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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Tropis
A. A. Ketut Sudharmawan
Program Studi Agroekoteknologi Jurusan Budidaya Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Mataram
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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 1 
Estimation of Variance and Heritability Components in F2 Populations of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Dry Land Amanah Aulia Adeputri; M. Taufik Fauzi; Suwardji; A. A. Ketut Sudharmawan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 4 (2023): October - December
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i4.5326

Abstract

The F2 population of maize plants that has been obtained from hybridization between NK212 and NK7328 varieties has not been suspected of genetic diversity components and heritability in the narrow sense. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of the alleged value of variety components and heritability, as well as determine the types of varieties to be formed. The experimental design used was the Group Randomized Design (RAK) - North Carrolina I (NCI) consisting of 120 treatments. The experimental setup involved 40 male parent plants, each paired with 3 female parent plants in season I, and this procedure was replicated twice, resulting in a total of 240 treatment groups. The collected data was subjected to analysis through variety analysis (ANOVA) utilizing the NCI model. The results showed that the presumptive value of additive variety and dominant variety based on the results of data analysis varied, but in all observed traits the dominant variety value tended to be greater. Most of the observed traits have a negative heritability presumptive value, except for stem diameter, panicle exit age, fresh pruning weight, and 1000 seed weights. The conclusion obtained is that most of the observed properties have additive variance values and negative heritability values; the dominant variance value in all observed properties is greater than that of additive variety; The heritability of most traits cannot be predicted because they are negative. Therefore, it is advisable for the improvement of the F2 population is with the formation of hybrids.
Genetic Parameters of Rice Strains (Oryza sativa L.) Functional for Development and Increasing Production in Medium Plain Dry Lands Amilia Qurota A'yun; M. Taufik Fauzi; Suwardji; A. A. K. Sudharmawan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 2 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i2.5331

Abstract

Functional rice is a food that contains more than one forming component that is useful for health. Nowadays public interest in functional food is increasing, so functional rice production needs to be increased. Therefore, this research was conducted with the hope of obtaining information on superior agronomic characters to increase the yield power of functional rice strains. The method used was experimental using a randomized group design (RAK). Data analysis consists of Analysis of Variance, genetic diversity coefficient, phenotype diversity coefficient, genotype correlation, phenotype correlation, and heritability in a broad sense. The results showed that the heritability value of high area meaning is found in the character of flowering, harvest age, plant height, panicle length of the amount of grain contained, and the amount of empty grain. The high value of the KKG and KKF is indicated by the character of the number of non-productive saplings, while the lowest value is indicated by the character of the age of harvest. All quantitative characters observed showed positive genotypic correlation results to grain weight per clump. While in phenotypic correlation only the character of plant height, panicle length, the amount of grain containing, the amount of hollow grain and the weight of 100 grains are positive. Based on the analysis that has been carried out the character  of plant height, panicle length, the amount of grain containing the amount of hollow grain and the weight of 100 grains need to be taken into account as selection criteria to obtain high-yielding functional rice.
Determination of PEG (Polyethlenee Glycol) Concentration and Dosage to Evaluate The Resistance of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) to Drought Siti Raihanun; M. Taufik Fauzi; Suwardji Suwardji; A.A.K Sudharmawan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 4 (2023): October - December
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i4.5332

Abstract

The writing is intended to assess the response of rice plants to the germination phase through induce concentrations and a dose of the PEG. Library research is used in this writing by locating and collecting libraries that were generated by earlier research. As for the data obtained in this writing, it is the result of analysis of various vets and rice varieties of Cempo Laut, Edok, Mutant Galurses (M5-GR150 1-4, M5-GR150 1-9, M5-GR200 1-2, M5-GR150 2-2, M5-GR150 2-3), Legowo, Malihan Ketan, Mlarak 1, Inpago, IR 64, Palenok, Philips, Radix. Concentrations of PEG 6000 and 8000 with a dose of 0%, 5%, 15%, 20% and 25% induced, then treated with the best denunciation. Observation data indicate that each response is different. PEG concentration of 8000 and dose of -0.5 MPa gave the best germination power.
Analysis of Soil Chemical Properties and Their Relationship with Tobacco Plant Productivity in Dry Land Ema Rahila Azzahra; Taufik Fauzi; Suwardji; A. A. Ketut Sudharmawan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 2 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i2.5334

