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All Journal Jurnal Dunia Ilmu Hukum Activa Yuris: Jurnal Hukum
Vincent Patria Setyawan
Universitas AtmaJaya Yogyakarta
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Presumption of Innocence as a Legal Fiction: Philosophical Foundations and Practical Implications in the Criminal Justice System Vincent Patria Setyawan
Activa Yuris: Jurnal Hukum Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Madiun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/ay.v6i1.22458

Abstract

The principle of the presumption of innocence is a fundamental doctrine in criminal law that guarantees every individual the right to be treated as innocent until proven guilty by a competent court. However, in practice, this principle often faces significant challenges, especially when it is confronted with public opinion, media exposure, and institutional interests. This study critically examines the presumption of innocence as a legal fiction, exploring both its philosophical foundations and its practical application within the criminal justice system. The objective of this research is to analyze how the legal fiction of presumed innocence functions as a normative ideal, while also identifying the gaps between theoretical guarantees and their actual implementation in legal processes. The research method used in this study is normative legal analysis, supported by a conceptual and philosophical approach. Primary and secondary legal materials are examined to understand how legal fiction is constructed and justified in criminal law theory. The results of this study show that the presumption of innocence, although formally enshrined in legal instruments, is often undermined in practice by pre-trial public exposure, institutional bias, and procedural irregularities. This condition weakens the role of legal fiction as a protective mechanism for suspects and defendants. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the need for a more consistent application of the presumption of innocence, not only as a formal principle but as a substantive guarantee of fairness and justice. Legal fiction must be critically evaluated to ensure that it does not merely serve as rhetorical ornamentation but becomes an effective tool in upholding human dignity within the criminal justice system.
Permaafan Hakim Dalam Pembaruan Hukum Pidana Indonesia Vincent Patria Setyawan; Itok Dwi Kurniawan
Jurnal Dunia Ilmu Hukum (JURDIKUM) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): JURDIKUM - JUNI
Publisher : PT. Padang Tekno Corp

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59435/jurdikum.v1i1.97

Abstract

Artikel ini membahas permasalahan terkait dengan pembaruan hukum pidana Indonesia berkaitan dengan rechterlijk pardon (permaafan hakim) sebagai salah satu bentuk putusan dalam perkara pidana. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai-nilai Pancasila yang diusung dari pengaturan dan penerapan rechterlijk pardon (permaafan hakim). Metode yang digunakan di dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah pendekatan kasus dan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rechterlijk pardon (permaafan hakim) merupakan perwujudan dari nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam proses penegakan hukum pidana, dan sebagai perwujudan upaya meng-Indonesiakan ketentuan hukum pidana yang selama ini dilandaskan oleh nilai-nilai yang berasal dari bangsa kolinal.
Co-Authors Itok Dwi Kurniawan