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All Journal Sanskara Hukum dan HAM Journal of Innovative and Creativity Ipso Jure Journal of Shariah Economics
M. Syahrul Borman
Universitas Dr. Soetomo Surabaya
Religion Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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Tinjauan Yuridis Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) Properti Terhadap Perlindungan Konsumen Berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Zaini; Subekti; Sri Astutik; M. Syahrul Borman
Journal of Innovative and Creativity Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/joecy.v6i1.7887

Abstract

Industri properti di Indonesia sering kali menggunakan instrumen Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) sebagai sarana transaksi awal sebelum bangunan selesai didirikan (pre-project selling). Namun, praktik ini kerap menimbulkan permasalahan hukum ketika terdapat ketidakseimbangan klausula dalam kontrak baku dan kegagalan pengembang dalam memenuhi prestasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kedudukan hukum PPJB dikaitkan dengan asas kebebasan berkontrak serta mengkaji bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen apabila pengembang melakukan wanprestasi atau dinyatakan pailit. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Sumber data diperoleh dari bahan hukum primer berupa peraturan perundang-undangan terkait perdata, perlindungan konsumen, dan kepailitan, serta bahan hukum sekunder berupa literatur hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Secara hukum, PPJB sah mengikat para pihak berdasarkan Pasal 1338 KUHPerdata, namun penerapan asas kebebasan berkontrak dalam PPJB terdistorsi oleh penggunaan kontrak baku yang menempatkan konsumen pada posisi tawar yang lemah; (2) Perlindungan hukum konsumen secara preventif diatur melalui persyaratan ketat pemasaran dalam UU Perumahan dan Kawasan Permukiman. Secara represif, konsumen dapat menggugat ganti rugi akibat wanprestasi. Namun, dalam kasus kepailitan pengembang, posisi konsumen sangat rentan karena umumnya dikategorikan sebagai kreditor konkuren yang tidak memiliki hak didahulukan dalam pembagian aset, kecuali ditentukan lain oleh putusan pengadilan.
Analisis Putusan Hakim Dalam Perkara Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual Terhadap Anak (Studi Kasus Nomor 1941/Pid. Sus/2024/PN Sby) Fatimah Nur Fauzia; M. Syahrul Borman; Dudik Djaja Sidarta; Noenik Soekorini
JOURNAL OF SHARIA ECONOMICS Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Journal of Sharia Economics
Publisher : Program Studi Ekonomi Syariah, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, Universitas Al Hikmah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35896/jse.v7i1.1106

Abstract

Sexual violence against children is a serious form of human rightsviolation with widespread physical, psychological, and social impacts.This study aims to analyze the judge's considerations in issuing averdict in a case of sexual violence against children based on CaseStudy Number 1941/Pid.Sus/2024/PN Sby, and assess itscompliance with the provisions of the Child Protection Law. Themethod used is a normative juridical approach using primary andsecondary data sources, including court decisions and relevant lawsand regulations. The results show that the judge considered two mainaspects in issuing a verdict: legal considerations (such as charges,evidence, and violated articles) and non-legal considerations (suchas the victim's psychological condition, the defendant'ssocioeconomic background, and morality factors). In this case, theperpetrator was sentenced to six years in prison and a fine ofRp50,000,000.00 for being proven to have committed sexual violenceagainst children. This verdict reflects efforts to protect child victimslegally, although there is still room for evaluation regarding theoptimization of aspects of restorative justice and victim rehabilitation.This research is expected to contribute to the development of juvenilecriminal law and the evaluation of judicial practices regarding sexualcrimes targeting vulnerable groups.
Peran Polri Dalam Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Pencurian Kendaraan Bermotor Oleh Anak Di Daerah Bangkalan Khoirul Abror; M. Syahrul Borman; Wahyu Prawesti; Dudik Djaja Sidarta
JOURNAL OF SHARIA ECONOMICS Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Journal of Sharia Economics
Publisher : Program Studi Ekonomi Syariah, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, Universitas Al Hikmah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35896/jse.v4i1.1340

Abstract

Motor vehicle theft by children is a criminal phenomenon that causes social unrest and raises legal issues related to child protection. This study aims to analyze the factors causing children to commit motor vehicle theft in the Bangkalan area and examine the role of the Indonesian National Police in combating this crime. This study uses an empirical legal approach with qualitative methods through interviews, observations, and document studies. The results show that economic factors, family disorganization, social environmental influences, low legal education, and weak supervision are the main determinants of child involvement in criminal acts. In the context of countermeasures, the Indonesian National Police implements preventive, repressive, and restorative justice strategies in accordance with Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. Rehabilitative and diversion approaches are the main instruments in maintaining a balance between law enforcement and the protection of children's rights.
Perlindungan Hukum dan Pengawasan Perawat dalam Delegasi Tindakan Medis di Rumah Sakit Munif Amar; M. Syahrul Borman; Wahyu Prawesthi
Sanskara Hukum dan HAM Vol. 4 No. 03 (2026): Sanskara Hukum dan HAM (SHH)
Publisher : Eastasouth Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/shh.v4i03.763