Abstract

Dryland is defined as land that is never flooded or submerged in water throughout the year. Indonesia has a very large area of dryland, which is 11,876,881 hectares. Generally, drylands have low fertility and thin soil layers with low organic matter content. There are several types of plants that can be cultivated in drylands, one of which is tobacco. Environmental conditions such as soil conditions (physical and chemical properties of soil) affect the production and quality of tobacco, among others, soil status. In this topic, the descriptive method was used as an approach. Data collection techniques (literature) were carried out using books, articles, and scientific journals derived from previous research. It was concluded that an increase in C-organic content, CEC, and KB increased tobacco production. Conversely, an increase in pH can adversely affect tobacco production and quality.
The Effect of Cover Crops on Soil Quality in Gogo Rice Planting in an Effort to Increase Yield M. Iqbal Atmayadi Saifuddin; Taufik Fauzi; A.A.K. Sudharmawan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 4 (2023): October - December
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i4.5335

Abstract

Organic matter is one of the important factors that can determine the level of soil fertility and health. The presence of organic matter in the soil is currently quite worrying. This is due to the behavior of the farmers themselves who tend to carry out inappropriate cultivation and the excessive use of inorganic fertilizers and the use of chemical pesticides that exceed the dosage. It is necessary to take appropriate measures so that the organic matter in the soil is not reduced. The analysis was carried out descriptively by conducting a literature study on relevant literature and conducting a qualitative analysis. Based on the results of a review of international and national journals that cover crops can play an active role in the growth rate and yield of cultivated plants. Ground cover plants can be used as conservation plants, soil health and fertility and the environment as erosion control, maintaining soil moisture, controlling pest populations, suppressing weed growth. The advice that can be given from this paper is the need for further research on the use of cover crops as a source of organic matter in soil balance and agro-ecosystems.
Potential Utilization of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Various Growing Media on Soil Fertility in Dry Land Demy Afiya Restiyah; Taufik Fauzi; Suwardji; A. A. Ketut Sudharmawan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 2 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i2.5339

Abstract

The potential of dry land for agricultural development in Indonesia is very large, one way that can be done to increase soil fertility and productivity of dry land is by using PGPR biologival fertilizers and various planting media such as husk charcoal and cocopeat. The purpose of this writing is to determine the effect of giving Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and various planting media on soil fertility in dry land. This research was conducted using a descriptive method by obtaining data from publication in the form of research journal, review journal published in international and national journals and other related information. Descriptive analysis was carried out by means of 1). Do a search of appropriate literature 2). Screening and selecting relevant articles 3). Conducting qualitative analysis and 4). Compile articles. The application of PGPR and various planting media can increase the physical and chemical fertility of the soil and nutrient absorption for the soil, such as improving soil ph, organic C, P-total and soil N-total. The mechanism of PGPR to increase soil fertility is by fixing nitrogen in the air with the help of the enzyme nitogenase, as a phosphate solvent, and as a producer of plant hormones.
Review Paper: Use of Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanoides L.) and Rice Husk Biochar in Remediation of Mercury (Hg) Polluted Soil Baiq Siti Rohmaniati; Taufik Fauzi; A. A. Ketut Sudharmawan; Suwardji
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 2 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i2.5345

