hormesis and dose-dependent fungicide effects is crucial for optimizing disease management and agricultural practices. This knowledge can inform strategies to minimize pathogen resistance and promote sustainable approaches. Implementing integrated disease management that combines fungicides with different modes of action alongside other control methods can be effective. Careful consideration of fungicide doses and potential hormesis effects is paramount for ensuring sustainable plant disease control and food security.
Co-Authors Ani Widiastuti Krisnanda Surya Dharma Rizky Amallia Tri Joko