Abstract

As a healthcare institution, the hospital is mandatory to provide competent human resources, with physicians and nurses serving as the central pillars. In clinical practice, nurses no longer only provide independent nursing care but also perform medical acts through the mechanism of delegation of authority from physicians. This normative juridical research employs a deductive approach to analyze the legal provisions regarding the delegation of medical acts and to examine the aspects of supervision and legal protection for nurses. A qualitative analysis was conducted on existing regulations to map out the boundaries of authority and standard procedures within collaborative services. The research findings emphasize that professional competence is a fundamental prerequisite to ensure that delegated medical acts are performed safely and accountably. Although hospitals bear institutional responsibility, nurses still face the risk of personal liability—whether criminal, civil, or administrative—if they are proven to have performed medical acts without valid written delegation or in deviation from professional standards and applicable operating procedures. Enforcement of legal certainty within the delegation mechanism is crucial to protect the rights of nurses while simultaneously ensuring patient safety.
Between Freedom of Expression and Public Order: An Analysis of Police Discretion in Handling Anarchic Demonstrations Hermanto Dewey Hutabarat; M. Syahrul Borman; Dudik Djaja Sidarta
Ipso Jure Vol. 3 No. 7 (2026): Ipso Jure - August
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/t1089e71

Abstract

Demonstrations, as a manifestation of freedom of expression guaranteed by the constitution, in practice often escalate into anarchic actions that disrupt public order and can lead to criminal acts. This situation places the Indonesian National Police in a position that is both strategic and complex, because on one hand they are obliged to protect the constitutional rights of citizens, while on the other hand they must enforce the law and maintain public order through the exercise of discretionary authority. This study aims to analyze the discretionary authority of the police in law enforcement against acts of anarchism that occur during demonstrations, as well as to examine the factors that influence the application of such discretion. The method used in this study is legal research with a normative juridical approach reinforced by a sociological juridical approach, through analysis of legislation, police policies, and relevant legal literature. The results of the study indicate that police discretion is a legally valid authority within the framework of positive law and serves as an instrument to address the limitations of written norms when facing dynamic and escalating demonstration situations. However, the implementation of discretion is influenced by normative, institutional, and situational factors, as well as the personal factors of officers. Therefore, without adequate regulation, officer professionalism, and effective oversight mechanisms, the application of discretion has the potential to create legal uncertainty and human rights violations. Thus, strengthening regulation and discretionary governance becomes an essential need to ensure law enforcement that is proportional and accountable.
Legal Construction of Corporate Liability for Coal Mine Reclamation: A Normative Study and Enforcement Constraints Andi Ferial Junaedy; M. Syahrul Borman; Nur Handayati
Ipso Jure Vol. 3 No. 7 (2026): Ipso Jure - August
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/yfqg1n51

Abstract

This research is motivated by the persistent weakness in enforcing corporate liability for coal mining reclamation, despite its formal regulation under Indonesian positive law. Reclamation as an instrument for environmental restoration is often treated merely as an administrative obligation, resulting in suboptimal protection and recovery of the environment. The research addresses two main issues: the legal construction of corporate liability in coal mining reclamation under Indonesian law and the obstacles to enforcing such liability in practice. This study employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches, based on a literature review of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The findings indicate that, normatively, corporations are recognized as legal subjects directly responsible for reclamation as a legal consequence of natural resource exploitation. However, the enforcement of corporate liability remains constrained by normative ambiguities, regulatory disharmony, conceptual tensions between fault-based liability and high-risk mining activities, evidentiary difficulties in establishing causation, and institutional weaknesses in governmental oversight. These constraints significantly undermine the effectiveness of reclamation obligations as instruments for environmental protection and restoration within coal mining activities in Indonesia.
Criminal Liability For Phishing And Data Breach Crimes In Digital Transactions Agussapriadi Lubis; M. Syahrul Borman; Nur Handayati
Ipso Jure Vol. 3 No. 7 (2026): Ipso Jure - August
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/n09kg073

Abstract

The accelerated growth of digital transactions has intensified exposure to cybercrime risks, particularly phishing and data breaches, which undermine personal data security and erode public confidence in electronic systems. Despite Indonesia’s adoption of the Law on Information and Electronic Transactions and the Law on Personal Data Protection, phishing and data breach incidents persist and continue to generate difficulties in the practical application of criminal law. This study seeks to examine the forms of criminal liability that may be attributed to perpetrators of phishing and data breach offenses within digital transaction contexts, while also identifying the principal barriers to effective criminal law enforcement against these crimes. The research applies a normative legal methodology using statutory and conceptual approaches, grounded in an analysis of relevant legislation, criminal law doctrines, and key theoretical frameworks concerning cybercrime and personal data protection. The findings indicate that phishing and data breach crimes can be subject to criminal liability even though phishing is not explicitly formulated as a specific offense; however, their enforcement faces normative, conceptual, evidentiary, institutional, and technological obstacles. These constraints reflect tensions between fundamental principles of criminal law and the dynamic nature of cybercrime, highlighting the need for a more adaptive and effective criminal law policy to ensure the security of digital transactions
Co-Authors Agussapriadi Lubis Andi Ferial Junaedy Dudik Djaja Sidarta Fatimah Nur Fauzia Hermanto Dewey Hutabarat Khoirul Abror Munif Amar Noenik Soekorini Nur Handayati Sri Astutik Subekti Wahyu Prawesthi Wahyu Prawesti Zaini