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All Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Public Health of Indonesia
Ida Leida Maria
Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University
Public Health

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The Incidence of Hypertension in Internal Polyclinic in Latemmamala Hospital Soppeng Ida Leida Maria; Maftur Al Rafi; Rismayanti Hafidz; Firman Firman
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 19, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v19i1.42869

Abstract

Hypertension, otherwise known as high blood pressure, is a condition that describes blood pressure significantly in the interval above 140/90 mmHG, which results in the death of 9.4 million people every year worldwide, with the incidence of the problem increasing over time. According to WHO, it is predicted that 1.28 billion or about 42% of people worldwide are diagnosed with hypertension, and the results of the 2018 Riskesdas suggest that the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia increased to 34.1% from 25.8% in 2013. The type of research used is analytic observational with a cross-sectional study approach. The population in this study were all visitors recorded in the Internal Medicine Clinic register book at Latemmamala Hospital from January to December 2021, namely 707 people. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling with a total sample size of 148 people. This study finds that nutritional status (p=0.002), total cholesterol levels (p=0.000), abdominal circumference size (=0.000), and family history (p=0.000) had a relationship with the incidence of hypertension. As well as, type of work (p=0.078), marital status (p=0.916), stress level (p=0.079), smoking habits (p=0.261), and physical activity (p=0.376) have no relationship with the incidence of hypertension. This study shows a relationship between nutritional status, cholesterol levels, abdominal circumference size, and family history of hypertension. It is highly recommended for people with hypertension adopt a healthy lifestyle, such as maintaining a diet and regular physical activity to keep their blood pressure under control.
Larvicidal Activity of Young and Old Leaves of Ricinus communis linn (Castor) with Ethanol, Aquades, Ethyl Acetate, and N-hexane solvents against Aedes sp. Bambang Dwicahya; A. Arsunan Arsin; Hasanuddin Ishak; Firdaus Hamid; Maria Kanan; Anwar Mallongi; Ida Leida Maria; Agus Bintara Birawida; Muhammad Syahrir
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): January - March
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v12i1.1412

Abstract

Background: Dengue fever remains a major public health problem in tropical regions, including Indonesia, where vector control relies heavily on synthetic larvicides that pose environmental and health concerns. Plant-based larvicides have emerged as promising alternatives; however, comparative evidence regarding the influence of solvent polarity and leaf developmental stage on larvicidal efficacy remains limited. Objectives: This study evaluated the larvicidal activity of young and old castor bean leaf extracts obtained using different solvents against Aedes sp. larvae. Method: A laboratory-based experimental study was conducted following WHO guidelines for mosquito larvicide testing. Young and old leaves of castor were extracted separately using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and distilled water through multistage maceration. Third-instar Aedes sp. larvae were exposed to graded concentrations (75–200 ppm) of each extract, with 25 larvae per treatment and three replications. Larval mortality was recorded hourly for 24 hours. Probit analysis was used to determine LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values with 95% confidence intervals, and differences among treatments were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). Results: All extracts exhibited larvicidal activity against Aedes sp., with efficacy varying according to solvent type and leaf age. Ethanol extracts of old leaves produced the highest larval mortality, while ethyl acetate extracts of young leaves showed the lowest LC₅₀ values. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids in most extracts. LC₅₀ values ranged from 131.403 to 410.225 ppm, whereas LC₉₀ estimates were substantially higher and exceeded the tested concentration range, indicating extrapolation beyond observed data.  Conclusion: The larvicidal effectiveness of castor leaf extracts against Aedes sp. is influenced by both solvent polarity and leaf developmental stage. Old leaves extracted with ethanol and young leaves extracted with ethyl acetate demonstrated comparatively higher larvicidal potential. These findings support the potential of castor as a botanical larvicide, although further studies incorporating standard larvicide controls, quantitative phytochemical analysis, and field validation are required before operational application.   Keywords: Aedes sp; ricinus communis linn; castor
Co-Authors A. Arsunan Arsin Agus Bintara Birawida Anwar Mallongi Bambang Dwicahya Firdaus Hamid Firman firman Hasanuddin Ishak Maftur Al Rafi Maria Kanan Muhammad Syahrir Rismayanti Hafidz