Yudi, Yulius
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Identifikasi Jenis Mikroplastik dan Logam Berat di Air Sungai Kapuas Kota Pontianak Sugandi, Didiek; Agustiawan, Deri; Febriyanti, Shafira Viana; Yudi, Yulius; Wahyuni, Nelly
POSITRON Vol 11, No 2 (2021): Vol. 11 No. 2 Edition
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Univetsitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (800.866 KB) | DOI: 10.26418/positron.v11i2.49355

Abstract

Sungai Kapuas berperan sebagai sarana transportasi, sumber air baku untuk PDAM, tempat rekreasi, hingga menjadi tempat pembuangan sampah dan limbah bagi masyarakat Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat. Sampah plastik merupakan sampah yang paling banyak dihasilkan karena tingginya aktivitas masyarakat. Sampah plastik yang terpapar sinar ultraviolet atau proses lainnya dapat terdekomposisi menjadi mikroplastik (5 mm - 1 µm) yang dapat berdampak negatif bagi ekosistem perairan bahkan manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis polimer dan logam berat pada mikroplastik yang ada di air Sungai Kapuas. Pengambilan sampel pada 6 titik lokasi didasarkan pada outlet pasar, pelabuhan, penyebrangan feri dan industri. Identifikasi kelimpahan, bentuk dan warna dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikroskop, karakterisasi jenis polimer dengan Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) dan logam berat dengan Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelimpahan mikroplastik di Sungai Kapuas sebesar 943,3 partikel/L dengan persentase terbesar berbentuk filamen (33%) dan  fragmen (33%). Karakterisasi gugus fungsi dengan FTIR menunjukkan adanya plastik jenis polietilena (PE) pada serapan 2918 cm-1, polipropilena (PP) pada serapan 2917 cm-1, polistirena (PS) pada serapan 3348 cm-1, 2917 cm-1, 1397 cm-1, politetraflouoroetilena (PTPE) pada serapan 1030 cm-1 dan poliamida pada serapan 1586 cm-1. Berdasarkan analisa SEM-EDX, sampel mikroplastik mengandung unsur C, O, Na, Al, Si, Cl, dan K serta tidak ditemukan logam berat. Variasi bentuk, jenis, dan komposisi unsur-unsur pada sampel mikroplastik disebabkan karena adanya perbedaan aktivitas masyarakat di sekitar Sungai Kapuas Kota Pontianak. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar dalam melakukan kegiatan konservasi dan mitigasi dari dampak polusi mikroplastik di kawasan Sungai Kapuas Kota Pontianak.
CASSAVA-BASED BIOPLASTIC AS A CARRIER MEDIUM FOR SLOW-RELEASE FERTILIZER Yudi, Yulius; Syahbanu, Intan; Wahyuni, Nelly
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v8i2.23718

Abstract

The rapid nutrient release of conventional fertilizers often leads to resource inefficiency, environmental pollution, and a continuous increase in subsidized fertilizer demand in Indonesia. This study aimed to develop cassava starch (Manihot esculenta Crantz)-based bioplastic as a carrier medium for urea slow-release fertilizer (SRF). The bioplastic was further analyzed for its mechanical properties, biodegradability, and nutrient release efficiency. The research method involved cassava starch preparation, bioplastic fabrication using cassava starch, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and glycerol mixtures, followed by testing of water resistance, tensile strength, elongation, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis, and SRF release performance. The results showed that bioplastic containing fertilizer (BP) exhibited higher water absorption, with water resistance of 73.45%, compared to bioplastic without fertilizer (BP0), which showed 67.44% water resistance. Mechanical testing revealed that bioplastic without fertilizer had a higher tensile strength (0.99 MPa) than bioplastic containing fertilizer (0.50 MPa). Although the tensile strength did not meet the Indonesian National Standard (SNI ISO 527-1:2016), which requires values between 24.7–302 MPa, the elongation properties of both samples met the standard range of 21–220%. Functional group analysis using FTIR indicated changes in the chemical structure of the bioplastic due to fertilizer addition, evidenced by a shift in the FTIR absorption peak at 2164.13 cm⁻¹, corresponding to the isocyanate group. The urea slow-release test conducted over six days showed a nutrient release efficiency of 66% for the bioplastic-embedded urea fertilizer (BP) compared to the direct use of urea fertilizer. Overall, this study demonstrates that cassava starch-based bioplastic has strong potential as an efficient carrier material for SRF applications.