Abstract

Indonesia has abundant natural resources. One of the great natural resources is mineral resources in the form of gold. With this potential, the number of national mining locations continues to increase, both large, medium, small and unlicensed gold mining (PETI) carried out directly by the community, either in groups or individually, which can have a negative impact on the environment. pollution such as land and water. , because the results of gold processing which contain heavy metals (Hg) are immediately thrown away without any further processing. This can harm the surrounding environment and even enter the food chain. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study and find out related information regarding the effectiveness of phytoremediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals such as mercury (Hg) using vetiver (Vetiveria zizanoides L.) and soil ameliorant materials in the form of rice husks. biochar to reduce the concentration of these heavy metals, as well as the mechanisms involved in phytoremediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals. The vetiver root plant (Vetiveria zizanoides L) is very effective for use in remediating soil contaminated with mercury (Hg) or other heavy metals. The use of biochar can influence the growth and absorption of heavy metals by vetiver (Vetiveria zizanoides L). Biochar is also able to improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and stabilize heavy metals in the soil.
Remediation of Ex-Unlicensed Gold Mining Using Rice Husk Biochar: its Effect on Reducing Mercury Levels Riza Hamkary Salam; Taufik Fauzi; A. A. Ketut Sudharmawan; Mulyati; Suwardji
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 2 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i2.6063

Abstract

: The dangers of mercury in nature cause negative impacts on the environment and humans. The nature of mercury is bioaccumulative and toxic, and it cannot be degraded quickly but only through valence transformation. One effort that can be made to reduce the level of toxicity from mercury is to use biochar as an adsorbent agent in the soil. This article's goal is to review data regarding the use of biological charcoal (biochar) as a soil adsorbent for mercury. In order to clean up soil that has been contaminated with mercury (Hg), rice husk biochar plays a crucial function. Other than that, by using these organic materials instead of synthetic ones, soil production can be increased while environmental impact is reduced by 56%. Mercury is absorbed by biochar through a number of different mechanisms, including: (1) electrostatic bonds; (2) K+ and Na+ with Hg2+ and Hg+ ions simultaneously; (3) covalent reduction of mercury from Hg2+ to Hg+ and Hg0; (4) formation of a mineral complex (Hg2(OH)2) through precipitation of Hg2+ with carboxyl groups, such as lactones; and (5) complexation reactions on oxygen-containing functional groups such as - In comparison to soil alone, the use of biochar along with other organic elements can boost the capacity of heavy metal adsorption. With this combination, mercury levels were reduced to 12.45 ppm while soil pH increased dramatically from 0.3 to 1.33 units, near to neutral.
Soil Properties Affecting Mercury (Hg) Adsorption-Desorption: Determine The Extent of Soil Pollution Risk Puji Hapsari Hurum; Suwardji; Taufik Fauzi; A. A. Ketut Sudharmawan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 2 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i2.6157

Abstract

One of the hazardous wastes generated from unlicensed gold mining is mercury. Mercury is a toxic metal that can have a negative impact on the environment such as reducing soil and water quality and disturbing human health. The presence of mercury in the soil is completely controlled by adsorption-desorption of various sorbents. Soil properties greatly affect the adsorption and desorption of mercury in the soil. Because different soil properties will adsorb and desorb mercury in different ways and amounts.  The purpose of writing this article is to review the results of previous research on the adsorption-desorption of mercury in soil so as to determine the extent of the risk of soil and environmental pollution. The method used in this writing is to collect and process data sources from previous research published in scientific articles, books, and discussion results. The results show that soils with high organic matter, iron oxide and clay content can absorb more Hg2+. In addition, lower pH has more hydroxylated surfaces that can adsorb more Hg2+. Irreversibility was found where the amount released or desorbed was less than the adsorption of mercury.
Co-Authors Amanah Aulia Adeputri Amilia Qurota A'yun Baiq Siti Rohmaniati Demy Afiya Restiyah Ema Rahila Azzahra M. Iqbal Atmayadi Saifuddin M. Taufik Fauzi Mulyati Puji Hapsari Hurum Riza Hamkary Salam Siti Raihanun Suwardji Suwardji Taufik Fauzi