Bity Salwana Alias
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

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The validity and reliability of culturally responsive leadership practice instruments in small schools peninsular Malaysia Mohd Norlizam Mohd Razali; Aida Hanim A. Hamid; Bity Salwana Alias; Azlin Norhaini Mansor
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Vol 13, No 1: February 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijere.v13i1.26274

Abstract

A culturally responsive leadership instrument was developed to determine the level of culturally responsive leadership practice of headmasters in small schools in Peninsular Malaysia. This study was conducted in Perak and Negeri Sembilan to determine the instrument’s reliability and validity. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and item reliability analysis were used to determine the questionnaire’s reliability and validity. Next, the average congruence percentage (ACP) is used to determine the reliability test between expert assessors. Experts approved the validity and reliability of the instrument before the EFA test was conducted. All four constructs have high-reliability index values between 0.88–0.93. Next, the EFA analysis shows four dimensions in the culturally responsive leadership instrument with factor loadings ranging from 0.62–0.88. The findings also show that the variance explained in the data is 65.16% with an eigenvalue greater than 1. This result showed that all items are received with high approval. In addition, the reliability coefficient α=0.93 is very high. The results prove that this culturally responsive leadership instrument has high validity and reliability and can measure the level of culturally responsive leadership implementation practices in small schools in Peninsular Malaysia.
The validity and reliability of professional learning community instruments in small schools peninsular Malaysia Mohd Norlizam Mohd Razali; Aida Hanim A. Hamid; Bity Salwana Alias
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Vol 13, No 3: June 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijere.v13i3.27178

Abstract

A professional learning community (PLC) instrument was developed to determine the level of PLC practice in small schools in Peninsular Malaysia. This study was conducted in Perak and Negeri Sembilan to determine the instrument's reliability and validity. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and item reliability analysis were used to determine the questionnaire’s reliability and validity. Next, the average congruence percentage (ACP) is used to determine the reliability test between expert assessors. Experts approved the validity and reliability of the instrument before the EFA test was conducted. All five constructs have high-reliability index values between 0.86–0.95. Next, the EFA analysis shows five dimensions in the PLC instrument with factor loadings ranging from 0.61–0.84. The findings also show that the variance explained in the data is 68.99% with an Eigenvalue greater than 1. This result indicates that all items are received with high approval. In addition, a very high-reliability coefficient value, α=0.96. The results prove that this PLC instrument has high validity and reliability and can measure the level of PLC implementation practices in small schools in Peninsular Malaysia.
Student leadership in Chinese higher education student union: the role of organizational climate and student engagement Lei Hua; Aida Hanim A. Hamid; Bity Salwana Alias
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Vol 15, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijere.v15i1.36185

Abstract

Student leadership (SL) is a key driver for personal growth, organizational effectiveness, and campus governance. However, in China, less attention has been paid to the development of SL, especially within student unions, which play a central role in governance and representation. Therefore, this research explores the effect of organizational climate (OC) and student engagement (SE) on SL in college student unions and examines the moderating effect of SE. A quantitative survey was conducted, targeting 17,200 student union members in Shanxi Province, China. Data was collected from 500 respondents using online questionnaires through a convenience sampling technique. The direct effect and moderating effect were analyzed by partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), which was chosen due to its suitability for analyzing complex models. The findings revealed that both OC and SE have a positive effect on SL. Moreover, SE significantly moderates the relationship between OC and SL. This research advances social cognitive theory in the Chinese higher education context. It enhances the understanding of how college climate and individual factors interact to shape SL. Practically, it suggests the importance of fostering a supportive OC and stimulating SE in SL development.
Stakeholder management practices and education quality: a literature review using content analysis Yihong Peng; Bity Salwana Alias; Xinyu Wan; Azlin Norhaini Mansor
Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) Vol 20, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/edulearn.v20i1.22380

Abstract

Stakeholder theory and stakeholder management models’ impact on the quality of education throughout the last ten years is investigated in this systematic literature review (SLR). It gives a summary of recent findings and points out areas that require more research. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) technique was used in the study to search six databases, and 34 papers were chosen for review. Leximancer was used to refine the content analysis. The primary objective is to investigate the relationship between excellent education and efficient stakeholder management. With a detailed literature analysis identifying major themes and prospects for additional research on partnerships and stakeholder views in education, the study underlines the growing acknowledgement of the impact of stakeholder involvement on educational outcomes. Future studies on this subject could significantly raise the standard, effectiveness, and sustainability of global education. Future research could be improved by broadening the search parameters, promoting interdisciplinary work, and stressing stakeholder involvement, despite some constraints including inconsistent methodology and geographic bias.