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All Journal Social Sciences, Humanities and Education Journal (SHE Journal) Pinisi Journal of Social Science
Esekumenu V. Clark
Department of Political Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
Humanities Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences Other

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The United Nations and the Russia –Ukraine Conflict Jackson Tobokaye Timiyan; Esekumenu V. Clark; Franklins A. Sanubi
Social Sciences, Humanities and Education Journal (SHE Journal) Vol 4, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Madiun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/she.v4i2.17684

Abstract

This study examined the United Nations and the Russia-Ukraine conflict with special focus on the mediation role of the United Nations in the face of the conflict. It painstakingly analyzed the root causes of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict from State, Regional and Global perspectives. The study adopted the historical research design which accounted for the qualitative nature of the data analysis. It also adopted the conflict theoretical framework in analyzing the variables of the study. The study found out that the realpolitik of the 5 permanent (P5) members of the Security Council has rendered the United Nations impotent in resolving conflicts. Amongst others, the study recommends that effort should be made by the United Nations to check the overbearing Cold War mentality between Russia and America. It further recommends that the UN should step down its mediation role and allow other critical actors with relatively neutral posture such as China, Turkey, India, South Africa etc to mediate with a view to achieving rapprochement between Russia and Ukraine
The Role of International Organizations in Managing Global Health Security: A Study of World Health Organization Activities in Africa Joseph Onovughe Siloko; Vincent Eseoghene Efebeh; Esekumenu V. Clark
Pinisi Journal of Social Science Vol 4, No 1 (2025): May
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/pjss.v4i1.73116

Abstract

The study examines the role of international organizations, specifically the World Health Organization (WHO), in managing global health security in Africa. It evaluates WHO’s effectiveness, the impact of systemic inequality in resource allocation, and the consequences of delays in decision-making and operational inefficiencies. The research is anchored in regime theory, which explains how international organizations govern global health security through established norms and cooperative frameworks (Krasner, 1983). A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing data from WHO reports, global health indices, and case studies of past health crises, such as Ebola (2014–2016) and COVID-19 (2020–2024). Data were collected from WHO publications, African CDC reports, peer-reviewed journals, and government health statistics.  Findings reveal that WHO plays a pivotal role in disease surveillance, emergency response coordination, and health policy implementation. However, systemic inequalities in funding and material distribution have limited Africa’s ability to respond effectively to health crises. Delays in WHO’s decision-making processes have further exacerbated the impact of pandemics on the continent. Despite these challenges, WHO remains a key institution for strengthening health security, provided that operational inefficiencies are addressed, resource distribution becomes more equitable, and decision-making processes are restructured. The study recommends decentralizing WHO’s regional offices in Africa, improving health equity in resource allocation, and reducing bureaucratic inefficiencies to enhance rapid emergency response. These findings contribute to ongoing policy discussions on global health governance and sustainable health security strategies for Africa.
Co-Authors Franklins A. Sanubi Jackson Tobokaye Timiyan Joseph Onovughe Siloko Vincent Eseoghene Efebeh